dubbo+zookeeper对比springCloud及分布式项目搭建详解

其他 2020-01-15 11:18:17 阅读次数: 0

文章目录

引言

  dubbo是阿里巴巴自主研发的RPC框架，全称”Remote Procedure Call”，从字面意思上也很好理解，即远程过程（服务）调用，主要作用是用于应用之间的解耦，调用远程服务。

对比springCloud

  dubbo和springCloud不同，dubbo使用的是原生的RPC技术来进行服务调用，而springCloud则应用了rest Api，一个是底层socket，一个是应用层http，所以相比之下，前者性能较高，后者则牺牲性能换来了架构的灵活，并且springCloud是微服务的一栈式解决方案，生态十分强大，组件之间的集成也很方便；而dubbo则始终是一款RPC框架，并且使用过dubbo的小伙伴应该知道，dubbo对于service接口的依赖是很严重的，很多代码都要install之后才能继续后面的开发工作，所以如果没有合适的工具或方法管理好这些依赖关系，这将成为开发者们的噩梦，简而言之，你会为此头皮发麻。
  那为什么我们还要使用dubbo，为什么不直接都去使用springCloud？岂不美哉？众所周知，dubbo是阿里的优秀开源框架，所以当时受到了很多企业的追捧和使用，后来虽然springCloud异军突起，但很多企业没有转型的勇气，架构转型毕竟是一件很有风险的事情，成本太高，所以就留下了很多使用dubbo的项目，这是其中的一个方面。另一方面，尽管dubbo使用难度高，组件集成支持一般，但是性能确实优于restApi，所以有些开发能力很强或者认为自己很强的团队毅然决然走上了这条不归之路。
  所以说，如果工期充裕，对自己的开发能力有足够的信心可以考虑使用dubbo，如果时间紧任务重，可以选择牺牲一部分性能使用springCloud，并且springCloud更新迭代速度快，性能其实也差不了多少。当然选择什么框架，使用何种技术要根据实际需求来确定，如果需求简单，业务逻辑直来直去，传统的集中式工程也不失为好的选择，毕竟技术服务于需求，否则就是耍流氓。相信看到这里你已经心中有数。但此篇博客我还是要介绍一下dubbo的使用以及与zookeeper的集成，以此怀念过去炙手可热的分布式框架——dubbo！

关于zookeeper

  zookeeper是apache组织的顶级开源项目之一，主要用于服务于大数据生态圈，关于zookeeper的名字也是一个比较有意思的事情，大数据的pig（猪），hive（蜜蜂）等都是用动物命名，最后开发者想把它们统一管理一下，所以就起了个名字叫zookeeper（动物园），zookeeper在dubbo中起到的是服务注册中心的作用，相当于房产中介，服务在其中注册，同时在此处完成消费者请求的处理。

zookeeper服务搭建

  在这里我就在windows上做演示了，懒得启动虚拟机了，首先去zookeeper官网下载zookeeper，放在任意盘符，解压，打开conf文件夹，复制zoo_sample.cfg文件重命名为zoo.cfg，当zookeeper启动的时候会加载zoo.cfg中的配置，配置如下，已经加上注释：

# The number of milliseconds of each tick
# ickTime的意义：客户端与服务器或者服务器与服务器之间维持心跳，也就是每个tickTime时间就会发送一次心跳。通过心跳不仅能够用来监听机器的工作状态，还可以通过心跳来控制Flower跟Leader的通信时间，默认情况下FL的会话时常是心跳间隔的两倍
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial 
# synchronization phase can take
#集群中的follower服务器(F)与leader服务器(L)之间初始连接时能容忍的最多心跳数（tickTime的数量）。
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between 
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
# 集群中flower服务器（F）跟leader（L）服务器之间的请求和答应最多能容忍的心跳数。
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just 
# example sakes.
#该属性对应的目录是用来存放myid信息跟一些版本，日志，跟服务器唯一的ID信息等。
dataDir=D:\zookeeper-3.4.12\data
dataLogDir=D:\zookeeper-3.4.12\log
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#第一个端口用于flowwer与leader通信，第二个端口负责选举通信
#server.1=127.0.0.1:2888:3888
#server.2=127.0.0.1:2889:3889
#server.3=127.0.0.1:2890:3890
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the 
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

  配置完毕保存之后回到bin目录，双击 zkServer.cmd 便可以启动zookeeper服务，如下：
启动效果
  出现上图的日志便证明启动成功了，如果闪退则证明启动失败，编辑cmd，在倒数第一行上面添加 pause 便可以排查错误，一般是JAVA_HOME没有配置或者是zoo.cfg配置有误。
  zookeeper的集群搭建也很简单，在这里就不赘述了，有兴趣的朋友可以自行百度，相关的教程有很多。

dubbo整体架构

  dubbo的架构比较简单，下面一幅图可以清晰的将其展示出来：
模型图
consumer：服务消费者
provider：服务提供者
registry：注册中心
monitor：监控中心（可有可无）

dubbo项目搭建

  开发工具我们使用idea，构建工具采用众所周知的maven，搭建一个父项目维护jar包依赖，然后搭建四个子项目分别为dubbo_dao（数据库交互），dubbo_interface（接口层），dubbo_service（服务层），dubbo_web（表现层）。

父工程项目搭建

  项目搭建过程就不再赘述了，项目结构如下：
父工程结构
  其实父工程说白了就是一个pom文件，内容如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubboTest</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>dubbo_service</module>
        <module>dubbo_web</module>
        <module>dubbo_interface</module>
        <module>dubbo_dao</module>
    </modules>
    <!-- 集中定义依赖版本号 -->
    <properties>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
        <mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.32</mysql.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version>
        <jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version>
        <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
        <httpclient.version>4.3.5</httpclient.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
        <jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
        <joda-time.version>2.5</joda-time.version>
        <commons-lang3.version>3.3.2</commons-lang3.version>
        <commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
        <commons-net.version>3.3</commons-net.version>
        <pagehelper.version>3.4.2-fix</pagehelper.version>
        <jsqlparser.version>0.9.1</jsqlparser.version>
        <commons-fileupload.version>1.3.1</commons-fileupload.version>
        <jedis.version>2.7.2</jedis.version>
        <solrj.version>4.10.3</solrj.version>
        <dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version>
        <zookeeper.version>3.4.7</zookeeper.version>
        <zkclient.version>0.1</zkclient.version>
        <activemq.version>5.13.0</activemq.version>
        <freemarker.version>2.3.23</freemarker.version>
        <quartz.version>2.2.2</quartz.version>
    </properties>
    <!-- 就是管理版本的标签   其下的dependencies标签只是版本的管理 并不依赖jar-->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- 时间操作组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
                <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
                <version>${joda-time.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Apache工具组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-net</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-net.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Jackson Json处理工具包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
                <version>${jackson.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- httpclient -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
                <version>${httpclient.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- quartz任务调度框架 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
                <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
                <version>${quartz.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 单元测试 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 日志处理 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Mybatis -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mybatis分页相关的 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.miemiedev</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-paginator</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.paginator.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
                <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
                <version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- MySql -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 连接池 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Spring -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- JSP相关 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                <version>${jstl.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- 文件上传组件 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
                <version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Redis客户端 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
                <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
                <version>${jedis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- solr客户端 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>
                <artifactId>solr-solrj</artifactId>
                <version>${solrj.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- dubbo相关 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                <version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>${zkclient.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
                <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
                <version>${activemq.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
                <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
                <version>${freemarker.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7</version>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- java编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

dao项目搭建

  dao项目结构如下：
dao
  pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>dubboTest</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>dubbo_dao</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySql -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <!-- 如果不配置mybatis的配置文件会漏掉 -->
        <!-- 注意：配置了此方式，原来的默认的资源拷贝行为将无效 -->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

</project>

  TestMapper代码如下：

package dubbo.mapper;

/**
 * 测试接口 查询当前的时间
 * @title TestMapper.java
 */
public interface TestMapper {
    String queryNow();
}

  TestMapper.xml代码如下，很简单，就是查询一下数据库的时间：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dubbo.mapper.TestMapper">
	<select id="queryNow" resultType="string">
		select NOW()
	</select>
</mapper>

interface项目搭建

  interface项目结构如下：
interface
  TestService代码如下：

package dubbo.service;

public interface TestService {

    String queryNow();

}

  pom文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>dubboTest</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>dubbo_interface</artifactId>


</project>

service项目搭建

  service项目结构如下：
service
  pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>dubboTest</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>dubbo_service</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 添加接口的依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo_interface</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加dao的依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo_dao</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- dubbo相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <!-- 排除依赖 -否则会和现有依赖冲突->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
                    <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>


</project>

  TestServiceImpl：

package dubbo.service.impl;

import dubbo.mapper.TestMapper;
import dubbo.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {

	//mapper会报红，是错报，不必理会
    @Autowired
    private TestMapper mapper;

    @Override
    public String queryNow() {
        return mapper.queryNow();
    }
}

  SqlMapConfig.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
		PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
		"http://www.mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>

  db.properties：

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/medicine?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

  applicationContext-dao.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd">
	<!-- 数据源 -->
	<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/*.properties"/>
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
		destroy-method="close">
		<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
		<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
		<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
		<property name="minIdle" value="5" />
	</bean>
	<!-- sqlsessionfactory -->
	<!-- 让spring管理sqlsessionfactory 使用mybatis和spring整合包中的 -->
	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
		<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<!-- 加载mybatis的全局配置文件 -->
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/SqlMapConfig.xml" />
	</bean>
	<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
		<property name="basePackage" value="dubbo.mapper" />
	</bean>
	
	<!-- mapper扫描器 -->
	
</beans>

  applicationContext-service.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
	http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd">

	<context:component-scan base-package="dubbo.service"/>
	<!-- 使用dubbo发布服务 -->
	<!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 -->
	<dubbo:application name="dubbo-service" />
	<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181" />
	<!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
	<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
	<!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
	<dubbo:service interface="dubbo.service.TestService" ref="testServiceImpl" />
</beans>

  applicationContext-transaction.xml（本案例中没什么作用）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd">
	<!-- 事务管理器 -->
	<!-- 配置通知 -->
	<!-- 配置切面 -->
	<!-- 事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<!-- 数据源 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 通知 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<!-- 传播行为 -->
			<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="create*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
			<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	<!-- 切面 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
			pointcut="execution(* dubbo.service.*.*(..))" />
	</aop:config>
</beans>

  web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
</web-app>

web项目搭建

  结构如下：
web
  pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>dubboTest</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <artifactId>dubbo_web</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 添加接口的依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo_interface</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- dubbo相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <!-- 排除依赖 -->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
                    <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

  TestController：

package dubbo.controller;

import dubbo.service.TestService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class TestController {

	//testservice可能会报红 提示注入不了 是误报不必理会
    @Autowired
    private TestService testservice;

    @RequestMapping("/test/qureyNow")
    public String queryNow(){

        return testservice.queryNow();
    }
}

  springmvc.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" 
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">

	<context:component-scan base-package="dubbo.controller" />
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 配置静态资源映射  -->
	<!-- 指定/WEB-INF/js   /WEB-INF/css/  下的所有的静态资源包括子目录下的静态资源  都不被拦截-->
	<!--  mapping=/js/**  :表示访问静态资源的路径的形式    可以访问 /js/下的静态资源或者所有的子目录下的静态资源-->
	<!--<mvc:resources location="/WEB-INF/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
	<mvc:resources location="/WEB-INF/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>-->
	
	<!-- 引用dubbo服务 -->
	<!-- 名字可以随便起，但每个项目的名字不能重复 -->
	<dubbo:application name="dubbo-web"/>
	<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181"/>
	<!-- 服务接口注入 -->
	<dubbo:reference interface="dubbo.service.TestService" id="testService" />
</beans>

  web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <!-- springmvc的前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dubbo_web</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- contextConfigLocation不是必须的， 如果不配置contextConfigLocation， springmvc的配置文件默认在：WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dubbo_web</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

测试

  项目搭建完毕，测试一下，分别在idea中用tomcat启动dubbo_service和dubbo_web，访问 http://localhost:8081//test/qureyNow ,如下：
访问
  页面返回了当前时间，项目运行成功！在这里web层作为消费者，service层作为提供者，成功实现了服务的调用。

小结

  好了，关于dubbo的介绍就到此结束了，案例很简单，相信朋友们可以根据pom文件配置体会到dubbo对于jar包依赖的弊端，真的很乱有没有！不过习惯了也还好了，代码不是重点，重要的是真正体会到其中的思想，只要这样才能举一反三，学以致用！感谢您的观看！

小螺旋丸
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