01:k8s 安装部署

k8s 官网详解:
https://www.kubernetes.org.cn/k8s


准备环境:三台centos7 服务器
192.168.6.129 k8s-master(主)
192.168.6.130 k8s-node-1(节点)
192.168.6.131 k8s-node-2(节点)

#kubernetes(k8s)的安装方法

五种方法:
kubernetes 二进制安装 (配置最繁琐,不亚于安装openstack)
kubeadm 安装 (谷歌推出的自动化安装工具,网络有要求)
minikube 安装 (仅仅用来体验k8s)
yum 安装 (最简单,版本比较低====学习推荐此种方法)
go编译安装 (最难)


我们采用yum安装,学习怎么使用k8s才是重点。

1:修改主机和host 解析
#请在129-130-131三台机器都执行如下操作
vim /etc/hosts:
192.168.6.129 k8s-master
192.168.6.130 k8s-node-1
192.168.6.131 k8s-node-2

修改主机名:
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node-1
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node-2

2: 安装docker 1.12版本,系统自带的1.13有点小bug,需要修改,不然后期容器网络通讯会不通
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum provides docker
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
2:docker-1.13.1-102.git7f2769b.el7.centos.x86_64 : Automates deployment of
: containerized applicat
Repo : extras
2:docker-1.13.1-103.git7f2769b.el7.centos.x86_64 : Automates deployment of
: containerized applications
Repo : extras
[root@k8s-master ~]#

#去官网找1.12版本docker
http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/

#需要提前安装 CentOS-Base.repo源
三台机器都需要下载这三个docker包:
http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

[root@k8s-master ~]# ls
docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp * 192.168.6.130:~
[email protected]'s password:
docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 15MB 30.7MB/s 00:00
docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 3451KB 29.6MB/s 00:00
docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 83KB 6.9MB/s 00:00
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp * 192.168.6.131:~
[email protected]'s password:
docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 15MB 24.2MB/s 00:00
docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 3451KB 23.3MB/s 00:00
docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 83KB 5.8MB/s 00:00
[root@k8s-master ~]#

(1):卸载系统已经安装的docker
由于笔者前面安装有docker-ce版本,需要全部卸载干净(推荐你使用全新的机器安装)
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rpm -qa |grep docker
docker-ce-19.03.3-3.el7.x86_64
docker-ce-cli-19.03.3-3.el7.x86_64
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rpm -e docker-ce-19.03.3-3.el7.x86_64
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rpm -e docker-ce-cli-19.03.3-3.el7.x86_642
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker/* 清空之前docker产生的所有文件。
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rm -rf /etc/docker/*

3:在三台都安装docker 1.12(必须要按如下顺序安装,不然可能会报错)
yum localinstall docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y
yum localinstall docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y
yum localinstall docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y

4:验证docker 是否安装成功
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker -v
Docker version 1.12.6, build 3e8e77d/1.12.6

5:master节点安装etcd (k8s数据库kv类型存储)原生支持做集群
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install etcd.x86_64 -y
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.6.129:2379"

启动
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start etcd.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable etcd.service

测试:
#set 设置一队键值 数据存储
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl set testdir/testkey0 xujin
Xujin
#get获取
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl get testdir/testkey0
xujin
[root@k8s-master ~]#

#检测集群状态
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl -C http://192.168.6.129:2379 cluster-health
member 8e9e05c52164694d is healthy: got healthy result from http://192.168.6.129:2379
cluster is healthy
[root@k8s-master ~]#

6:master节点安装kubernetes
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install kubernetes-master.x86_64 -y
#修改配置文件如下
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
# The address on the local server to listen to.
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"
# The port on the local server to listen on.
KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
# Port minions listen on
KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
# Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://192.168.6.129:2379"
# default admission control policies
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,Securi
tyContextDeny,ResourceQuota"

#修改config文件
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/config
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://192.168.6.129:8080"

启动:k8s

# 启动kube-apiserver
#这个服务用来:接受并响应用户的请求
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver.service

#启动 kube-controller-manager
#控制管理器的概念,保证容器存活
#每隔一段时间去扫描容器状态,看有没有死了。
#容器死了,会调度apiserver再起一个新的容器
#保证容器的个数,比如我们设定起三个nginx容器,多了就会杀掉,少了就会起
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service

#启动kube-scheduler
#调度器,选择启动容器的node节点,通俗点就是容器在哪一个节点服务器上面创建
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler.service
到此主master 129 k8s安装好了。

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

node节点安装kubernetes

(130,131两台服务器都执行如下命令)

yum install kubernetes-node.x86_64 -y

vim /etc/kubernetes/config
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://192.168.6.129:8080"

vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"
# The port for the info server to serve on
KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250"
# You may leave this blank to use the actual hostname
KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=k8s-node-1" #注意131这里需要配置k8s-node-2
# location of the api-server
KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://192.168.6.129:8080"

#启动kubelet服务
#调用docker,管理容器的生命周期
systemctl enable kubelet.service
systemctl start kubelet.service

#启动kube-proxy
#提供容器网络访问
systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
systemctl start kube-proxy.service

检测node集群是否正常:
主master(129)主机执行:
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes #出现如下节点,说明我们节点安装正常
NAME STATUS AGE
k8s-node-1 Ready 6m
k8s-node-2 Ready 6m
[root@k8s-master ~]#

=================================
配置k8s服务器网络:

K8s支持多种网络类型,具体参考官网介绍或者百度。

我们这里选择安装flannel网络。

1: 所有k8s服务器配置flannel网络(129,130,131三台机器都执行如下操作)

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install flannel -y
[root@k8s-master ~]# sed -i 's#http://127.0.0.1:2379#http://192.168.6.129:2379#g' /etc/sysconfig/flanneld
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/flanneld
# Flanneld configuration options
# etcd url location. Point this to the server where etcd runs
FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="http://192.168.6.129:2379"
# etcd config key. This is the configuration key that flannel queries
# For address range assignment
FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/atomic.io/network"
# Any additional options that you want to pass
#FLANNEL_OPTIONS=""
[root@k8s-master ~]#

之后再130,131 两台节点也执行如上步骤就可以了。

2: master(129) 节点:创建网络,并重启服务
#mk 递归创建目录config, 里面存的值是: '{ "Network": "172.16.0.0/16" }'
# key -------------------- value
#网络16位,可以分配足够多的IP地址给容器
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl mk /atomic.io/network/config '{ "Network": "172.16.0.0/16" }'

#master(129)重启服务
[root@k8s-master ~]#systemctl enable flanneld.service
[root@k8s-master ~]#systemctl restart flanneld.service
[root@k8s-master ~]#systemctl restart docker restart
[root@k8s-master ~]#systemctl restart kube-apiserver.service
[root@k8s-master ~]#systemctl restart kube-controller-manager.service
[root@k8s-master ~]#systemctl restart kube-scheduler.service

Node(130,131)节点:重启服务
systemctl enable flanneld.service
systemctl restart flanneld.service
service docker restart
systemctl restart kubelet.service
systemctl restart kube-proxy.service

3:测试容器网络
#三台都起一个容器,看ip a地址,然后互相ping,发现都是通的
[root@k8s-master ~]# docker run -it busybox
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# docker run -it busybox
[root@k8s-node-2 ~]# docker run -it busybox
/ # ping baidu.com #首先看是否外网正常
PING baidu.com (39.156.69.79): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 39.156.69.79: seq=0 ttl=127 time=30.514 ms
/ # ip a #查看各自的自动生成的IP,互相ping会发现也是通的。

到此网络也配置正常,基础的k8s搭建完毕!

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/jim-xu/p/11873442.html