安装mysql5.7.23 (最新8.0.1)

如果出现问题请翻到最底部，会有可能出现的解决方案

1.下载
wget: https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2、将mysql安装到/usr/local/mysql下
# 解压
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

# 移动
mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/

# 重命名
mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  /usr/local/mysql

3.新建data目录
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

4、新建mysql用户、mysql用户组
# mysql用户组
groupadd mysql

# mysql用户
useradd mysql -g mysql

5、将/usr/local/mysql的所有者及所属组改为mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql


6、配置（实列化成功会出现密码root@localhost: q9fSP9uRDa-R）
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

#如果报错， 则使用以下命令：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
或者
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc_messages=en_US

7.添加my.cnf(5.7.23没有默认my.cnf需要自己配置)
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysql]  
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集  
default-character-set=utf8   
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  
[mysqld]  
#skip-name-resolve  
#设置3306端口  
port = 3306   
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  
# 设置mysql的安装目录  
basedir=/usr/local/mysql  
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录  
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data  
# 允许最大连接数  
max_connections=10000  
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集  
character-set-server=utf8  
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎  
default-storage-engine=INNODB  
#lower_case_table_name=1  
max_allowed_packet=16M

8.开机启动

加入服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# 开机自启
chkconfig mysql on
# 开启
service mysql start

9.登录mysql修改密码（之前实列化有密码）
mysql -u root -p 
修改密码
set password = password('密码')

10.允许远程访问
mysql -u root -p
use mysql;
update user set host='%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;
eixt;

***************** 可能出现问题和解决方案 *******************

二进制安装mysql初始化出现：Installing MySQL system tables.../usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared

原因：缺少libaio库文件

解决方法：yum install libaio* -y

出现：Starting MySQL.2019-11-13T01:52:46.980719Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.

The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql[FAILED]bp1629dthbt44srhzw93Z.pid).

解决方案

1、mkdir /var/log/mariadb
2、touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
3、chown -R mysql:db /var/log/mariadb/
4、chown -R mysql:db /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
5、chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log

出现：mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.

解决方案

1、 mkdir /var/lib/mysql
2、chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql

出现：-bash: mysql: command not found

解决方案

1、ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

出现：You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement

解决方案：

ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '密码';