make常用内嵌函数

学习 笔记

• 函数调用

$(function arguments)

• $(wildcard PATTERN)
  当前目录下匹配模式的文件
  例如：src=$(wildcard *.c)

• $(patsubst PATTERN,REPLACEMENT,TEXT)
  模式替换函数
  例如：$（patsubst %.c,%.o,$src)
  等价于$(src:.c=.o)

• shell函数
  执行shell命令
  例如：$(shell ls -l)

• 例

二级目录编译链接

.PHONY:clean 
CC           = gcc
CFLAGS       = -Wall -g
BIN          = main
SUBDIR       = $(shell ls -d */)
ROOTSRC      = $(wildcard *.c)
ROOTOBJ      = $(ROOTSRC:%.c=%.o)
SUBSRC       = $(shell find $(SUBDIR) -name '*.c')
SUBOBJ       = $(SUBSRC:%.c=%.o)

$(BIN):$(ROOTSRC) $(SUBOBJ)
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $(BIN) $(ROOTOBJ) $(SUBOBJ)
%.o:%.c
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
clean:
    rm -f  $(BIN) $(ROOTOBJ) $(SUBOBJ)

• 多级目录Makefile
  父目录

 SUBDIRS       = test1 test2
.PHONY:default all clean $(SUBDIRS) 
default:all
all clean:
    $(MAKE) $(SUBDIRS) TARGET=$@
$(SUBDIRS):
    $(MAKE) -C $@ $(TARGET)

test1/Makefile

CC = gcc
BIN = test1
OBJS = test1.o
.PHONY: all clean print
all:print $(BIN)
print:
    @echo "----make all in $(PWD) ----"
$(BIN):$(OBJS)
    $(CC) $(OBJS) -o $@
%.o:%.c
    $(CC) -c $<
clean:
    @echo "----make clean in $(PWD) ----"
    rm -f $(BIN) $(OBJS)

test2/Makefile

CXX = g++
BIN = test2
OBJS = test2.o
.PHONY: all clean print
all:print $(BIN)
print:
    @echo "----make all in $(PWD) ----"
$(BIN):$(OBJS)
    $(CXX) $(OBJS) -o $@
%.o:%.cpp
    $(CXX) -c $<
clean:
    @echo "----make clean in $(PWD) ----"
    rm -f $(BIN) $(OBJS)