Git 使用源代码包编译、配置部署和使用 && 使用包管理工具安装

目录准备

使用普通用户执行一下即可。如wuyujin。(新建用户命令：useradd wuyujin)

• 下载 wget https://codeload.github.com/git/git/zip/master
  更多版本见https://github.com/git/git
  安装文档见https://github.com/git/git/blob/master/INSTALL
• 解压 unzip git-master.zip
• 进入目录 cd cd git-master/

编译安装

• 编译 make prefix=/usr all doc info
  加的参数是为了全局安装，而非只为当前用户安装。
  • 报错：fatal error: openssl/ssl.h: No such file or directory
    安装libssl-dev
  • 报错：fatal error: zlib.h: No such file or directory
    安装zlib1g-dev
  • 报错：fatal error: curl/curl.h: No such file or directory
    安装libcurl4-gnutls-dev
  • 报错：fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory
    安装libexpat1-dev

重新执行make prefix=/usr all doc info，输出如下：

wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
    SUBDIR git-gui
    SUBDIR gitk-git
    SUBDIR templates
make -C Documentation all
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/wuyujin/Downloads/git-master/Documentation'
make[2]: Entering directory '/home/wuyujin/Downloads/git-master'
make[2]: 'GIT-VERSION-FILE' is up to date.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/wuyujin/Downloads/git-master'
    ASCIIDOC git-merge-index.html
/bin/sh: 2: asciidoc: Permission denied
Makefile:363: recipe for target 'git-merge-index.html' failed
make[1]: *** [git-merge-index.html] Error 127
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/wuyujin/Downloads/git-master/Documentation'
Makefile:2503: recipe for target 'doc' failed
make: *** [doc] Error 2
wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$

还是有两个Error。

Makefile:363: recipe for target ‘git-merge-index.html’ failed
Makefile:2503: recipe for target ‘doc’ failed

不过要用的可执行程序大都已经有了。先用起来。等遇到问题再排查解决。

wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$ which git
/usr/bin/git
wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$ ll /usr/bin | grep git
-rwxr-xr-x 130 root root    17501168 2月   9 15:36 git*
-rwxr-xr-x   2 root root      162733 2月   9 15:36 git-cvsserver*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root      353477 2月   9 15:36 gitk*
-rwxr-xr-x 130 root root    17501168 2月   9 15:36 git-receive-pack*
-rwxr-xr-x   2 root root    10346728 2月   9 15:36 git-shell*
-rwxr-xr-x 130 root root    17501168 2月   9 15:36 git-upload-archive*
-rwxr-xr-x 130 root root    17501168 2月   9 15:36 git-upload-pack*
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root       14200 4月  23  2016 sgitopnm*
wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads/git-master$

• 安装 make install

使用测试

• 测试 git clone https://github.com/qin-ziqi/Chrome-SetupVPN-3.7.0.git SetupVPN是一个浏览器插件，可用于**。
• 查看下载内容 ll Chrome-SetupVPN-3.7.0/

wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads$ ll Chrome-SetupVPN-3.7.0/
total 48
drwxr-xr-x 9 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 ./
drwxr-xr-x 8 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 ../
drwxr-xr-x 3 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 assets/
drwxr-xr-x 2 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 fonts/
drwxr-xr-x 8 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 .git/
drwxr-xr-x 3 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 images/
drwxr-xr-x 2 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 js/
-rw-r--r-- 1 wuyujin wuyujin  763 2月   9 19:08 manifest.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 wuyujin wuyujin  263 2月   9 19:08 popup.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 wuyujin wuyujin  981 2月   9 19:08 README.md
drwxr-xr-x 2 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 styles/
drwxr-xr-x 2 wuyujin wuyujin 4096 2月   9 19:08 views/
wuyujin@ubuntu18:~/Downloads$

• 更多git命令见官网

使用包管理工具安装、卸载、查询安装位置

• 安装

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:git-core/ppa	# 添加源
sudo apt update			# 更新源
sudo apt install git	# 安装git

• 卸载 sudo apt-get remove git --purge
• 查询安装位置 dpkg -L git
• 查询常用命令的位置 which git

wuyujin@ubuntu18:~$ which git
/usr/bin/git
wuyujin@ubuntu18:~$ ll /usr/bin | grep git
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root     3068336 1月  14 14:44 git*
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           3 1月  14 14:44 git-receive-pack -> git*
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root     1752640 1月  14 14:44 git-shell*
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           3 1月  14 14:44 git-upload-archive -> git*
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root           3 1月  14 14:44 git-upload-pack -> git*
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root       14200 4月  23  2016 sgitopnm*
wuyujin@ubuntu18:~$