一、maven的依赖管理
在maven的管理体系中,各个项目组成了一个复杂的关系网,但是每个项目都是平等的,每个项目从理论上来说都可以相互依赖。项目的依赖关系主要分为三种:依赖,继承,聚合。
1、依赖关系
依赖关系是最常用的一种,就是你的项目需要依赖其他项目,maven认为,程序对外部的依赖会随着程序的所处阶段和应用场景而变化,所以maven中的依赖关系有作用域(scope)的限制。
直接依赖:项目中直接导入的jar包,就是该项目的直接依赖包。
传递依赖:项目中没有直接导入的jar包,可以通过项目直接依赖jar包传递到项目中去。
2、继承关系
项目之间存在上下级关系时就属于继承关系,避免重复,让项目更加安全。
3、聚合关系
软件不断优化,会越来越复杂,于是就有了分层架构、分模块开发,来提高代码的清晰和重用。maven的多模块管理也是非常强大的。一般来说,maven要求同一个工程的所有模块都放置到同一个目录下,每一个子目录代表一个模块。
下面演示一个多模块项目的构建。
二、maven子父工程的创建和使用
1、创建父工程maven_module_ssm,子工程maven_module_dao、maven_module_service、maven_module_web,在父工程pom.xml文件中导入相关信息
<!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
<shiro.version>1.2.3</shiro.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.40</mysql.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
<spring.security.version>5.0.1.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
</properties>
<!-- 锁定jar包版本 -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<!-- 项目依赖jar包 -->
<dependencies>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>5.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- 添加tomcat7插件 -->
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<!-- 设置远程仓库的信息 -->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>alimaven</id>
<name>Maven Aliyun Mirror</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/repositories/central/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
2、创建maven_module_dao
2.1、在domain包中创建Items
package com.wedu.ssm.domain;
import java.util.Date;
public class Items {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double price;
private String pic;
private Date createtime;
private String detail;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getPic() {
return pic;
}
public void setPic(String pic) {
this.pic = pic;
}
public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
}
public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}
public String getDetail() {
return detail;
}
public void setDetail(String detail) {
this.detail = detail;
}
}
2.1、在dao包中创建ItemsDao
package com.wedu.ssm.dao;
import com.wedu.ssm.domain.Items;
/**
* 商品信息的持久层接口
*/
public interface ItemsDao {
public Items findById(Integer id);
}
2.3、在resources中创建映射文件ItemsDao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.wedu.ssm.dao.ItemsDao">
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="items">
select * from items where id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
2.4、在resources中创建spring包并创建spring ioc管理的配置文件applicationContext-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--配置连接池-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</bean>
<!--配置生产SqlSession对象的工厂-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--扫描pojo包,给包下所有pojo对象起别名-->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.wedu.ssm.domain"/>
</bean>
<!--扫描接口包路径,生成包下所有接口的代理对象,并且放入spring容器中-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.wedu.ssm.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
3、创建maven_module_service
3.1、在service包创建ItemsService
package com.wedu.ssm.service;
import com.wedu.ssm.domain.Items;
/**
* 商品信息的业务层接口
*/
public interface ItemsService {
public Items findById(Integer id);
}
3.2、在service中创建impl包并在其下面创建ItemsServiceImpl
package com.wedu.ssm.service.impl;
import com.wedu.ssm.dao.ItemsDao;
import com.wedu.ssm.domain.Items;
import com.wedu.ssm.service.ItemsService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* 商品信息的业务层实现
*/
@Service
public class ItemsServiceImpl implements ItemsService {
@Autowired
private ItemsDao itemsDao;
public Items findById(Integer id) {
return itemsDao.findById(id);
}
}
3.3、在resources下创建spring包并创建applicationContext-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--组件扫描配置-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.wedu.ssm.service"/>
<!--aop面向切面编程,切面就是切入点和通知的组合-->
<!--配置事务管理器-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--配置事务的通知-->
<tx:advice id="advice">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!--配置切面-->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.wedu.ssm.service.impl.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="advice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>
4、创建maven_module_web
4.1、在web.xml添加配置信息
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<!--编码过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--配置spring核心监听器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--重新指定spring配置文件的路径-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--springmvc的核心servlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
4.2、在resources下创建spring ioc配置文件applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:spring/applicationContext-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring/applicationContext-service.xml"/>
</beans>
4.3、在resources下创建springmvc的配置文件springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--组件扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.wedu.ssm.web"/>
<!--处理器映射器,处理器适配器-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--释放静态资源-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>
4.4、在resources下添加日志的配置文件log4j.properties
# Set root category priority to INFO and its only appender to CONSOLE.
#log4j.rootCategory=INFO, CONSOLE debug info warn error fatal
log4j.rootCategory=debug, CONSOLE, LOGFILE
# Set the enterprise logger category to FATAL and its only appender to CONSOLE.
log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE
# CONSOLE is set to be a ConsoleAppender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
# LOGFILE is set to be a File appender using a PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=E:\\project\\axis.log
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
4.5、webapp下修改index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>maven多模块构建项目</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/items/findDetail">查询详情</a>
</body>
</html>
4.6、在web包下创建ItemsController
package com.wedu.ssm.web;
import com.wedu.ssm.domain.Items;
import com.wedu.ssm.service.ItemsService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/items")
public class ItemsController {
@Autowired
private ItemsService itemsService;
@RequestMapping("/findDetail")
public String findDetail(Model model){
Items items = itemsService.findById(1);
model.addAttribute("item", items);
return "itemDetail";
}
}
4.7、在WEB-INF下创建pages文件夹,并在pages文件夹下创建itemDetail.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td>商品名称</td>
<td> ${item.name } </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>商品价格</td>
<td> ${item.price } </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>生成日期</td>
<td> <fmt:formatDate value="${item.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>商品简介</td>
<td>${item.detail} </td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
5、启动tomcat运行项目
6、在浏览器访问项目地址:http://localhost:8080/maven_module_web/,进行测试