1.8.5 访问日志不记录静态文件
网站大多元素为静态文件，如图片、css、js等，这些元素可以不用记录
把虚拟主机配置文件改成如下：
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
ServerName www.111.com
ServerAlias 111.com
ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img
CustomLog "logs/123.com-access_log" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>
重新加载配置文件 -t, graceful
mkdir /data/wwwroot/www.123.com/images //创建目录，并在这目录下上传一个图片
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 -I 123.com/images/123.jpg
tail /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/123.com-access_log
先直接访问图片：
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# ls /data/wwwroot/111.com/
admin.php index.php luds.jpg
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# curl www.111.com/admin.php
Welcome to the page of admin
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# curl www.111.com/luds.jpg -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2018 10:15:46 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/5.6.30
Last-Modified: Fri, 11 Mar 2016 08:40:01 GMT
ETag: "1ac51-52dc1e0711a40"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 109649
Content-Type: image/jpeg
再看日志：
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# true > /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# tail -f /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log
192.168.60.11 - - [23/Feb/2018:18:14:31 +0800] "GET /admin.php HTTP/1.1" 200 29 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.60.11 - - [23/Feb/2018:18:14:42 +0800] "GET /luds.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 109649 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
##这条访问日志里面有luds.jpg记录，我们不想要这样的静态文件记录怎么办？
编辑配置文件：
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
# ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
ServerName www.111.com
ServerAlias 111.com
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www.111.com$
RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://www.111.com/$1 [R=301,L]
</IfModule>
ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*.gif$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*.jpg$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*.png$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*.bmp$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*.swf$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*.js$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*.css$" img
CustomLog "logs/111.com-access_log" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
再次访问：
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# curl www.111.com/admin.php
Welcome to the page of admin
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# curl www.111.com/luds.jpg -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2018 10:15:46 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/5.6.30
Last-Modified: Fri, 11 Mar 2016 08:40:01 GMT
ETag: "1ac51-52dc1e0711a40"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 109649
Content-Type: image/jpeg
再看日志：
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# tail -f /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/111.com-access_log
192.168.60.11 - - [23/Feb/2018:18:14:31 +0800] "GET /admin.php HTTP/1.1" 200 29 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.60.11 - - [23/Feb/2018:18:14:42 +0800] "GET /luds.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 109649 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
192.168.60.11 - - [23/Feb/2018:18:15:39 +0800] "GET /admin.php HTTP/1.1" 200 29 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
##只多了一行admin.php的日志，图片的日志没有！ok
一些加载的访问，都会记录到日志里面去；
为了避免这种情况（防止日志过大占用磁盘空间和io）：定义一些条件、匹配一些文件！然后加入到规则里面去
1.8.6 访问日志切割
日志一直记录总有一天会把整个磁盘占满，所以有必要让它自动切割，并删除老的日志文件
把虚拟主机配置文件改成如下：
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/www.123.com"
ServerName www.123.com
ServerAlias 123.com
ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img
CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/rotatelogs -l logs/123.com-access_%Y%m%d.log 86400" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>
重新加载配置文件 -t, graceful
ls /usr/local/apache2.4/logs
编辑配置文件：
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
# ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
ServerName www.111.com
ServerAlias 111.com
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www.111.com$
RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://www.111.com/$1 [R=301,L]
</IfModule>
ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img
CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/rotatelogs -l logs/111.com-access_%Y%m%d.log 86400" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/
111.com-access_log abc.com-access_log access_log httpd.pid
111.com-error_log abc.com-error_log error_log
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# curl www.111.com
111.com
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/
111.com-access_20180223.log 111.com-error_log abc.com-error_log error_log
111.com-access_log abc.com-access_log access_log httpd.pid
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# crontab -e
0 12 1 * * /usr/bin/find /usr/local/apache2.4/logs/ -mtime +30 -name "111.com-access_20*" -exec rm -f {} \;
crontab: installing new crontab
目的：防止写满磁盘；方便管理日志
利用Apache自带的切割工具rotatelogs、-l代表使用本地时间！
24小时=86400s
再做一个任务计划crontab，超过两个月删掉
1.8.7 配置静态元素过期时间
浏览器访问网站的图片时会把静态的文件缓存在本地电脑里，这样下次再访问时就不用去远程下载了
增加配置
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive on //打开该功能的开关
ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 days"
ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType text/css "now plus 2 hour"
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresDefault "now plus 0 min"
</IfModule>
需要expires_module
curl测试，看cache-control: max-age
编辑配置文件：
<VirtualHost *:80>
# ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
ServerName www.111.com
ServerAlias 111.com
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive on
ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 days"
ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType text/css "now plus 2 hour"
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresDefault "now plus 0 min"
</IfModule>
ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img
CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/rotatelogs -l logs/111.com-access_%Y%m%d.log 86400" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>
测试效果：
开启过期时间：
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# curl www.111.com/luds.jpg -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2018 11:16:32 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/5.6.30
Last-Modified: Fri, 11 Mar 2016 08:40:01 GMT
ETag: "1ac51-52dc1e0711a40"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 109649
Cache-Control: max-age=86400
Expires: Sat, 24 Feb 2018 11:16:32 GMT
Content-Type: image/jpeg
关闭过期时间：
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# grep -i expire /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
#LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
[root@Dasoncheng ~]# curl www.111.com/luds.jpg -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2018 11:18:04 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.27 (Unix) PHP/5.6.30
Last-Modified: Fri, 11 Mar 2016 08:40:01 GMT
ETag: "1ac51-52dc1e0711a40"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 109649
Content-Type: image/jpeg
ctrl + f5 强制刷新（清理该页面缓存）
apache日志记录代理IP以及真实客户端IP http://www.lishiming.net/thread-960-1-1.html
apache只记录指定URI的日志 http://www.lishiming.net/thread-981-1-1.html
apache日志记录客户端请求的域名 http://www.lishiming.net/thread-1037-1-1.html
apache 日志切割问题 http://www.lishiming.net/thread-566-1-1.html