SSM框架即Spring,SpringMVC和Mybatis三种框架,通过这三种框架可以让编程变得更加方便和易于理解。对于三种框架我已经在之前的博客中全部讲到了,现在就用三种框架来做一个简单的登陆系统。
本次系统用到的是maven系统,maven是专门用于构建和管理Java相关项目的工具,具体的使用可以看博客:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41973594/article/details/100146891
首先在【pom.xml】文件中声明所有依赖的jar包,这里我把未来有可能会用到的jar包全部放了进来,实际使用按照自己需求做调整:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.cr</groupId>
<artifactId>SSMTest</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring.version>5.0.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jackson.version>2.9.3</jackson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--添加Spring MVC的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--添加Servlet的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--JSTL用于在控制器中将模型绑定到JSP中-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--添加spring的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--利用它处理事务问题-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--添加数据库Mysql驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<!--驱动版本号一定要装正确 否则连不上 mysql 5.1.46 可以适用本机-->
<version>5.1.46</version>
</dependency>
<!--添加Mybatis依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.2.6</version>
</dependency>
<!--整合Mybatis与Spring的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mybatis分页依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 处理时间日期格式 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
<version>2.9.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 用于MD5加密 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.10</version>
</dependency>
<!--日志-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--添加Json依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--有时候不加可能会报错-->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
<!-- 新添加处理json为java bean -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 文件上传 高版本可以使用Multipart解析器 就不用引入这个包了 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据源的引入, 池化技术 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>SSMTest</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.20.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
配置【web.xml】,相关解释放在了代码注释中:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<!-- Spring配置 -->
<!--配置Spring的配置文件路径 classpath相当于resources文件夹-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--Log4j配置-->
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>60000</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--配置ContextLoaderListener初始化IOC容器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring mvc配置 -->
<!-- ================================================= -->
<!--DispatcherServlet前置控制器配置-->
<servlet>
<!--springmvc框架默认自动找到/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml作为配置文件载入web工程中 这里手动设置位置-->
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<!--拦截内容:servlet映射设置,拦截所有-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
配置【Spring-mybatis.xml】,这是Spring框架和mybatis框架的整合配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描包 包括了控制层和服务层 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.sdxb" />
<!-- 引入数据库配置文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${mysql.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${mysql.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${mysql.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${mysql.password}" />
<property name="initialSize" value="${dbcp.initialSize}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="${dbcp.maxActive}" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="${dbcp.maxIdle}" />
<property name="minIdle" value="${dbcp.minIdle}" />
<property name="maxWait" value="${dbcp.maxWait}" />
</bean>
<!-- 整合Spring和MyBatis,就不需要之前的mybatis配置文件了 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 注意路径是"/"不是"."-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml" />
<property name="configuration">
<!--可以将之前mybatis.cfg.xml的一些配置项转移到这里来-->
<bean class="org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration">
<property name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描DAO持久层接口 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.sdxb.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 数据库事务管理 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
其中jdbc.properties配置如下,请自行修改:
# 针对不同的数据库需要修改配置 同时要注意匹配数据库的版本号
mysql.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
mysql.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatistest
mysql.username=root
mysql.password=123456
#定义初始连接数
dbcp.initialSize=0
#定义最大连接数
dbcp.maxActive=20
#定义最大空闲
dbcp.maxIdle=20
#定义最小空闲
dbcp.minIdle=1
#定义最长等待时间
dbcp.maxWait=60000
配置【springmvc-servlet.xml】:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 扫描controller包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.sdxb.controller"/>
<!-- 静态资源默认servlet配置 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!--相当于寻找/jsp/xxx.jsp文件-->
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
这次项目实现的是登陆功能,数据库上的设计比较简单,创建User表,表中有username和password两项,创建好数据库后在pojo包下新建【User.java】
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
//getter and setter
}
在mapper包下创建【UserMapper.xml】,用于数据库语句的编写
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.sdxb.dao.UserDao">
<select id="select" parameterType="com.sdxb.pojo.User" resultType="com.sdxb.pojo.User">
select * from t_user where username = #{username} and password = #{password}
</select>
</mapper>
在dao层下创建【UserDao.java】接口,通过动态代理的方式实现数据的查询操作:
public interface UserDao {
User select(User user);
}
在service包下创建service接口和其实现类,因为要实现登陆功能,因此只需编写获取用户的功能就ok:
public interface UserService {
User get(User user);
}
【UserServiceImpl.java】
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Resource
private UserDao userDao;
@Override
public User get(User user) {
// 通过Mapper的select方法查询用户
return userDao.select(user);
}
}
最后在controller包下编写控制器,如果输入的用户名和密码与数据库中一致,则返回user.jsp,否则还是停留在登陆界面:
@Controller
public class UserController {
// 注入UserService
@Resource
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/login")
public String login(User user) {
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
user = userService.get(user);
if (user != null) {
mv.addObject("user", user);
return "user";
} else {
return "login";
}
}
}
两个jsp页面代码如下:【login.jsp】
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>login</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户登录界面</h1>
<br>
<form id="form" action="/login" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名</td>
<td><input id="username" name="username" value="" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td><input id="password-always-checkbox" name="password" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td align="right"><input type="submit" value="提交"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
【user.jsp】
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>User</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户登录成功</h1>
<br>
欢迎您: ${user.username}
</body>
</html>
配置好tomcat服务器后,启动tomcat服务器,我在tomcat服务器中已经配置了首页为login
github:https://github.com/OliverLiy/SSMLogin
虽然上面的这个项目实现的功能比较简单,但是也算是把SSM框架开发javaweb的整体流程走了一遍:当接收到请求时,通过在web.xml中的设置,SpringMvc会拦截所有的请求,并通过springmvc.xml的配置文件找到controller包,Controller调用Service服务层的相关代码,其中对数据库的操作写在Dao层中,Mybatis处理数据库相关工作,最终返回视图view呈现给用户。