sqlzoo第六关The JOIN operation

第六关 The JOIN operation

  • 欧洲国家杯数据库表

表1 赛事表(game)

id(编号) mdate(日期) stadium(场馆) team1(队伍1) team2(队伍2)
1001 8 June 2012 National Stadium, Warsaw POL GRE
1002 8 June 2012 Stadion Miejski (Wroclaw) RUS CZE
1003 12 June 2012 Stadion Miejski (Wroclaw) GRE CZE

表2 进球表(goal)

matchid(赛事编号) teamid(队伍编号) player(入球球员) gtime(入球时间)
1001 POL Robert Lewandowski 17
1001 GRE Dimitris Salpingidis 51
1002 RUS Alan Dzagoev 15

表3 欧洲队伍表(eteam)

id(编号) teamname(队伍) coach(教练))
POL Poland Franciszek Smuda
RUS Russia Dick Advocaat
CZE Czech Republic Michal Bilek
6.1题目及答案
  1. 第一個例子列出球員姓氏為’Bender’的入球數據。 * 表示列出表格的全部欄位,簡化了寫matchid, teamid, player, gtime語句。
    修改此SQL以列出 賽事編號matchid 和球員名 player ,該球員代表德國隊Germany入球的。要找出德國隊球員,要檢查: teamid = ‘GER’
SELECT matchid,player FROM goal 
	WHERE teamid = 'GER'
  1. 由以上查詢,你可見Lars Bender’s 於賽事 1012入球。.現在我們想知道此賽事的對賽隊伍是哪一隊。
    留意在 goal 表格中的欄位 matchid ,是對應表格game的欄位id。我們可以在表格 game中找出賽事1012的資料。
    只顯示賽事1012的 id, stadium, team1, team2
SELECT id,stadium,team1,team2
	FROM game where id = 1012
  1. 我們可以利用JOIN來同時進行以上兩個步驟。
    SELECT * FROM game JOIN goal ON (id=matchid)
    語句FROM 表示合拼兩個表格game 和 goal的數據。語句 ON 表示如何找出 game中每一列應該配對goal中的哪一列 – goal的 id 必須配對game的 matchid 。 簡單來說,就是
    ON (game.id=goal.matchid)
    以下SQL列出每個入球的球員(來自goal表格)和場館名(來自game表格)
    修改它來顯示每一個德國入球的球員名,隊伍名,場館和日期。
SELECT player,teamid,stadium,mdate
	FROM game JOIN goal ON teamid = 'GER' and id = matchid
  1. 使用上題相同的 JOIN語句,
    列出球員名字叫Mario (player LIKE ‘Mario%’)有入球的 隊伍1 team1, 隊伍2 team2 和 球員名 player
select team1,team2,player 
	from game join goal on player like 'Mario%' and id = matchid
  1. 表格eteam 貯存了每一國家隊的資料,包括教練。你可以使用語句 goal JOIN eteam on teamid=id來合拼 JOIN 表格goal 到 表格eteam。
    列出每場球賽中首10分鐘gtime<=10有入球的球員 player, 隊伍teamid, 教練coach, 入球時間gtime
SELECT player, teamid,coach,gtime
	FROM goal join eteam on  gtime<=10 and teamid = id
  1. 要合拼JOIN 表格game 和表格 eteam,你可以使用
    game JOIN eteam ON (team1=eteam.id)

    game JOIN eteam ON (team2=eteam.id)
    注意欄位id同時是表格game 和表格 eteam的欄位,你要清楚指出eteam.id而不是只用id
    列出’Fernando Santos’作為隊伍1 team1 的教練的賽事日期,和隊伍名
select mdate,teamname 
	from eteam join game on coach = 'Fernando Santos' and team1 = eteam.id
  1. 列出場館 'National Stadium, Warsaw’的入球球員。
select player 
	from goal join game 
	on stadium = 'National Stadium, Warsaw' and id = matchid
  • 困难的题目
  1. 以下例子找出德國-希臘Germany-Greece 的八強賽事的入球
    修改它,只列出全部賽事,射入德國龍門的球員名字。
    HINT
    找非德國球員的入球,德國可以在賽事中作team1 隊伍1(主)或team2隊伍2(客)。 你可以用teamid!=‘GER’ 來防止列出德國球員。 你可以用DISTINCT來防止球員出現兩次以上。
SELECT distinct player
	FROM goal JOIN game ON team1 ='GER' or team2 = 'GER' 
	WHERE (matchid = id and teamid != 'ger')
  1. 列出隊伍名稱 teamname 和該隊入球總數
SELECT teamname, count(player) as c
	FROM eteam JOIN goal ON id=teamid
	group BY teamname 
  1. 列出場館名和在該場館的入球數字。
select stadium ,count(player) 
	from game join goal on id = matchid group by stadium
  1. 每一場波蘭’POL’有參與的賽事中,列出賽事編號 matchid, 日期date 和入球數字。
SELECT matchid,mdate,count(player)
	FROM goal  JOIN game ON matchid = id 
	WHERE (team1 = 'POL' OR team2 = 'POL') group by matchid , mdate
  • 两表连接后,除聚合函数之外的字段,group by 中都要列出
  1. 每一場德國’GER’有參與的賽事中,列出賽事編號 matchid, 日期date 和德國的入球數字。
select matchid,mdate,count(player) 
	from goal join game on id = matchid and teamid = 'ger' 
	where team1='ger' or team2 = 'ger' group by matchid,mdate
  1. List every match with the goals scored by each team as shown. This will use “CASE WHEN” which has not been explained in any previous exercises.
    mdate team1 score1 team2 score2
    1 July 2012 ESP 4 ITA 0
    10 June 2012 ESP 1 ITA 1
    10 June 2012 IRL 1 CRO 3
    Notice in the query given every goal is listed. If it was a team1 goal then a 1 appears in score1, otherwise there is a 0. You could SUM this column to get a count of the goals scored by team1. Sort your result by mdate, matchid, team1 and team2.
SELECT mdate,
	team1,
	sum(CASE WHEN teamid=team1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) score1,
	team2,
	sum(CASE WHEN teamid=team2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )score2
	FROM game JOIN goal ON matchid = id 
	group by mdate,matchid,team1,team2
	ORDER BY mdate
  • 查出来的结果跟原答案有一点出入,还未知是什么原因
6.2 总结
函数 用法说明
join on 把来自两个或多个表的行结合起来,基于这些表之间的共同字段。简单地说,就是先确定一个主表作为结果集,然后把其他表的行有选择性地“连接”在主表结果集上。格式:表名1 join 表名2 on 条件
  • on和where条件的区别如下:
  1. on条件是在生成临时表时使用的条件,会返回on中的条件为真的记录。
  2. where条件是在临时表生成好后,再对临时表进行过滤的条件。
发布了33 篇原创文章 · 获赞 1 · 访问量 1432

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/smileKutper/article/details/103772356