一、Harbor介绍
Docker容器应用的开发和运行离不开可靠的镜像管理,虽然Docker官方也提供了公共的镜像仓库,但是从安全和效率等方面考虑,部署私有环境内的Registry也是非常必要的。Harbor是由VMware公司开源的企业级的Docker Registry管理项目,它包括权限管理(RBAC)、LDAP、日志审核、管理界面、自我注册、镜像复制和中文支持等功能
二、环境准备
Harbor的所有服务组件都是在Docker中部署的,所以官方安装使用Docker-compose快速部署,所以需要安装Docker、Docker-compose。由于Harbor是基于Docker Registry V2版本,所以就要求Docker版本不小于1.10.0,Docker-compose版本不小于1.6.0
1、安装并启动docker
安装所需的包。yum-utils提供了yum-config-manager 效用,并device-mapper-persistent-data和lvm2由需要 devicemapper存储驱动程序
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
设置稳定库(二选一)
(国外源,下载慢)
[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
(阿里源,速度快)
[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
安装Docker CE
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
启动docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
2、安装Docker-compose
下载指定版本的docker-compose
[root@localhost ~]# curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.13.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 617 0 617 0 0 497 0 --:--:-- 0:00:01 --:--:-- 498
100 8079k 100 8079k 0 0 191k 0 0:00:42 0:00:42 --:--:-- 414k
对二进制文件赋可执行权限
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
验证docker-compose是否安装成功
[root@localhost ~]# docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.13.0, build 1719ceb
三、Harbor服务搭建及启动
1、下载Harbor安装文件
从GitHub上https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases下载指定版本的安装包
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /harbor
[root@localhost ~]# cd /harbor/
[root@localhost harbor]# yum -y install wget
[root@localhost harbor]# wget https://github.com/vmware/harbor/releases/download/v1.1.2/harbor-online-installer-v1.1.2.tgz
[root@localhost harbor]# ll
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 100313 Jun 12 2017 harbor-online-installer-v1.1.2.tgz
[root@localhost harbor]# tar -zxvf harbor-online-installer-v1.1.2.tgz
2、配置harbor
[root@localhost harbor]# ll
total 100
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 203 Jul 19 02:47 harbor
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 100313 Jun 12 2017 harbor-online-installer-v1.1.2.tgz
[root@localhost harbor]# cd harbor
[root@localhost harbor]# ll
total 392
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 23 Jul 19 02:47 common
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1988 Jun 12 2017 docker-compose.notary.yml
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3155 Jun 12 2017 docker-compose.yml
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4304 Jun 12 2017 harbor_1_1_0_template
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4085 Jun 12 2017 harbor.cfg
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5169 Jun 12 2017 install.sh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 337600 Jun 12 2017 LICENSE
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 472 Jun 12 2017 NOTICE
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 16522 Jun 12 2017 prepare
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 4550 Jun 12 2017 upgrade
[root@localhost harbor]# vim harbor.cfg
配置文件harbor.cfg详解:
# hostname设置访问地址,可以使用ip、域名,不可以设置为127.0.0.1或localhost
hostname = 192.168.14.16
# 访问协议,默认是http,也可以设置https,如果设置https,则nginx ssl需要设置on
ui_url_protocol = http
# mysql数据库root用户默认密码root123,实际使用时修改下
db_password = 123456
max_job_workers = 3
customize_crt = on
ssl_cert = /data/cert/server.crt
ssl_cert_key = /data/cert/server.key
secretkey_path = /data
admiral_url = NA
# 邮件设置,发送重置密码邮件时使用
email_identity =
email_server = smtp.mydomain.com
email_server_port = 25
email_username = [email protected]
email_password = abc
email_from = admin <[email protected]>
email_ssl = false
# 启动Harbor后,管理员UI登录的密码,默认是Harbor12345
harbor_admin_password = 123456
# 认证方式,这里支持多种认证方式,如LADP、本次存储、数据库认证。默认是db_auth,mysql数据库认证
auth_mode = db_auth
# LDAP认证时配置项
ldap_url = ldaps://ldap.mydomain.com
#ldap_searchdn = uid=searchuser,ou=people,dc=mydomain,dc=com
#ldap_search_pwd = password
ldap_basedn = ou=people,dc=mydomain,dc=com
#ldap_filter = (objectClass=person)
ldap_uid = uid
ldap_scope = 3
ldap_timeout = 5
# 是否开启自注册
self_registration = on
# token有效时间,默认30分钟
token_expiration = 30
# 用户创建项目权限控制,默认是everyone(所有人),也可以设置为adminonly(只能管理员)
project_creation_restriction = everyone
verify_remote_cert = on
3、启动Harbor
修改完配置文件后,在的当前目录执行./install.sh,Harbor服务就会根据当期目录下的docker-compose.yml开始下载依赖的镜像,检测并按照顺序依次启动各个服务。如果失败就重新执行一次
[root@localhost harbor]# pwd
/harbor/harbor
[root@localhost harbor]# ./install.sh
Harbor依赖的镜像及启动服务如下:
[root@localhost harbor]# docker-compose ps
Name Command State Ports
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
harbor-adminserver /harbor/harbor_adminserver Up
harbor-db docker-entrypoint.sh mysqld Up 3306/tcp
harbor-jobservice /harbor/harbor_jobservice Up
harbor-log /bin/sh -c crond && rm -f ... Up 127.0.0.1:1514->514/tcp
harbor-ui /harbor/harbor_ui Up
nginx nginx -g daemon off; Up 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4443->4443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp
registry /entrypoint.sh serve /etc/ ... Up 5000/tcp
启动完成后,访问刚设置的hostname即可,默认是80端口,如果端口占用,可以去修改docker-compose.yml文件中,对应服务的端口映射
四、Harbor仓库使用
1、登录Harbor web
使用admin用户登录,密码为harbor.cfg设置的密码
2、上传镜像到Harbor仓库
我们新建一个名称为harbor的项目,设置不公开。当项目设为公开后,任何人都有此项目下镜像的读权限。命令行用户不需要docker login就可以拉取此项目下的镜像。
新建项目后,使用admin用户提交本地nginx镜像到Harbor仓库
3、docker 登录harbor
[root@localhost ~]# docker login 192.168.14.16
Username: admin
Password:
Error response from daemon: Get https://192.168.14.16/v2/: dial tcp 192.168.14.16:443: connect: connection refused
解决方法:
查找docker。serevice所在的位置
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name docker.service -type f
/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
修改配置文件,
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
修改为:ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --insecure-registry=http://192.168.14.16
4、重启docker服务:
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker
重启之后发现docker-compse已经停止,需要重新执行./install sh
[root@localhost ~]# docker-compose ps
ERROR:
Can't find a suitable configuration file in this directory or any
parent. Are you in the right directory?
Supported filenames: docker-compose.yml, docker-compose.yaml
[root@localhost ~]# cd /harbor/
[root@localhost harbor]# cd harbor
[root@localhost harbor]# pwd
/harbor/harbor
[root@localhost harbor]# ./install.sh
5、再次登录
[root@localhost ~]# docker login 192.168.14.16
Username: admin
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
6、给现有镜像打tag
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
vmware/harbor-jobservice v1.1.2 4ef0a7a33734 2 years ago 163MB
vmware/harbor-ui v1.1.2 4ee8f190f366 2 years ago 183MB
vmware/harbor-adminserver v1.1.2 cdcf1bed7eb4 2 years ago 142MB
vmware/harbor-db v1.1.2 fcb8aa7a0640 2 years ago 329MB
vmware/registry 2.6.1-photon 0f6c96580032 2 years ago 150MB
vmware/nginx 1.11.5-patched 8ddadb143133 2 years ago 199MB
vmware/harbor-log v1.1.2 9c46a7b5e517 2 years ago 192MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker tag vmware/nginx:1.11.5-patched 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
vmware/harbor-jobservice v1.1.2 4ef0a7a33734 2 years ago 163MB
vmware/harbor-ui v1.1.2 4ee8f190f366 2 years ago 183MB
vmware/harbor-adminserver v1.1.2 cdcf1bed7eb4 2 years ago 142MB
vmware/harbor-db v1.1.2 fcb8aa7a0640 2 years ago 329MB
vmware/registry 2.6.1-photon 0f6c96580032 2 years ago 150MB
192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx latest 8ddadb143133 2 years ago 199MB
vmware/nginx 1.11.5-patched 8ddadb143133 2 years ago 199MB
vmware/harbor-log v1.1.2 9c46a7b5e517 2 years ago 192MB
7、push到仓库
[root@localhost ~]# docker push 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:latest
The push refers to repository [192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx]
3569f62067e2: Pushed
3f117c44afbb: Pushed
c4a8b7411af4: Pushed
fe4c16cbf7a4: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:3dce35afeadd7195877b17bf1514b9e388ed671afe428441fe5e0b02cdc26eeb size: 1160
上传成功后,登录Web Harbor,选择项目harbor,就可以查看刚刚上传的nginx镜像了
8、创建用户并分配权限
点击系统管理下的用户管理,点击创建用户,输入相关信息
将刚刚创建的用户添加到harbor项目成员中,点击项目,选择harbor项目,点击成员,点击添加成员,添加姓名选择角色
使用新建的用户将刚刚上传的nginx镜像拉取下来
先将刚刚nginx镜像删除
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
vmware/harbor-jobservice v1.1.2 4ef0a7a33734 2 years ago 163MB
vmware/harbor-ui v1.1.2 4ee8f190f366 2 years ago 183MB
vmware/harbor-adminserver v1.1.2 cdcf1bed7eb4 2 years ago 142MB
vmware/harbor-db v1.1.2 fcb8aa7a0640 2 years ago 329MB
vmware/registry 2.6.1-photon 0f6c96580032 2 years ago 150MB
192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx latest 8ddadb143133 2 years ago 199MB
vmware/nginx 1.11.5-patched 8ddadb143133 2 years ago 199MB
vmware/harbor-log v1.1.2 9c46a7b5e517 2 years ago 192MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:latest
Untagged: 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:latest
Untagged: 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx@sha256:3dce35afeadd7195877b17bf1514b9e388ed671afe428441fe5e0b02cdc26eeb
退出admin帐号,使用刚刚创建的用户登录
[root@localhost ~]# docker logout 192.168.14.16
Removing login credentials for 192.168.14.16
[root@localhost ~]# docker login 192.168.14.16
Username: harbor
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
将harbor中的nginx镜像拉取到本地
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
vmware/harbor-jobservice v1.1.2 4ef0a7a33734 2 years ago 163MB
vmware/harbor-ui v1.1.2 4ee8f190f366 2 years ago 183MB
vmware/harbor-adminserver v1.1.2 cdcf1bed7eb4 2 years ago 142MB
vmware/harbor-db v1.1.2 fcb8aa7a0640 2 years ago 329MB
vmware/registry 2.6.1-photon 0f6c96580032 2 years ago 150MB
vmware/nginx 1.11.5-patched 8ddadb143133 2 years ago 199MB
vmware/harbor-log v1.1.2 9c46a7b5e517 2 years ago 192MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:latest
latest: Pulling from harbor/nginx
Digest: sha256:3dce35afeadd7195877b17bf1514b9e388ed671afe428441fe5e0b02cdc26eeb
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
vmware/harbor-jobservice v1.1.2 4ef0a7a33734 2 years ago 163MB
vmware/harbor-ui v1.1.2 4ee8f190f366 2 years ago 183MB
vmware/harbor-adminserver v1.1.2 cdcf1bed7eb4 2 years ago 142MB
vmware/harbor-db v1.1.2 fcb8aa7a0640 2 years ago 329MB
vmware/registry 2.6.1-photon 0f6c96580032 2 years ago 150MB
192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx latest 8ddadb143133 2 years ago 199MB
vmware/nginx 1.11.5-patched 8ddadb143133 2 years ago 199MB
vmware/harbor-log v1.1.2 9c46a7b5e517 2 years ago 192MB
五、客户端push或者pull镜像
1、参考上面步骤,客户端先安装docker,然后启动docker
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start docker
2、任意下载一个nginx
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
0a4690c5d889: Pull complete
9719afee3eb7: Pull complete
44446b456159: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:b4b9b3eee194703fc2fa8afa5b7510c77ae70cfba567af1376a573a967c03dbb
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
3、登录到harbor服务器
[root@node1 ~]# docker login 192.168.14.16
Username: harbor
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
4、给镜像打tag,注意格式是:仓库IP/harbor仓库名字/镜像名字
[root@node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 98ebf73aba75 34 hours ago 109MB
[root@node1 ~]# docker tag nginx:latest 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:new
[root@node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx new 98ebf73aba75 34 hours ago 109MB
nginx latest 98ebf73aba75 34 hours ago 109MB
[root@node1 ~]# docker push 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:new
The push refers to repository [192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx]
589561a3ffb4: Pushed
ef7dbb0cfc81: Pushed
d56055da3352: Pushed
new: digest: sha256:f83b2ffd963ac911f9e638184c8d580cc1f3139d5c8c33c87c3fb90aebdebf76 size: 948
5、这里查看客户端本地镜像>删除镜像>拉取镜像>查看镜像
[root@node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx new 98ebf73aba75 34 hours ago 109MB
nginx latest 98ebf73aba75 34 hours ago 109MB
[root@node1 ~]# docker rmi 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:new
Untagged: 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:new
Untagged: 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx@sha256:f83b2ffd963ac911f9e638184c8d580cc1f3139d5c8c33c87c3fb90aebdebf76
[root@node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 98ebf73aba75 34 hours ago 109MB
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:new
new: Pulling from harbor/nginx
Digest: sha256:f83b2ffd963ac911f9e638184c8d580cc1f3139d5c8c33c87c3fb90aebdebf76
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx:new
[root@node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
192.168.14.16/harbor/nginx new 98ebf73aba75 34 hours ago 109MB
nginx latest 98ebf73aba75 34 hours ago 109MB
6、至此,本地和客户端都能正常上传和拉取镜像