三层架构分别是
表示层：MVC中的视图层和控制器层，前端通常为html css js jsp文件，后端例如Servlet文件，调用业务逻辑层
业务逻辑层(Service)：接受表示层的请求，先进行逻辑处理，后调用数据逻辑层，(增：查+增)
数据访问层(Dao)：直接访问数据库的操作
通过三层架构，将表示层请求传递到数据访问层，数据访问层将结果返回至表示层
具体流程
下面为代码(环境：IDEA Mysql 8.0.19 mysql driver:8.0.15 servlet:3.0以上版本)
代码结构
add.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Laura Li
Date: 2020/3/2
Time: 12:56
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>add</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="addStudentServlet" >
学号:<input type="number" name="sno"><br/>
name: <input type="text" name="sname"/><br/>
age: <input type="text" name="sage"/><br/>
address: <input type="text" name="saddress"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="add"/><br/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
写后端代码前，先将数据封装Java bean(entity包中)
package com.Student.entity;
public class Student {
private int sno;
private String sname;
private int sage;
private String saddress;
public Student(int sno, String sname, int sage, String saddress) {
this.sno = sno;
this.sname = sname;
this.sage = sage;
this.saddress = saddress;
}
public Student(String sname, int sage, String saddress) {
this.sname = sname;
this.sage = sage;
this.saddress = saddress;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"sno=" + sno +
", sname='" + sname + '\'' +
", sage=" + sage +
", saddress='" + saddress + '\'' +
'}';
}
public int getSno() {
return sno;
}
public void setSno(int sno) {
this.sno = sno;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public int getSage() {
return sage;
}
public void setSage(int sage) {
this.sage = sage;
}
public String getSaddress() {
return saddress;
}
public void setSaddress(String saddress) {
this.saddress = saddress;
}
}
addStudentServlet.java(com.student.servlet包中)
package com.Student.Servlet;
import com.Student.entity.Student;
import com.Student.service.StudentService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
@WebServlet("/addStudentServlet")
public class addStudentServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); // 指定输出到客户端的是编码格式
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); // 指定浏览器解析数据的时候，使用的编码格式
int no = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("sno"));
String name = request.getParameter("sname");
int age = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("sage"));
String address = request.getParameter("saddress");
Student student = new Student(no, name, age, address);
StudentService studentService = new StudentService();
boolean result = studentService.addStudent(student);
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
if(result){
out.println("add successfully");
}else{
out.println("fail to add");
}
/*if (!result) { //如果增加失败，给request放入一条数据error
request.setAttribute("error", "error");
}
request.getRequestDispatcher("queryAllStudentServlet").forward(request, response);*/
}
}
addStudentService.java(自行匹配放包中)
package com.Student.service;
import com.Student.Dao.StudentDao;
import com.Student.entity.Student;
import java.util.List;
//业务逻辑层：逻辑性的增删改查（增：查+增）， 对Dao层进行组装
public class StudentService {
StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDao();
public boolean addStudent(Student student){
if(!studentDao.isExist(student.getSno())){ //此人不存在
studentDao.addStudent(student);
return true;
}else{
System.out.println("此人已存在");
return false;
}
}
public boolean deleteStudent(int sno){
if(studentDao.isExist(sno)){
return studentDao.deleteStudentBySno(sno);
}else{
return false;
}
}
public boolean updateStudentBySno(int sno,Student student){
if(studentDao.isExist(sno)){
return studentDao.updateStudentBySno(sno, student);
}else{
return false;
}
}
//根据学号查询一个学生
public Student queryStudentBySno(int sno){
return studentDao.queryStudentBySno(sno);
}
public List<Student> queryAllStudent(){
return studentDao.queryAllStudent();
}
}
StudentDao.java
package com.Student.Dao;
import com.Student.entity.Student;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
//数据访问层，原子性的增删改查，不可拆，
public class StudentDao {
private final String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/Student";
private final String User = "root";
private final String pwd = "123456";
public boolean isExist(int sno) { //true :此人存在 false : 此人不存在
return queryStudentBySno(sno)==null? false:true;
}
public boolean addStudent(Student student){
Connection connection = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
try{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, User, pwd);
System.out.println("The database was connected successfully");
String sql = "insert into student values(?,?,?,?)";
pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setInt(1,student.getSno());
pstmt.setString(2,student.getSname());
pstmt.setInt(3,student.getSage());
pstmt.setString(4,student.getSaddress());
int count = pstmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println("count = "+count);
if(count>0){
return true;
}
else
return false;
}catch (ClassNotFoundException e){
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}catch (SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}finally {
try{
if(pstmt!=null)pstmt.close();
if(connection!=null)connection.close();
}catch (SQLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}上图
