Spring框架(十三)：spring的声明式事务控制

一、spring事务控制的API

1、PlatformTransactionManager

1.1、作用：提供了常用的操作事务的方法。

1.2、常用方法：

TransactionStatus getTransaction(TransactionDefinition definition)：获取事务状态信息
void commit(TransactionStatus status)：提交事务
void rollback(TransactionStatus status)：回滚事务

2、TransactionDefinition

2.1、作用：提供事务定义信息

2.2、常用方法：

String getName()：获取事务对象名称
int getPropagationBehavior()：获取事务传播行为
int getIsolationLevel()：获取事务隔离级别
int getTimeout()：获取事务超时时间
boolean isReadOnly()：获取事务是否只读

3、TransactionStatus

3.1、作用：提供的是事务具体的运行状态

3.2、常用方法：

boolean isNewTransaction()：获取事务是否为新的事务
boolean hasSavepoint()：获取是否存在储点
void setRollbackOnly()：设置事务回滚
boolean isRollbackOnly()：获取事务是否回滚
boolean isCompleted()：获取事务是否完成
void flush()：刷新事务

二、基于xml的声明式事务控制

1、创建maven项目并导入jar包的坐标

2、在domain包下创建账户实体类Account

package com.wedu.spring13.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 账户实体
 */
public class Account implements Serializable{

    private Integer id;
    private Integer uid;
    private Double money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getUid() {
        return uid;
    }

    public void setUid(Integer uid) {
        this.uid = uid;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", uid=" + uid +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

3、在dao包下创建持久层接口IAccountDao并添加方法

package com.wedu.spring13.dao;

import com.wedu.spring13.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户持久层接口
 */
public interface IAccountDao {

    /**
     * 查询所有账户
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();


    /**
     * 修改账户
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 根据id查询账户
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer id);
}

4、在dao包下创建持久层接口的实现类AccountDaoImpl并实现方法

package com.wedu.spring13.dao.impl;

import com.wedu.spring13.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.wedu.spring13.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户持久层接口实现
 */
public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements IAccountDao {

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        return super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class));
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        super.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set money=? where id=?",account.getMoney(),account.getId());
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer id) {
        List<Account> accounts = super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),id);
        return accounts.isEmpty()? null : accounts.get(0);
    }
}

5、在service包下创建业务层接口IAccountService并添加方法

package com.wedu.spring13.service;

import com.wedu.spring13.domain.Account;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户业务层接口
 */
public interface IAccountService {

    /**
     * 查询所有账户
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();


    /**
     * 修改账户
     * @param account
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);

    /**
     * 根据id查询账户
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer id);

    /**
     * 转账业务
     * @param sourceId 转出账户
     * @param targetId 转入账户
     * @param money 转账金额
     */
    void transfer(Integer sourceId, Integer targetId, Double money);
}

6、在service包下创建业务层接口的实现类AccountServiceImpl并实现方法

package com.wedu.spring13.service.impl;

import com.wedu.spring13.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.wedu.spring13.domain.Account;
import com.wedu.spring13.service.IAccountService;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户业务层接口实现
 */
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {

    private IAccountDao accountDao;

    public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        return accountDao.findAllAccount();
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.updateAccount(account);
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer id) {
        return accountDao.findAccountById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public void transfer(Integer sourceId, Integer targetId, Double money) {
        //1、根据id查询转出账户
        Account source = accountDao.findAccountById(sourceId);
        //2、根据id查询转入账户
        Account target = accountDao.findAccountById(targetId);
        //3、设置转出金额
        source.setMoney(source.getMoney() - money);
        //4、设置转入金额
        target.setMoney(target.getMoney() + money);
        //5、更新转出账户
        accountDao.updateAccount(source);

        //int i = 1/0;

        //6、更新转入账户
        accountDao.updateAccount(target);
    }
}

7、在resources下创建配置文件bean.xml并配置spring ioc和aop及事务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--配置service-->
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.wedu.spring13.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置dao-->
    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.wedu.spring13.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置事务通知-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--配置事务的属性-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
            <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--配置aop-->
    <aop:config>
        <!-- 配置切入点表达式-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pt1" expression="execution(* com.wedu.spring13.service.impl.*.*(..))"/>
        <!--建立切入点表达式和事务通知的对应关系 -->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt1"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

8、在测试模块中创建测试类AccountServiceTest并编写转账业务测试方法

package com.wedu.spring13.service;

import com.wedu.spring13.domain.Account;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 基于xml的spring声明式事务控制测试
 */
public class AccountServiceTest {

    private IAccountService accountService;

    @Before
    public void init() {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        accountService = ac.getBean("accountService", IAccountService.class);
    }

    /**
     * 查询所有账户
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindAllAccount() {
        List<Account> accounts = accountService.findAllAccount();
        for (Account account : accounts) {
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 转账
     */
    @Test
    public void testTransfer() {
        accountService.transfer(1,2,100d);
    }
}

三、基于注解的声明式事务控制