Android 6.0之后有些权限需要动态申请，这里先记录一下哪些权限是需要动态申请的，方便以后查看
| Permission Group | Permission |
| android.permission-group.CALENDER | android.permission.READ_CALENDAR android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR |
| android.permission-group.CAMERA | android.permission.CAMERA |
| android.permission-group.CONTACTS | android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS android.permission.READ_CONTACTS |
| android.permission-group.SENSORS | android.permission.BODY_SENSORS |
| android.permission-group.LOCATION | android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION |
| android.permission-group.STORAGE | android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE |
| android.permission-group.MICROPHONE | android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO |
| android.permission-group.SMS | android.permission.READ_SMS android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS android.permission.SEND_SMS android.permission.SEND_SMS |
| android.permission-group.PHONE | android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE android.permission.CALL_PHONE android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG android.permission.USE_SIP android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL |
先记录到这里
这两天写通讯录相关的东西看了看Android这部分相关的源码，然后看到了一个有意思的东西：PermissionsUtils，Android源码每个应用都会写这么一个工具类，这里类里包含此应用需要的相关权限。我把我写的通讯录的相关的代码贴到这里做个示例：
PermissionUtil类：
import android.Manifest.permission;
import android.app.AppOpsManager;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Process;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
public class PermissionUtil {
public static final String PHONE = permission.CALL_PHONE;
public static final String CONTACTS = permission.READ_CONTACTS;
public static final String LOCATION = permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION;
public static boolean hasPhonePermissions(Context context) {
return hasPermission(context, PHONE);
}
public static boolean hasContactsPermissions(Context context) {
return hasPermission(context, CONTACTS);
}
public static boolean hasLocationPermissions(Context context) {
return hasPermission(context, LOCATION);
}
public static boolean hasPermission(Context context, String permission) {
return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission)
== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
}
public static boolean hasAppOp(Context context, String appOp) {
final AppOpsManager appOpsManager =
(AppOpsManager) context.getSystemService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE);
final int mode = appOpsManager.checkOpNoThrow(appOp, Process.myUid(),
context.getPackageName());
return mode == AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED;
}
}
RequestPermissionBaseActivity类（需要在build.gradle里加入 implementation 'com.github.dfqin:grantor:2.1.0'）：
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Trace;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import com.github.dfqin.grantor.PermissionsUtil;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
public abstract class RequestPermissionBaseActivity extends Activity implements ActivityCompat.OnRequestPermissionsResultCallback {
public static final String PREVIOUS_ACTIVITY_INTENT = "previous_intent";
/**
* Whether the permissions activity was already started.
*/
protected static final String EXTRA_STARTED_PERMISSIONS_ACTIVITY =
"started_permissions_activity";
protected static final String EXTRA_IS_CALLER_SELF = "is_caller_self";
private static final int PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ALL_PERMISSIONS = 1;
/**
* @return list of permissions that are needed in order for {@link #PREVIOUS_ACTIVITY_INTENT}
* to operate. You only need to return a single permission per permission group you care about.
*/
protected abstract String[] getPermissions();
protected Intent mPreviousActivityIntent;
/**
* If true then start the target activity "for result" after permissions are granted.
*/
protected boolean mIsCallerSelf;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mPreviousActivityIntent = (Intent) getIntent().getExtras().get(PREVIOUS_ACTIVITY_INTENT);
mIsCallerSelf = getIntent().getBooleanExtra(EXTRA_IS_CALLER_SELF, false);
// Only start a requestPermissions() flow when first starting this activity the first time.
// The process is likely to be restarted during the permission flow (necessary to enable
// permissions) so this is important to track.
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
requestPermissions();
}
}
/**
* If any permissions the Contacts app needs are missing, open an Activity
* to prompt the user for these permissions. Moreover, finish the current activity.
* <p>
* This is designed to be called inside {@link android.app.Activity#onCreate}
*/
protected static boolean startPermissionActivity(Activity activity,
String[] requiredPermissions, Class<?> newActivityClass) {
return startPermissionActivity(activity, requiredPermissions, /* isCallerSelf */ false,
newActivityClass);
}
protected static boolean startPermissionActivity(Activity activity,
String[] requiredPermissions, boolean isCallerSelf, Class<?> newActivityClass) {
if (!hasPermissions(activity, requiredPermissions)) {
final Intent intent = new Intent(activity, newActivityClass);
activity.getIntent().putExtra(EXTRA_STARTED_PERMISSIONS_ACTIVITY, true);
intent.putExtra(PREVIOUS_ACTIVITY_INTENT, activity.getIntent());
intent.putExtra(EXTRA_IS_CALLER_SELF, isCallerSelf);
activity.startActivity(intent);
activity.finish();
return true;
}
// Account type initialization must be delayed until the Contacts permission group
// has been granted (since GET_ACCOUNTS) falls under that groups. Previously it
// was initialized in ContactApplication which would cause problems as
// AccountManager.getAccounts would return an empty array. See b/22690336
// AccountTypeManager.getInstance(activity);
return false;
}
protected boolean isAllGranted(String permissions[], int[] grantResult) {
for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
if (grantResult[i] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
&& isPermissionRequired(permissions[i])) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private boolean isPermissionRequired(String p) {
return Arrays.asList(getPermissions()).contains(p);
}
private void requestPermissions() {
Trace.beginSection("requestPermissions");
try {
// Construct a list of missing permissions
final ArrayList<String> unsatisfiedPermissions = new ArrayList<>();
for (String permission : getPermissions()) {
if (!PermissionsUtil.hasPermission(this, permission)) {
unsatisfiedPermissions.add(permission);
}
}
if (unsatisfiedPermissions.size() == 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("Request permission activity was called even"
+ " though all permissions are satisfied.");
}
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
this,
unsatisfiedPermissions.toArray(new String[unsatisfiedPermissions.size()]),
PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ALL_PERMISSIONS);
} finally {
Trace.endSection();
}
}
protected static boolean hasPermissions(Context context, String[] permissions) {
Trace.beginSection("hasPermission");
try {
for (String permission : permissions) {
if (!PermissionsUtil.hasPermission(context, permission)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
} finally {
Trace.endSection();
}
}
}
RequestPermissionsActivity类：
/*
* Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
import android.Manifest.permission;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.soundai.contacts.R;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Activity that requests permissions needed for activities exported from Contacts.
*/
public class RequestPermissionsActivity extends RequestPermissionBaseActivity {
public static final String BROADCAST_PERMISSIONS_GRANTED = "broadcastPermissionsGranted";
private static String[] sRequiredPermissions;
@Override
protected String[] getPermissions() {
return getPermissions(getPackageManager());
}
/**
* Method to check if the required permissions are given.
*/
public static boolean hasRequiredPermissions(Context context) {
return hasPermissions(context, getPermissions(context.getPackageManager()));
}
public static boolean startPermissionActivityIfNeeded(Activity activity) {
return startPermissionActivity(activity,
getPermissions(activity.getPackageManager()),
RequestPermissionsActivity.class);
}
private static String[] getPermissions(PackageManager packageManager) {
if (sRequiredPermissions == null) {
final List<String> permissions = new ArrayList<>();
// Contacts相关权限，如果各位想在自己的应用里使用，这里要改成自己申请的权限
// permissions.add(permission.GET_ACCOUNTS);
permissions.add(permission.READ_CONTACTS);
permissions.add(permission.WRITE_CONTACTS);
// 检查手机是否有相关功能模块，如果有该模块才申请相关权限
// Phone group
// These are only used in a few places such as QuickContactActivity and
// ImportExportDialogFragment. We work around missing this permission when
// telephony is not available on the device (i.e. on tablets).
if (packageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY)) {
permissions.add(permission.CALL_PHONE);
// permissions.add(permission.READ_CALL_LOG);
// permissions.add(permission.READ_PHONE_STATE);
}
sRequiredPermissions = permissions.toArray(new String[0]);
}
return sRequiredPermissions;
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(
int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
if (permissions != null && permissions.length > 0
&& isAllGranted(permissions, grantResults)) {
mPreviousActivityIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_ANIMATION);
if (mIsCallerSelf) {
startActivityForResult(mPreviousActivityIntent, 0);
} else {
startActivity(mPreviousActivityIntent);
}
finish();
overridePendingTransition(0, 0);
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(
new Intent(BROADCAST_PERMISSIONS_GRANTED));
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, R.string.missing_required_permission, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}
}
}
在Activity中的使用就很简单了，只需要在需要的Activity中 setContentView()前加入这段话：
RequestPermissionsActivity.startPermissionActivityIfNeeded(this);
就可以了。这里的RequestPermissionBaseActivity和RequestPermissionsActivity是从Android源码里拷贝出来的，稍微做了修改，另外引入了第三方的包，用起来感觉还是蛮顺手的。
