LNMP环境的安装配置

​ LNMP安装配置

引言：和LAMP不同的是，LNMP中的N指的是Nginx（类似于Apache的一种web服务软件），并且php是作为一个独立服务存在的，这个服务叫做php-fpm，Nginx直接处理静态请求，动态请求会转发给php-fpm。目前LNMP环境的应用非常多。在静态页面的处理上，Nginx比Apache更强；但在动态页面的处理上，Nginx并不占优势。

简而言之

LAMPLinux+Apahe+Mysql+PHP LNMPLinux+nginx+Mysql+PHP

服务安装：

• nginx安装

• yum install gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel -y
  tar -xf  nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
  cd nginx-1.14.0
  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre
  make && make install
  vim /usr/local/nginx/vhost/server.conf
  #添加以下php配置
  location ~ \.php$ {
  
              root           html;
  
              fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
  
              fastcgi_index  index.php;
  
              fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
  
              include        fastcgi_params;
  
          }
  

• Mysql安装

yum install cmake* -y
tar -xf mysql-5.6.40.tar.gz
cd  mysql-5.6.40
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/data/opt/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/opt/mysql/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
make && make install

1创建数据目录

mkdir -p /data/opt/mysql/{3306,binlog,tmp}
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/opt/mysql

2配置my.conf文件

cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.conf
vim /etc/my.conf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/opt/mysql/3306/mysql.sock

#The MySQL Server
[mysqld]
server-id=209
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
sync_binlog=1
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /data/opt/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/opt/mysql/3306/mysql.pid
basedir = /data/opt/mysql
datadir = /data/opt/mysql/data
tmpdir = /data/opt/mysql/tmp
open_files_limit = 10240
lower_case_table_names=1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

#Buffer
max_allowed_packet = 256M
max_heap_table_size = 256M
net_buffer_length = 8k
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

#Log
log-bin = /data/opt/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 32M
max_binlog_cache_size = 512M
max_binlog_size = 512M
binlog_format = mixed
log_output = FILE
log-error = /data/opt/mysql/binlog/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/opt/mysql/binlog/slow_query.log
general_log = 0
general_log_file = /data/opt/mysql/binlog/general_query.log
expire-logs-days = 14

#InnoDB
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2048M:autoextend
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt = (\u@\h)[\d]>\_
default-character-set = gbk

3添加mysql环境变量

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/data/opt/mysql/bin'  >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile

4初始化数据库

cd /data/opt/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql
./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

5添加到系统启动

cp /soft/mysql-5.6.40/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /ect/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on

6Mysql默认配置优化，权限配置

 mysql -uroot -p
#清空默认数据
(root@localhost)[(none)] > select * from mysql.db \G
(root@localhost)[(none)] > truncate table mysql.db;
(root@localhost)[(none)] > flush privileges;
(root@localhost)[(none)] > select * from mysql.db \G
#配置访问权限
(root@localhost)[(none)] > use mysql;
(root@localhost)[(none)] > desc user;
(root@localhost)[(none)] > grant all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by "root";
(root@localhost)[(none)] > update user set Password=password('XXXXXX') where User='root';
(root@localhost)[(none)] > select Host,User,Password from user where User='root';
(root@localhost)[(none)] > flush privileges;
(root@localhost)[(none)] > exit;

• php安装

1. 编译安装

yum install -y gd gd-devel zlib zlib-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel  php-bcmath freetype freetype-devel  libpng libpng-devel php-mbstring libxml2 libxml2-devel  glibc glibc-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel
tar -xf  php-5.5.28.tar.gz
cd  php-5.5.28
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-mbstring --with-mysql --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-bz2 --with-curl --enable-sockets --with-gd --enable-calendar --with-zlib --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-iconv --enable-calendar --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-libxml --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --enable-bcmath --with-freetype-dir --with-gettext --enable-fpm
make && make install

2配置

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini 
rm -rf /etc/php.ini
ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini  /etc/php.ini
ls -l /etc/php.ini
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default  /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf  /etc/php-fpm.conf
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid           //如果这个选项在配置文件存在就取消掉注释使用，如果不存在可以忽略，请勿手动添加，否则PHP启动会报错。
user = www
group = www

3添加到系统启动

cp /usr/local/src/php-5.5.28/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
ls -l /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
ls -l /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on
chkconfig --list php-fpm

4 php.ini配置

disable_functions= passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd,posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid,posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid,posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit,posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty, posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid, posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname
date.timezone = PRC #设置时区
expose_php = Off #禁止显示php版本的信息
short_open_tag = On #支持php短标签
opcache.enable=1 #php支持opcode缓存
opcache.enable_cli=0
zend_extension=opcache.so #开启opcode缓存功能

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