【剑指Offer】 22.从上往下打印二叉树 python实现

题目描述

从上往下打印出二叉树的每个节点，同层节点从左至右打印。

第一种解法，构造一个辅助队列实现

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None
class Solution:
    # 返回从上到下每个节点值列表，例：[1,2,3]
    def PrintFromTopToBottom(self, root):
        # write code here
        if not root:
            return []
        queue = []
        result = []
         
        queue.append(root)
        while len(queue) > 0:
            node = queue.pop(0)
            result.append(node.val)
            if node.left:
                queue.append(node.left)
            if node.right:
                queue.append(node.right)
         
        return result

第二种解法，广度优先搜索

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None
class Solution:
    # 返回从上到下每个节点值列表，例：[1,2,3]
    def PrintFromTopToBottom(self, root):
        # write code here
        def helper(node, level):
            if not node:
                return
            else:
                sol[level-1].append(node.val)
                if len(sol) == level:  # 遍历到新层时，只有最左边的结点使得等式成立
                    sol.append([])
                helper(node.left, level+1)
                helper(node.right, level+1)
        sol = [[]]
        helper(root, 1)
        a = []
        while sol:
            a += sol.pop(0)
        return a