django3.0路由学习

一、路径的匹配
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from index import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('articles/2003/', views.special_case_2003), 
    path('articles/<int:year>/', views.year_archive),
    path('articles/<int:year>/<int:month>/', views.month_archive),
    path('articles/<int:year>/<int:month>/<slug:slug>/', views.article_detail),

]
url.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
def special_case_2003(request):
    return HttpResponse("This is the special 2003")

def year_archive(request,year):
    return HttpResponse("This is year archive,Year number is %d" % year)

def month_archive(request,year,month):
    return HttpResponse("This is month archive,It's %d year %d month" %(year,month))

def article_detail(request,year,month,slug):
    return HttpResponse("This is month articl details,It's %d year, %d month,slug is %s" %(year,month,slug))
view.py
1.由/分开,获取参数用尖括号,可以指定类型
2.路径后面一定要有/不然匹配不到任何路径
3.传递给视图函数view包含的参数有request实例以及路径中获取到的参数
4.顺序匹配

二、转换器
尖括号内的东西有以下几类
  • str,匹配除/的非空字符串,未指定转换器默认
  • int,匹配整形
  • slug, 匹配任意由 ASCII 字母或数字以及连字符和下划线组成的短标签
  • uuid,这个不知道干啥的
  • path,匹配包含/的非空字段
path('articles/<path:anythings>/',views.anythings)
def anythings(request,anythings):
    return HttpResponse("match nonthing above,your input is %s" % anythings)

访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/articles/mylove/hello/check/ 

响应match nonthing above,your input is mylove/hello/check

三、自定义转换器

class FourDigitYearConverter:
    regex = '[0-9]{4}'

    def to_python(self, value):
        return int(value)

    def to_url(self, value):
        return '%04d' % value
converter
 
 
from django.urls import path,register_converter
register_converter(converter.FourDigitYearConverter,'yyyy')

查看register_converter文件可以看到django规定的集中默认的转换器的规则,regex是匹配到的正则表达值。

to_python 是前段往后端python程序传的类型或值,可以在这里做特殊转换

四、正则表达式转换器

path---> re_path

转换器写法: (?P<匹配后参数名>正则表达式)

例如:re_path('articles/?P<year>[0-9]{4}/$',views.function)

五、include

将同类的url指定到app里的urlconf。

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/felix-snail/p/12387360.html