SpringMVC写第一个程序HelloSpringMVC

SpringMVC也就是把我们之前的MVC架构用Spring封装了一下，其核心在Controller，首先我们实现springframework提供的Controller接口写一个HelloController类，重写handleRequest方法，也就是处理请求的意思，里面有两个参数，分别是request和response，其实其本质还是Servlet，只是进行了封装

这是目录结构

首先导入pom.xml依赖jar包和写一个HelloController类

<dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

package com.zhiying.controller;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class HelloController implements Controller {
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
//        模型和试图
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
//        封装对象
        mv.addObject("msg","Hello SpringMVC");
//        封装要跳转的试图
        mv.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp");
        return mv;
    }
}

接下来我们写一个View层的jsp文件，hello.jsp，把它放到WEB-INF下的jsp包下

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2020/1/15
  Time: 10:24
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>

然后就是配置文件了srpingmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!--    视图解析器DispatcherServlet给他的ModelAndView-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver"/>

<!--    Handler-->
    <bean id="/hello" class="com.zhiying.controller.HelloController"/>
</beans>

还有一个是web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
<!--    注册DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--        关联一个springmvc的配置文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:srpingmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
<!--        启动级别-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

<!--    / 匹配所有的请求，不包括.jsp-->
<!--   /* 匹配所有的请求，包括.jsp -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

在这里需要注意一下lib，可能不存在，你需要自己新建一个lib包，并把依赖添加进去，这个界面可以通过Ctrl+Alt+Shift+s进去

然后运行Tomcat即可

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