一、了解什么是INI文件？
ini 文件是Initialization File的缩写，即初始化文件，这是用来配置应用软件以实现不同用户的要求。
二、INI文件的格式
INI文件由节、键、值组成。
一个简单的的INI文件例子如下:
[Setting]
INIT_FLAG=0;
VOLUME=1;
LANGUAGE=1;
如上例子，[Setting]就是节，=号左边的值是键，=号右边的是值。
三、使用开源的iniparse库解析上述文件
iniparse.h
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@file iniparser.h
@author N. Devillard
@brief Parser for ini files.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef INIPARSER_H
#define INIPARSER_H
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Includes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
/*
* The following #include is necessary on many Unixes but not Linux.
* It is not needed for Windows platforms.
* Uncomment it if needed.
*/
/* #include <unistd.h> */
#include "dictionary.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get number of sections in a dictionary
@param d Dictionary to examine
@return int Number of sections found in dictionary
This function returns the number of sections found in a dictionary.
The test to recognize sections is done on the string stored in the
dictionary: a section name is given as "section" whereas a key is
stored as "section:key", thus the test looks for entries that do not
contain a colon.
This clearly fails in the case a section name contains a colon, but
this should simply be avoided.
This function returns -1 in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getnsec(dictionary * d);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get name for section n in a dictionary.
@param d Dictionary to examine
@param n Section number (from 0 to nsec-1).
@return Pointer to char string
This function locates the n-th section in a dictionary and returns
its name as a pointer to a string statically allocated inside the
dictionary. Do not free or modify the returned string!
This function returns NULL in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * iniparser_getsecname(dictionary * d, int n);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Save a dictionary to a loadable ini file
@param d Dictionary to dump
@param f Opened file pointer to dump to
@return void
This function dumps a given dictionary into a loadable ini file.
It is Ok to specify @c stderr or @c stdout as output files.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_dump_ini(dictionary * d, FILE * f);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Save a dictionary section to a loadable ini file
@param d Dictionary to dump
@param s Section name of dictionary to dump
@param f Opened file pointer to dump to
@return void
This function dumps a given section of a given dictionary into a loadable ini
file. It is Ok to specify @c stderr or @c stdout as output files.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_dumpsection_ini(dictionary * d, char * s, FILE * f);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Dump a dictionary to an opened file pointer.
@param d Dictionary to dump.
@param f Opened file pointer to dump to.
@return void
This function prints out the contents of a dictionary, one element by
line, onto the provided file pointer. It is OK to specify @c stderr
or @c stdout as output files. This function is meant for debugging
purposes mostly.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_dump(dictionary * d, FILE * f);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the number of keys in a section of a dictionary.
@param d Dictionary to examine
@param s Section name of dictionary to examine
@return Number of keys in section
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getsecnkeys(dictionary * d, char * s);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the number of keys in a section of a dictionary.
@param d Dictionary to examine
@param s Section name of dictionary to examine
@return pointer to statically allocated character strings
This function queries a dictionary and finds all keys in a given section.
Each pointer in the returned char pointer-to-pointer is pointing to
a string allocated in the dictionary; do not free or modify them.
This function returns NULL in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char ** iniparser_getseckeys(dictionary * d, char * s);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the string associated to a key
@param d Dictionary to search
@param key Key string to look for
@param def Default value to return if key not found.
@return pointer to statically allocated character string
This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the pointer passed as 'def' is returned.
The returned char pointer is pointing to a string allocated in
the dictionary, do not free or modify it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * iniparser_getstring(dictionary * d, const char * key, char * def);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the string associated to a key, convert to an int
@param d Dictionary to search
@param key Key string to look for
@param notfound Value to return in case of error
@return integer
This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.
Supported values for integers include the usual C notation
so decimal, octal (starting with 0) and hexadecimal (starting with 0x)
are supported. Examples:
- "42" -> 42
- "042" -> 34 (octal -> decimal)
- "0x42" -> 66 (hexa -> decimal)
Warning: the conversion may overflow in various ways. Conversion is
totally outsourced to strtol(), see the associated man page for overflow
handling.
Credits: Thanks to A. Becker for suggesting strtol()
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getint(dictionary * d, const char * key, int notfound);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the string associated to a key, convert to a double
@param d Dictionary to search
@param key Key string to look for
@param notfound Value to return in case of error
@return double
This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
double iniparser_getdouble(dictionary * d, const char * key, double notfound);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the string associated to a key, convert to a boolean
@param d Dictionary to search
@param key Key string to look for
@param notfound Value to return in case of error
@return integer
This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.
A true boolean is found if one of the following is matched:
- A string starting with 'y'
- A string starting with 'Y'
- A string starting with 't'
- A string starting with 'T'
- A string starting with '1'
A false boolean is found if one of the following is matched:
- A string starting with 'n'
- A string starting with 'N'
- A string starting with 'f'
- A string starting with 'F'
- A string starting with '0'
The notfound value returned if no boolean is identified, does not
necessarily have to be 0 or 1.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getboolean(dictionary * d, const char * key, int notfound);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Set an entry in a dictionary.
@param ini Dictionary to modify.
@param entry Entry to modify (entry name)
@param val New value to associate to the entry.
@return int 0 if Ok, -1 otherwise.
If the given entry can be found in the dictionary, it is modified to
contain the provided value. If it cannot be found, -1 is returned.
It is Ok to set val to NULL.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_set(dictionary * ini, const char * entry, const char * val);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Delete an entry in a dictionary
@param ini Dictionary to modify
@param entry Entry to delete (entry name)
@return void
If the given entry can be found, it is deleted from the dictionary.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_unset(dictionary * ini, const char * entry);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Finds out if a given entry exists in a dictionary
@param ini Dictionary to search
@param entry Name of the entry to look for
@return integer 1 if entry exists, 0 otherwise
Finds out if a given entry exists in the dictionary. Since sections
are stored as keys with NULL associated values, this is the only way
of querying for the presence of sections in a dictionary.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_find_entry(dictionary * ini, const char * entry) ;
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Parse an ini file and return an allocated dictionary object
@param ininame Name of the ini file to read.
@return Pointer to newly allocated dictionary
This is the parser for ini files. This function is called, providing
the name of the file to be read. It returns a dictionary object that
should not be accessed directly, but through accessor functions
instead.
The returned dictionary must be freed using iniparser_freedict().
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
dictionary * iniparser_load(const char * ininame);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Free all memory associated to an ini dictionary
@param d Dictionary to free
@return void
Free all memory associated to an ini dictionary.
It is mandatory to call this function before the dictionary object
gets out of the current context.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_freedict(dictionary * d);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
iniparse.c
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@file iniparser.c
@author N. Devillard
@brief Parser for ini files.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------- Includes ------------------------------------*/
#include <ctype.h>
#include "iniparser.h"
/*---------------------------- Defines -------------------------------------*/
#define ASCIILINESZ (1024)
#define INI_INVALID_KEY ((char*)-1)
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Private to this module
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* This enum stores the status for each parsed line (internal use only).
*/
typedef enum _line_status_ {
LINE_UNPROCESSED,
LINE_ERROR,
LINE_EMPTY,
LINE_COMMENT,
LINE_SECTION,
LINE_VALUE
} line_status ;
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Convert a string to lowercase.
@param s String to convert.
This function modifies the string passed, the modified string
contains a lowercased version of the input string.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void strlwc(char * s)
{
int i ;
if (s==NULL) return;
i=0 ;
while (s[i]) {
s[i] = (char)tolower((int)s[i]);
i++ ;
}
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Remove blanks at the beginning and the end of a string.
@param s String to parse.
This function modifies the input string and returns a modified string
which is identical to the input string, except that all blank
characters at the end and the beg. of the string have been removed.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void strstrip(char * s)
{
if (s==NULL) return ;
char *last = s + strlen(s);
char *dest = s;
while (isspace((int)*s) && *s) s++;
while (last > s) {
if (!isspace((int)*(last-1)))
break ;
last -- ;
}
*last = (char)0;
memmove(dest, s, last - s + 1);
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get number of sections in a dictionary
@param d Dictionary to examine
@return int Number of sections found in dictionary
This function returns the number of sections found in a dictionary.
The test to recognize sections is done on the string stored in the
dictionary: a section name is given as "section" whereas a key is
stored as "section:key", thus the test looks for entries that do not
contain a colon.
This clearly fails in the case a section name contains a colon, but
this should simply be avoided.
This function returns -1 in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getnsec(dictionary * d)
{
int i ;
int nsec ;
if (d==NULL) return -1 ;
nsec=0 ;
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]==NULL)
continue ;
if (strchr(d->key[i], ':')==NULL) {
nsec ++ ;
}
}
return nsec ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get name for section n in a dictionary.
@param d Dictionary to examine
@param n Section number (from 0 to nsec-1).
@return Pointer to char string
This function locates the n-th section in a dictionary and returns
its name as a pointer to a string statically allocated inside the
dictionary. Do not free or modify the returned string!
This function returns NULL in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * iniparser_getsecname(dictionary * d, int n)
{
int i ;
int foundsec ;
if (d==NULL || n<0) return NULL ;
foundsec=0 ;
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]==NULL)
continue ;
if (strchr(d->key[i], ':')==NULL) {
foundsec++ ;
if (foundsec>n)
break ;
}
}
if (foundsec<=n) {
return NULL ;
}
return d->key[i] ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Dump a dictionary to an opened file pointer.
@param d Dictionary to dump.
@param f Opened file pointer to dump to.
@return void
This function prints out the contents of a dictionary, one element by
line, onto the provided file pointer. It is OK to specify @c stderr
or @c stdout as output files. This function is meant for debugging
purposes mostly.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_dump(dictionary * d, FILE * f)
{
int i ;
if (d==NULL || f==NULL) return ;
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]==NULL)
continue ;
if (d->val[i]!=NULL) {
fprintf(f, "[%s]=[%s]\n", d->key[i], d->val[i]);
} else {
fprintf(f, "[%s]=UNDEF\n", d->key[i]);
}
}
return ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Save a dictionary to a loadable ini file
@param d Dictionary to dump
@param f Opened file pointer to dump to
@return void
This function dumps a given dictionary into a loadable ini file.
It is Ok to specify @c stderr or @c stdout as output files.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_dump_ini(dictionary * d, FILE * f)
{
int i ;
int nsec ;
char * secname ;
if (d==NULL || f==NULL) return ;
nsec = iniparser_getnsec(d);
if (nsec<1) {
/* No section in file: dump all keys as they are */
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]==NULL)
continue ;
fprintf(f, "%s = %s\n", d->key[i], d->val[i]);
}
return ;
}
for (i=0 ; i<nsec ; i++) {
secname = iniparser_getsecname(d, i) ;
iniparser_dumpsection_ini(d, secname, f) ;
}
fprintf(f, "\n");
return ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Save a dictionary section to a loadable ini file
@param d Dictionary to dump
@param s Section name of dictionary to dump
@param f Opened file pointer to dump to
@return void
This function dumps a given section of a given dictionary into a loadable ini
file. It is Ok to specify @c stderr or @c stdout as output files.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_dumpsection_ini(dictionary * d, char * s, FILE * f)
{
int j ;
char *keym;
int secsize ;
if (d==NULL || f==NULL) return ;
if (! iniparser_find_entry(d, s)) return ;
fprintf(f, "\n[%s]\n", s);
secsize = (int)strlen(s) + 2;
keym = (char *)malloc(secsize);
snprintf(keym, secsize, "%s:", s);
for (j=0 ; j<d->size ; j++) {
if (d->key[j]==NULL)
continue ;
if (!strncmp(d->key[j], keym, secsize-1)) {
fprintf(f,
"%-30s = %s\n",
d->key[j]+secsize-1,
d->val[j] ? d->val[j] : "");
}
}
fprintf(f, "\n");
free(keym);
return ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the number of keys in a section of a dictionary.
@param d Dictionary to examine
@param s Section name of dictionary to examine
@return Number of keys in section
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getsecnkeys(dictionary * d, char * s)
{
int secsize, nkeys ;
char *keym;
int j ;
nkeys = 0;
if (d==NULL) return nkeys;
if (! iniparser_find_entry(d, s)) return nkeys;
secsize = (int)strlen(s)+2;
keym = (char *)malloc(secsize);
snprintf(keym, secsize, "%s:", s);
for (j=0 ; j<d->size ; j++) {
if (d->key[j]==NULL)
continue ;
if (!strncmp(d->key[j], keym, secsize-1))
nkeys++;
}
free(keym);
return nkeys;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the number of keys in a section of a dictionary.
@param d Dictionary to examine
@param s Section name of dictionary to examine
@return pointer to statically allocated character strings
This function queries a dictionary and finds all keys in a given section.
Each pointer in the returned char pointer-to-pointer is pointing to
a string allocated in the dictionary; do not free or modify them.
This function returns NULL in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char ** iniparser_getseckeys(dictionary * d, char * s)
{
char **keys;
int i, j ;
char *keym;
int secsize, nkeys ;
keys = NULL;
if (d==NULL) return keys;
if (! iniparser_find_entry(d, s)) return keys;
nkeys = iniparser_getsecnkeys(d, s);
keys = (char**) malloc(nkeys*sizeof(char*));
secsize = (int)strlen(s) + 2;
keym = (char *)malloc(secsize);
snprintf(keym, secsize, "%s:", s);
i = 0;
for (j=0 ; j<d->size ; j++) {
if (d->key[j]==NULL)
continue ;
if (!strncmp(d->key[j], keym, secsize-1)) {
keys[i] = d->key[j];
i++;
}
}
free(keym);
return keys;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the string associated to a key
@param d Dictionary to search
@param key Key string to look for
@param def Default value to return if key not found.
@return pointer to statically allocated character string
This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the pointer passed as 'def' is returned.
The returned char pointer is pointing to a string allocated in
the dictionary, do not free or modify it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * iniparser_getstring(dictionary * d, const char * key, char * def)
{
char * lc_key ;
char * sval ;
if (d==NULL || key==NULL)
return def ;
lc_key = xstrdup(key);
strlwc(lc_key);
sval = dictionary_get(d, lc_key, def);
free(lc_key);
return sval ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the string associated to a key, convert to an int
@param d Dictionary to search
@param key Key string to look for
@param notfound Value to return in case of error
@return integer
This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.
Supported values for integers include the usual C notation
so decimal, octal (starting with 0) and hexadecimal (starting with 0x)
are supported. Examples:
"42" -> 42
"042" -> 34 (octal -> decimal)
"0x42" -> 66 (hexa -> decimal)
Warning: the conversion may overflow in various ways. Conversion is
totally outsourced to strtol(), see the associated man page for overflow
handling.
Credits: Thanks to A. Becker for suggesting strtol()
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getint(dictionary * d, const char * key, int notfound)
{
char * str ;
str = iniparser_getstring(d, key, INI_INVALID_KEY);
if (str==INI_INVALID_KEY) return notfound ;
return (int)strtol(str, NULL, 0);
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the string associated to a key, convert to a double
@param d Dictionary to search
@param key Key string to look for
@param notfound Value to return in case of error
@return double
This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
double iniparser_getdouble(dictionary * d, const char * key, double notfound)
{
char * str ;
str = iniparser_getstring(d, key, INI_INVALID_KEY);
if (str==INI_INVALID_KEY) return notfound ;
return atof(str);
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get the string associated to a key, convert to a boolean
@param d Dictionary to search
@param key Key string to look for
@param notfound Value to return in case of error
@return integer
This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.
A true boolean is found if one of the following is matched:
- A string starting with 'y'
- A string starting with 'Y'
- A string starting with 't'
- A string starting with 'T'
- A string starting with '1'
A false boolean is found if one of the following is matched:
- A string starting with 'n'
- A string starting with 'N'
- A string starting with 'f'
- A string starting with 'F'
- A string starting with '0'
The notfound value returned if no boolean is identified, does not
necessarily have to be 0 or 1.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getboolean(dictionary * d, const char * key, int notfound)
{
char * c ;
int ret ;
c = iniparser_getstring(d, key, INI_INVALID_KEY);
if (c==INI_INVALID_KEY) return notfound ;
if (c[0]=='y' || c[0]=='Y' || c[0]=='1' || c[0]=='t' || c[0]=='T') {
ret = 1 ;
} else if (c[0]=='n' || c[0]=='N' || c[0]=='0' || c[0]=='f' || c[0]=='F') {
ret = 0 ;
} else {
ret = notfound ;
}
return ret;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Finds out if a given entry exists in a dictionary
@param ini Dictionary to search
@param entry Name of the entry to look for
@return integer 1 if entry exists, 0 otherwise
Finds out if a given entry exists in the dictionary. Since sections
are stored as keys with NULL associated values, this is the only way
of querying for the presence of sections in a dictionary.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_find_entry(
dictionary * ini,
const char * entry
)
{
int found=0 ;
if (iniparser_getstring(ini, entry, INI_INVALID_KEY)!=INI_INVALID_KEY) {
found = 1 ;
}
return found ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Set an entry in a dictionary.
@param ini Dictionary to modify.
@param entry Entry to modify (entry name)
@param val New value to associate to the entry.
@return int 0 if Ok, -1 otherwise.
If the given entry can be found in the dictionary, it is modified to
contain the provided value. If it cannot be found, -1 is returned.
It is Ok to set val to NULL.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_set(dictionary * ini, const char * entry, const char * val)
{
int result = 0;
char *lc_entry = xstrdup(entry);
strlwc(lc_entry);
result = dictionary_set(ini, lc_entry, val) ;
free(lc_entry);
return result;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Delete an entry in a dictionary
@param ini Dictionary to modify
@param entry Entry to delete (entry name)
@return void
If the given entry can be found, it is deleted from the dictionary.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_unset(dictionary * ini, const char * entry)
{
char* lc_entry = xstrdup(entry);
strlwc(lc_entry);
dictionary_unset(ini, lc_entry);
free(lc_entry);
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Load a single line from an INI file
@param input_line Input line, may be concatenated multi-line input
@param section Output space to store section
@param key Output space to store key
@param value Output space to store value
@return line_status value
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static line_status iniparser_line(
int line_size,
const char * input_line,
char ** section_out,
char ** key_out,
char ** value_out)
{
line_status sta ;
int len = line_size-1;
char * line = (char *)malloc(line_size);
char * key = NULL;
char * value = NULL;
char * equals = NULL;
if (!line) {
fprintf(stderr, "iniparser: memory alloc error\n");
return LINE_ERROR;
}
*line = 0;
strcpy(line, input_line);
strstrip(line);
len = (int)strlen(line);
/* only allocate necessary space for key & val */
equals = strchr(line, '=');
if (equals) {
value = (char *)malloc((len + line) - equals + 1);
key = (char *)malloc(equals - line + 1);
*value = 0;
} else {
key = (char *)malloc(line_size + 1);
}
if (!key || (equals && !value)) {
fprintf(stderr, "iniparser: memory alloc error\n");
sta = LINE_ERROR;
goto out;
}
*key = 0;
sta = LINE_UNPROCESSED ;
if (len<1) {
/* Empty line */
sta = LINE_EMPTY ;
} else if (line[0]=='#' || line[0]==';') {
/* Comment line */
sta = LINE_COMMENT ;
} else if (line[0]=='[' && line[len-1]==']') {
/* Section name */
sscanf(line, "[%[^]]", key);
strstrip(key);
strlwc(key);
sta = LINE_SECTION ;
*section_out=key;
/* don't free key's memory */
key = NULL;
} else if (equals && (sscanf (line, "%[^=] = \"%[^\"]\"", key, value) == 2
|| sscanf (line, "%[^=] = '%[^\']'", key, value) == 2
|| sscanf (line, "%[^=] = %[^;#]", key, value) == 2)) {
/* Usual key=value, with or without comments */
strstrip(key);
strlwc(key);
strstrip(value);
/*
* sscanf cannot handle '' or "" as empty values
* this is done here
*/
if (!strcmp(value, "\"\"") || (!strcmp(value, "''"))) {
value[0]=0 ;
}
*key_out = key;
*value_out = value;
key = NULL;
value = NULL;
sta = LINE_VALUE ;
} else if (equals && (sscanf(line, "%[^=] = %[;#]", key, value)==2
|| sscanf(line, "%[^=] %[=]", key, value) == 2)) {
/*
* Special cases:
* key=
* key=;
* key=#
*/
strstrip(key);
strlwc(key);
value[0]=0 ;
*key_out = key;
*value_out = value;
/* don't free out params key or val's memory */
key = NULL;
value = NULL;
sta = LINE_VALUE ;
} else {
/* Generate syntax error */
sta = LINE_ERROR ;
}
out:
if (line) {
free(line);
line = NULL;
}
if (key) {
free(key);
key = NULL;
}
if (value) {
free(value);
value= NULL;
}
return sta ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Parse an ini file and return an allocated dictionary object
@param ininame Name of the ini file to read.
@return Pointer to newly allocated dictionary
This is the parser for ini files. This function is called, providing
the name of the file to be read. It returns a dictionary object that
should not be accessed directly, but through accessor functions
instead.
The returned dictionary must be freed using iniparser_freedict().
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
dictionary * iniparser_load(const char * ininame)
{
FILE * in = NULL ;
char line [ASCIILINESZ+1] ;
char *section = xstrdup("");
char *current_section = NULL;
char *key = NULL;
char *val = NULL;
char* full_line = NULL;
char* prev_line = NULL;
int len ;
int lineno=0 ;
int errs=0;
int seckey_size=0;
dictionary * dict = NULL ;
if ((in=fopen(ininame, "r"))==NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "iniparser: cannot open %s\n", ininame);
goto out;
}
dict = dictionary_new(0) ;
if (!dict) {
goto out;
}
memset(line, 0, ASCIILINESZ);
while (fgets(line, ASCIILINESZ, in)!=NULL) {
int prev_line_len = 0;
int multi_line = 0;
int total_size = 0;
if (key) {
free(key);
key = NULL;
}
if (val) {
free(val);
val = NULL;
}
lineno++ ;
len = (int)strlen(line)-1;
if (len==0)
continue;
/* Safety check against buffer overflows */
if (line[len]!='\n' && !feof(in)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"iniparser: input line too long in %s (%d)\n",
ininame,
lineno);
errs++;
goto out;
}
/* Get rid of \n and spaces at end of line */
while ((len>=0) &&
((line[len]=='\n') || (isspace(line[len])))) {
line[len]=0 ;
len-- ;
}
if (len < 0) { /* Line was entirely \n and/or spaces */
len = 0;
}
/* Detect multi-line */
if (line[len]=='\\') {
multi_line = 1;
}
if (multi_line) {
/* Multi-line value */
/* length without trailing '\' */
/* remove multi-line indicator before appending*/
line[len] = 0;
len--;
}
/*
* If processing a multi-line then append it the previous portion,
* at this point 'full_line' has the previously read portion of a
* multi-line line (or NULL)
*/
prev_line = full_line;
prev_line_len=0;
if (prev_line) {
prev_line_len = strlen(prev_line);
}
/* len is not strlen(line) but strlen(line) -1 */
total_size = (len+1) + prev_line_len + 1;
full_line = (char *)malloc(total_size);
if (!full_line) {
fprintf(stderr,
"iniparser: out of mem\n");
errs++;
goto out;
}
memset(full_line, 0, total_size);
if (prev_line) {
strcpy(full_line, prev_line);
}
strcpy(full_line + prev_line_len, line);
free(prev_line);
prev_line = NULL;
if (multi_line) {
continue ;
}
switch (iniparser_line(total_size, full_line, ¤t_section, &key, &val)) {
case LINE_EMPTY:
case LINE_COMMENT:
break ;
case LINE_SECTION:
if (section) {
free(section);
section=NULL;
}
errs = dictionary_set(dict, current_section, NULL);
section = current_section;
break ;
case LINE_VALUE:
{
char *seckey;
/* section + ':' + key + eos */
seckey_size = strlen(section) + strlen(key) +2;
seckey = (char *)malloc(seckey_size);
if (!seckey) {
errs++;
fprintf(stderr,
"iniparser: out of mem\n");
goto out;
}
snprintf(seckey, seckey_size, "%s:%s", section, key);
errs = dictionary_set(dict, seckey, val) ;
free(seckey);
seckey = NULL;
}
break ;
case LINE_ERROR:
fprintf(stderr, "iniparser: syntax error in %s (%d):\n",
ininame,
lineno);
fprintf(stderr, "-> %s\n", full_line);
errs++ ;
break;
default:
break ;
}
memset(line, 0, ASCIILINESZ);
if (full_line) {
free(full_line);
full_line = NULL;
}
if (errs<0) {
fprintf(stderr, "iniparser: memory allocation failure\n");
break ;
}
}
out:
if (errs) {
dictionary_del(dict);
dict = NULL ;
}
if (val) {
free(val);
val = NULL;
}
if (key) {
free(key);
key = NULL;
}
if (section) {
free(section);
section = NULL;
}
if (full_line) {
free(full_line);
full_line = NULL;
}
if (prev_line) {
free(prev_line);
prev_line = NULL;
}
if (in) {
fclose(in);
}
return dict ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Free all memory associated to an ini dictionary
@param d Dictionary to free
@return void
Free all memory associated to an ini dictionary.
It is mandatory to call this function before the dictionary object
gets out of the current context.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_freedict(dictionary * d)
{
dictionary_del(d);
}
/* vim: set ts=4 et sw=4 tw=75 */
其中一些关键的函数在dictionary中实现。
dictionary.h
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@file dictionary.h
@author N. Devillard
@brief Implements a dictionary for string variables.
This module implements a simple dictionary object, i.e. a list
of string/string associations. This object is useful to store e.g.
informations retrieved from a configuration file (ini files).
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef DICTIONARY_H
#define DICTIONARY_H
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Includes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
New types
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Dictionary object
This object contains a list of string/string associations. Each
association is identified by a unique string key. Looking up values
in the dictionary is speeded up by the use of a (hopefully collision-free)
hash function.
*/
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
typedef struct _dictionary_ {
int n ; /** Number of entries in dictionary */
int size ; /** Storage size */
char ** val ; /** List of string values */
char ** key ; /** List of string keys */
unsigned * hash ; /** List of hash values for keys */
} dictionary ;
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function prototypes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Compute the hash key for a string.
@param key Character string to use for key.
@return 1 unsigned int on at least 32 bits.
This hash function has been taken from an Article in Dr Dobbs Journal.
This is normally a collision-free function, distributing keys evenly.
The key is stored anyway in the struct so that collision can be avoided
by comparing the key itself in last resort.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
unsigned dictionary_hash(const char * key);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Create a new dictionary object.
@param size Optional initial size of the dictionary.
@return 1 newly allocated dictionary objet.
This function allocates a new dictionary object of given size and returns
it. If you do not know in advance (roughly) the number of entries in the
dictionary, give size=0.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
dictionary * dictionary_new(size_t size);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Delete a dictionary object
@param d dictionary object to deallocate.
@return void
Deallocate a dictionary object and all memory associated to it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void dictionary_del(dictionary * vd);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get a value from a dictionary.
@param d dictionary object to search.
@param key Key to look for in the dictionary.
@param def Default value to return if key not found.
@return 1 pointer to internally allocated character string.
This function locates a key in a dictionary and returns a pointer to its
value, or the passed 'def' pointer if no such key can be found in
dictionary. The returned character pointer points to data internal to the
dictionary object, you should not try to free it or modify it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * dictionary_get(dictionary * d, const char * key, char * def);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Set a value in a dictionary.
@param d dictionary object to modify.
@param key Key to modify or add.
@param val Value to add.
@return int 0 if Ok, anything else otherwise
If the given key is found in the dictionary, the associated value is
replaced by the provided one. If the key cannot be found in the
dictionary, it is added to it.
It is Ok to provide a NULL value for val, but NULL values for the dictionary
or the key are considered as errors: the function will return immediately
in such a case.
Notice that if you dictionary_set a variable to NULL, a call to
dictionary_get will return a NULL value: the variable will be found, and
its value (NULL) is returned. In other words, setting the variable
content to NULL is equivalent to deleting the variable from the
dictionary. It is not possible (in this implementation) to have a key in
the dictionary without value.
This function returns non-zero in case of failure.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int dictionary_set(dictionary * vd, const char * key, const char * val);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Delete a key in a dictionary
@param d dictionary object to modify.
@param key Key to remove.
@return void
This function deletes a key in a dictionary. Nothing is done if the
key cannot be found.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void dictionary_unset(dictionary * d, const char * key);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Dump a dictionary to an opened file pointer.
@param d Dictionary to dump
@param f Opened file pointer.
@return void
Dumps a dictionary onto an opened file pointer. Key pairs are printed out
as @c [Key]=[Value], one per line. It is Ok to provide stdout or stderr as
output file pointers.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void dictionary_dump(dictionary * d, FILE * out);
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Duplicate a string
@param s String to duplicate
@return Pointer to a newly allocated string, to be freed with free()
This is a replacement for strdup(). This implementation is provided
for systems that do not have it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * xstrdup(const char * s);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
dictionary.c
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@file dictionary.c
@author N. Devillard
@brief Implements a dictionary for string variables.
This module implements a simple dictionary object, i.e. a list
of string/string associations. This object is useful to store e.g.
informations retrieved from a configuration file (ini files).
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Includes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "dictionary.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
/** Maximum value size for integers and doubles. */
#define MAXVALSZ 1024
/** Minimal allocated number of entries in a dictionary */
#define DICTMINSZ 128
/** Invalid key token */
#define DICT_INVALID_KEY ((char*)-1)
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Private functions
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Doubles the allocated size associated to a pointer */
/* 'size' is the current allocated size. */
static void * mem_double(void * ptr, size_t size)
{
void * newptr ;
newptr = calloc(2*size, 1);
if (newptr==NULL) {
return NULL ;
}
memcpy(newptr, ptr, size);
free(ptr);
return newptr ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Duplicate a string
@param s String to duplicate
@return Pointer to a newly allocated string, to be freed with free()
This is a replacement for strdup(). This implementation is provided
for systems that do not have it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * xstrdup(const char * s)
{
char * t ;
size_t len ;
if (!s)
return NULL ;
len = strlen(s) + 1 ;
t = (char *)malloc(len) ;
if (t) {
memcpy(t, s, len) ;
}
return t ;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Function codes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Compute the hash key for a string.
@param key Character string to use for key.
@return 1 unsigned int on at least 32 bits.
This hash function has been taken from an Article in Dr Dobbs Journal.
This is normally a collision-free function, distributing keys evenly.
The key is stored anyway in the struct so that collision can be avoided
by comparing the key itself in last resort.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
unsigned dictionary_hash(const char * key)
{
size_t len ;
unsigned hash ;
size_t i ;
len = strlen(key);
for (hash=0, i=0 ; i<len ; i++) {
hash += (unsigned)key[i] ;
hash += (hash<<10);
hash ^= (hash>>6) ;
}
hash += (hash <<3);
hash ^= (hash >>11);
hash += (hash <<15);
return hash ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Create a new dictionary object.
@param size Optional initial size of the dictionary.
@return 1 newly allocated dictionary objet.
This function allocates a new dictionary object of given size and returns
it. If you do not know in advance (roughly) the number of entries in the
dictionary, give size=0.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
dictionary * dictionary_new(size_t size)
{
dictionary * d ;
/* If no size was specified, allocate space for DICTMINSZ */
if (size<DICTMINSZ) size=DICTMINSZ ;
d = (dictionary *)calloc(1, sizeof *d) ;
if (d) {
d->size = size ;
d->val = (char **)calloc(size, sizeof *d->val);
d->key = (char **)calloc(size, sizeof *d->key);
d->hash = (unsigned int *)calloc(size, sizeof *d->hash);
}
return d ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Delete a dictionary object
@param d dictionary object to deallocate.
@return void
Deallocate a dictionary object and all memory associated to it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void dictionary_del(dictionary * d)
{
int i ;
if (d==NULL) return ;
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]!=NULL)
free(d->key[i]);
if (d->val[i]!=NULL)
free(d->val[i]);
}
free(d->val);
free(d->key);
free(d->hash);
free(d);
return ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Get a value from a dictionary.
@param d dictionary object to search.
@param key Key to look for in the dictionary.
@param def Default value to return if key not found.
@return 1 pointer to internally allocated character string.
This function locates a key in a dictionary and returns a pointer to its
value, or the passed 'def' pointer if no such key can be found in
dictionary. The returned character pointer points to data internal to the
dictionary object, you should not try to free it or modify it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * dictionary_get(dictionary * d, const char * key, char * def)
{
unsigned hash ;
int i ;
hash = dictionary_hash(key);
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]==NULL)
continue ;
/* Compare hash */
if (hash==d->hash[i]) {
/* Compare string, to avoid hash collisions */
if (!strcmp(key, d->key[i])) {
return d->val[i] ;
}
}
}
return def ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Set a value in a dictionary.
@param d dictionary object to modify.
@param key Key to modify or add.
@param val Value to add.
@return int 0 if Ok, anything else otherwise
If the given key is found in the dictionary, the associated value is
replaced by the provided one. If the key cannot be found in the
dictionary, it is added to it.
It is Ok to provide a NULL value for val, but NULL values for the dictionary
or the key are considered as errors: the function will return immediately
in such a case.
Notice that if you dictionary_set a variable to NULL, a call to
dictionary_get will return a NULL value: the variable will be found, and
its value (NULL) is returned. In other words, setting the variable
content to NULL is equivalent to deleting the variable from the
dictionary. It is not possible (in this implementation) to have a key in
the dictionary without value.
This function returns non-zero in case of failure.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int dictionary_set(dictionary * d, const char * key, const char * val)
{
int i ;
unsigned hash ;
if (d==NULL || key==NULL) return -1 ;
/* Compute hash for this key */
hash = dictionary_hash(key) ;
/* Find if value is already in dictionary */
if (d->n>0) {
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]==NULL)
continue ;
if (hash==d->hash[i]) { /* Same hash value */
if (!strcmp(key, d->key[i])) { /* Same key */
/* Found a value: modify and return */
if (d->val[i]!=NULL)
free(d->val[i]);
d->val[i] = val ? xstrdup(val) : NULL ;
/* Value has been modified: return */
return 0 ;
}
}
}
}
/* Add a new value */
/* See if dictionary needs to grow */
if (d->n==d->size) {
/* Reached maximum size: reallocate dictionary */
d->val = (char **)mem_double(d->val, d->size * sizeof *d->val) ;
d->key = (char **)mem_double(d->key, d->size * sizeof *d->key) ;
d->hash = (unsigned int *)mem_double(d->hash, d->size * sizeof *d->hash) ;
if ((d->val==NULL) || (d->key==NULL) || (d->hash==NULL)) {
/* Cannot grow dictionary */
return -1 ;
}
/* Double size */
d->size *= 2 ;
}
/* Insert key in the first empty slot. Start at d->n and wrap at
d->size. Because d->n < d->size this will necessarily
terminate. */
for (i=d->n ; d->key[i] ; ) {
if(++i == d->size) i = 0;
}
/* Copy key */
d->key[i] = xstrdup(key);
d->val[i] = val ? xstrdup(val) : NULL ;
d->hash[i] = hash;
d->n ++ ;
return 0 ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Delete a key in a dictionary
@param d dictionary object to modify.
@param key Key to remove.
@return void
This function deletes a key in a dictionary. Nothing is done if the
key cannot be found.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void dictionary_unset(dictionary * d, const char * key)
{
unsigned hash ;
int i ;
if (key == NULL) {
return;
}
hash = dictionary_hash(key);
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]==NULL)
continue ;
/* Compare hash */
if (hash==d->hash[i]) {
/* Compare string, to avoid hash collisions */
if (!strcmp(key, d->key[i])) {
/* Found key */
break ;
}
}
}
if (i>=d->size)
/* Key not found */
return ;
free(d->key[i]);
d->key[i] = NULL ;
if (d->val[i]!=NULL) {
free(d->val[i]);
d->val[i] = NULL ;
}
d->hash[i] = 0 ;
d->n -- ;
return ;
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief Dump a dictionary to an opened file pointer.
@param d Dictionary to dump
@param f Opened file pointer.
@return void
Dumps a dictionary onto an opened file pointer. Key pairs are printed out
as @c [Key]=[Value], one per line. It is Ok to provide stdout or stderr as
output file pointers.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void dictionary_dump(dictionary * d, FILE * out)
{
int i ;
if (d==NULL || out==NULL) return ;
if (d->n<1) {
fprintf(out, "empty dictionary\n");
return ;
}
for (i=0 ; i<d->size ; i++) {
if (d->key[i]) {
fprintf(out, "%20s\t[%s]\n",
d->key[i],
d->val[i] ? d->val[i] : "UNDEF");
}
}
return ;
}
/* Test code */
#ifdef TESTDIC
#define NVALS 20000
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
dictionary * d ;
char * val ;
int i ;
char cval[90] ;
/* Allocate dictionary */
printf("allocating...\n");
d = dictionary_new(0);
/* Set values in dictionary */
printf("setting %d values...\n", NVALS);
for (i=0 ; i<NVALS ; i++) {
sprintf(cval, "%04d", i);
dictionary_set(d, cval, "salut");
}
printf("getting %d values...\n", NVALS);
for (i=0 ; i<NVALS ; i++) {
sprintf(cval, "%04d", i);
val = dictionary_get(d, cval, DICT_INVALID_KEY);
if (val==DICT_INVALID_KEY) {
printf("cannot get value for key [%s]\n", cval);
}
}
printf("unsetting %d values...\n", NVALS);
for (i=0 ; i<NVALS ; i++) {
sprintf(cval, "%04d", i);
dictionary_unset(d, cval);
}
if (d->n != 0) {
printf("error deleting values\n");
}
printf("deallocating...\n");
dictionary_del(d);
return 0 ;
}
#endif
/* vim: set ts=4 et sw=4 tw=75 */
四、尝试解析上述的Config.ini文件
#include <stdio.h>
#include "iniparser.h"
#define CONFIG_NAME "Config.ini"
void Create_Default_InI_File(void)
{
FILE *Default_ini = NULL ;
Default_ini = fopen(CONFIG_NAME,"w");
fprintf(Default_ini,
"[Setting]\n"
"INIT_FLAG=0;\n"
"VOLUME=1;\n"
"LANGUAGE=1;\n"
);
fclose(Default_ini);
}
int main(void)
{
int Init_flag ;
int Volume_flag ;
int English_flag ;
/*1、创建一个默认的Config.ini文件*/
Create_Default_InI_File();
/*2、解析Config.ini文件获得参数*/
dictionary *Config_ini = NULL;
Config_ini = iniparser_load(CONFIG_NAME);
if(NULL == Config_ini)
{
printf("cannot parse %s file\n",CONFIG_NAME);
return -1 ;
}
iniparser_dump(Config_ini,stderr);
Init_flag = iniparser_getint(Config_ini,"Setting:INIT_FLAG",-1);
Volume_flag = iniparser_getint(Config_ini,"Setting:VOLUME",-1);
English_flag = iniparser_getint(Config_ini,"Setting:LANGUAGE",-1);
printf("Init_flag:%d\n",Init_flag);
printf("Volume_flag:%d\n",Volume_flag);
printf("English_flag:%d\n",English_flag);
iniparser_set(Config_ini,"Setting:INIT_FLAG","1");
Init_flag = iniparser_getint(Config_ini,"Setting:INIT_FLAG",-1);
Volume_flag = iniparser_getint(Config_ini,"Setting:VOLUME",-1);
English_flag = iniparser_getint(Config_ini,"Setting:LANGUAGE",-1);
printf("Init_flag:%d\n",Init_flag);
printf("Volume_flag:%d\n",Volume_flag);
printf("English_flag:%d\n",English_flag);
iniparser_freedict(Config_ini);
return 0;
}
运行结果:
注意，如果要将iniparse库移植到单片机上时，要注意堆栈大小，因为在加载ini文件的时候，默认大小是1024个字节，如果单片机上的栈没有那么大的时候，我们要根据ini配置文件的大小去调节这个大小。
