JavaScript - Promise对象

优点：

1. 在异步执行的流程中，把执行代码和处理结果的代码清晰地分离

例子1. 生成一个0-2之间的随机数，如果小于1，则等待一段时间后返回成功，否则返回失败：

'use strict';

// 清除log:
var logging = document.getElementById('test-promise-log');
while (logging.children.length > 1) {
    logging.removeChild(logging.children[logging.children.length - 1]);
}

// 输出log到页面:
function log(s) {
    var p = document.createElement('p');
    p.innerHTML = s;
    logging.appendChild(p);
}

new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
    log('start new Promise...');
    var timeOut = Math.random() * 2;
    log('set timeout to: ' + timeOut + ' seconds.');
    setTimeout(function () {
        if (timeOut < 1) {
            log('call resolve()...');
            resolve('200 OK');
        }
        else {
            log('call reject()...');
            reject('timeout in ' + timeOut + ' seconds.');
        }
    }, timeOut * 1000);
}).then(function (r) {
    log('Done: ' + r);
}).catch(function (reason) {
    log('Failed: ' + reason);
});