CentOS 7.7 yum方式安装配置Zabbix 4.0 LTS详解(十一)完结

十三、使用Ansible批量安装Zabbix Agent,并通过自动注册添加Linux主机:

1、Ansible简介:

Ansible是一款基于Python研发的开源自动化工具,实现了批量运行命令、批量部署程序、批量配置系统等功能。默认通过SSH协议(也可使用其它协议)进行远程命令执行或下发配置,无需部署任何客户端代理软件(agentless)在被管控主机上,并可同时支持多台主机并行管理。Ansible是基于模块工作的,本身没有批量部署的能力,真正具有批量部署的是Ansible所运行的模块,Ansible只是提供一种框架。Ansible帮助文档:https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/index.html

2、演示环境:

IP

操作系统

主机名

角色

192.168.0.120

CentOS   7.7 x86_64

zabbix-server

Zabbix   DatabaseZabbix   ServerZabbix   WebZabbix   AgentAnsible主机

192.168.0.121

CentOS   7.7 x86_64

web01

Zabbix   Agent、被管控主机

192.168.0.122

CentOS   7.7 x86_64

db01

Zabbix   Agent、被管控主机

目标:zabbix-server节点通过Ansible自动配置web01db01节点的防火墙、SELinux、系统时间、主机名,自动安装、配置、启动Zabbix Agent,最后通过Zabbix Web自动注册功能批量添加Linux主机

3、zabbix-server节点准备工作:

(1)配置hosts文件:

# vim /etc/hosts

192.168.0.120 zabbix-server

192.168.0.121 web01

192.168.0.122 db01

(2)配置chrony服务端:

a、修chrony.conf配置文件:

# yum -y install chrony

# mv /etc/chrony.conf{,.bak}

# vim /etc/chrony.conf,新增如下代码:

# 指定上层NTP服务器为阿里云提供的公网NTP服务器

server ntp1.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10

server ntp2.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10

server ntp3.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10

server ntp4.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10

server ntp5.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10

server ntp6.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10

server ntp7.aliyun.com iburst minpoll 4 maxpoll 10

# 记录系统时钟获得/丢失时间的速率至drift文件中

driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift

# 如果系统时钟的偏移量大于10秒,则允许在前三次更新中步进调整系统时钟

makestep 10 3

# 启用RTC(实时时钟)的内核同步

rtcsync

# 只允许192.168.0网段的客户端进行时间同步

allow 192.168.0.0/24

# 如果未能从阿里云提供的公网NTP服务器同步到时间,也允许将本地时间作为标准时间授时给其它客户端

local stratum 10

# 指定包含NTP验证密钥的文件

keyfile /etc/chrony.keys

# 指定存放日志文件的目录

logdir /var/log/chrony

# chronyd在选择源时忽略源的层级

stratumweight 0

# 禁用客户端访问的日志记录

noclientlog

# 如果时钟调整大于0.5秒,则向系统日志发送消息

logchange 0.5

说明:详细指令参数可以使用命令# man chrony.conf查看

b、启动chronyd

# systemctl start chronyd

# systemctl status chronyd

# ps aux | grep chronyd

# ss -tunlp | grep chronyd

image.png

备注:123端口为NTP服务监听端口,323端口为chrony服务监听端口

c、配置开机自启:# systemctl enable chronyd

d、查看时间同步源:# chronyc sources -v

image.png

说明:

120.25.115.20ntp1.aliyun.com域名解析后的地址

203.107.6.88ntp2.aliyun.com~ntp7.aliyun.com域名解析后的地址

e、查看时间同步源状态:# chronyc sourcestats -v

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(3)查看Python版本:# python -V

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(4)还原至最初配置,删除Zabbix Webzabbix-server以外的所有节点:

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4、web01db01节点为VMware Workstation最小化全新安装的CentOS 7.7

5、zabbix-server节点安装ansible

# yum -y install epel-release

# yum -y install ansible

# ansible --version

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6、zabbix-server节点配置被管控主机的主机清单文件:

# vim /etc/ansible/hosts,末尾新增如下代码:

[websrvs]

web01 ansible_host=192.168.0.121

[dbsrvs]

db01 ansible_host=192.168.0.122

7、   zabbix-server节点配置SSH互信:

(1)生成密钥对,基于密钥认证:# ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""

(2)复制公钥至所有被管控主机:

# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]

# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]

(3)测试连通性:# ansible all -m ping

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8、zabbix-server节点创建roles相关目录结构:

# cd /etc/ansible/roles

# mkdir -pv {prepare,zabbix-agent}/{files,templates,tasks,handlers,vars,meta,defaults}

9、zabbix-server节点配置prepare role

(1)修改prepare/tasks/main.yml配置文件:

# vim prepare/tasks/main.yml

- name: Stop Iptables On CentOS 6

service: name=iptables state=stopped enabled=no

when: ansible_distribution=="CentOS" and ansible_distribution_major_version=="6"

- name: Stop Firewalld On CentOS 7

systemd: name=firewalld.service state=stopped enabled=no

when: ansible_distribution=="CentOS" and ansible_distribution_major_version=="7"

- name: Install libselinux-python

yum: name=libselinux-python state=latest

- name: Stop SELinux

selinux: state=disabled

- name: Set Hostname

hostname: name={{inventory_hostname}}

- name: Edit Hosts File

lineinfile: path=/etc/hosts line="{{ansible_host}} {{inventory_hostname}}" state=present backup=yes

- name: Install {{item}}

yum: name={{item}} state=latest

loop:

- epel-release

- chrony

- name: Install Configuration File

copy: src=chrony.conf dest=/etc/ owner=root group=root mode=0644 backup=yes

notify: Restart Chrony Service

tags: Chrony Configuration File

- name: Start Chrony Service

service: name=chronyd state=started enabled=yes

(2)修改prepare/files/chrony.conf配置文件:

# vim prepare/files/chrony.conf

server 192.168.0.120 iburst

driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift

makestep 10 3

rtcsync

local stratum 10

keyfile /etc/chrony.keys

logdir /var/log/chrony

stratumweight 0

noclientlog

logchange 0.5

备注:192.168.0.120为内网chrony服务端IP

(3)修改prepare/handlers/main.yml配置文件:

# vim prepare/handlers/main.yml

- name: Restart Chrony Service

service: name=chronyd state=restarted

10、zabbix-server节点配置zabbix-agent role

(1)修改zabbix-agent/tasks/main.yml配置文件:

# vim zabbix-agent/tasks/main.yml

- name: Create Zabbix Repository

yum_repository: file=zabbix name=aliyun-zabbix description="Aliyun Zabbix Repository" baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/$basearch/ gpgcheck=no enabled=yes owner=root group=root mode=0644 state=present

- name: Install zabbix-agent

yum: name=zabbix-agent state=latest

- name: Install Configuration File

template: src=zabbix_agentd.conf.j2 dest=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf owner=root group=root mode=0644 backup=yes

notify: Restart zabbix-agent Service

tags: zabbix-agent Configuration File

- name: Start zabbix-agent Service

service: name=zabbix-agent state=started enabled=yes

说明:

yum_repository: file=zabbix name=aliyun-zabbix description="Aliyun Zabbix Repository" baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/$basearch/ gpgcheck=no enabled=yes owner=root group=root mode=0644 state=present

对应的/etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo

[aliyun-zabbix]

name=Aliyun Zabbix Repository

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/$basearch/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

(2)修改zabbix-agent/handlers/main.yml配置文件:

# vim zabbix-agent/handlers/main.yml

- name: Restart zabbix-agent Service

service: name=zabbix-agent state=restarted

(3)复制zabbix-server节点的zabbix_agentd.conf配置文件,并修改成zabbix_agentd.conf.j2通用模板文件:

# cp /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-agent/templates/zabbix_agentd.conf.j2

# vim /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-agent/templates/zabbix_agentd.conf.j2

修改前

修改后

Server=192.168.0.120

Server={{zabbix_server}}

ListenPort=10050

ListenPort={{listen_port}}

ListenIP=192.168.0.120

ListenIP={{ansible_host}}

ServerActive=192.168.0.120

ServerActive={{zabbix_server}}

Hostname=zabbix-server

Hostname={{inventory_hostname}}

# HostMetadata=

HostMetadata={{inventory_hostname}}

 (4)修改/etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-agent/vars/main.yml配置文件:

# vim /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-agent/vars/main.yml

zabbix_server: 192.168.0.120

listen_port: 10050

备注:不能有中横杠,下划线可以

11、zabbix-server节点查看roles目录结构:

# yum -y install tree

# cd /etc/ansible

# tree

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12、zabbix-server节点编写playbook并执行:

# mkdir -pv /playbooks

# vim /playbooks/zabbix-agent.yml

- hosts: all

remote_user: root

roles:

- prepare

- zabbix-agent

# ansible-playbook --syntax-check /playbooks/zabbix-agent.yml

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# ansible-playbook -C /playbooks/zabbix-agent.yml

# ansible-playbook /playbooks/zabbix-agent.yml

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13、Zabbix Web中定义动作:

Configuration --> Actions --> Auto registration --> Create action --> Add

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14、查看已添加主机:

Configuration --> Hosts

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15、查看2节点最新监控数据:

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