自动化测试中级篇——LazyAndroid UI自动化测试框架使用指南

原文地址https://blog.csdn.net/iamhuanggua/article/details/53104345

简介

 

       一直以来,安卓UI自动化测试都存在以下两个障碍,一是测试工具Mokey/Appium等的学习成本较高,不方便刚接触移动端自动化的新手入门;另一个是,在测试代码书写中耗费在控件元素查找上的时间太多,在一些稍微复杂的应用中尤其突出。LazyAndroid正是为了解决这些问题而诞生的一款UI自动化测试框架。它基于appium,封装了appiumDriver的设置、安卓基本控件的使用和手机的滑动、按键等基本操作,增加了元素查找的重试机制、异常处理截屏等。结合LazyUiautomaterViewer工具自动生成的bean层java代码,更可以使QA可以无需亲自动手完成具体页面中控件的抓取,无需关心appium api的使用,即可轻松完成测试逻辑代码的书写。

使用方法

一.下载源码进行编译,将源码编译生成的jar包推送到目标maven 私服仓库或者直接将jar包导入到测试项目中。源码下载地址: http://github.com/lazytestteam/LazyAndroid

二.建立测试工程,引入上面的jar包,开始测试代码的书写。下面以测试京东钱包apk的登陆和转账功能为例,以Maven作为项目管理工具,结合LazyUiAutomaterViewer工具进行示范(LazyAndroid也可以不依赖LazyUiAutomaterViewer单独使用)。

建立maven测试工程(前提是已下载安装maven和IDE的maven插件),在pom文件中添加jar包依赖(jar包已推到我们公司maven私服)。

Pom文件如下:

<projectxmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>LazyAndroidTestDemo</groupId>

    <artifactId>LazyAndroidTestDemo</artifactId>

    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <build>

                  <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>

                  <plugins>

                                <plugin>

                                              <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

                                              <version>3.1</version>

                                              <configuration>

                                                            <source>1.7</source>

                                                            <target>1.7</target>

                                              </configuration>

                                </plugin>

                  </plugins>

    </build>

    <dependencies>

                  <dependency>

                                <groupId>org.testng</groupId>

                                <artifactId>testng</artifactId>

                                <version>6.9.9</version>

                  </dependency>

                  <dependency>

                                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>

                                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>

                                <version>1.7.2</version>

                  </dependency>

                  <dependency>

                                <groupId>lazyAndroid</groupId>

                                <artifactId>lazyAndroid</artifactId>

                                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

                  </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

三.抓取页面元素导出java文件。

手机使用USB线连上电脑,启动LazyUiAutomaterViewer,进行截屏和抓取。LazyUiAutomaterViewer工具的获取及使用方法参见《LazyUiAutomatorViewer使用说明》

四.开始测试代码的书写:

  • 导入Bean层代码。将LazyUiAutomaterViewer自动生成的java代码导入到项目bean层中。

下面是京东钱包登录页使用LazyUiAutomaterViewer自动抓取、导出的java文件:

package test.java.bean;

import lazy.android.annotations.*;

import lazy.android.bean.BaseBean;

import lazy.android.controls.*;

import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;

 

/**

 * Gennerated by lazyUiautomaterViewer.

 */

public classLoginBean extendsBaseBean{

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.TextView[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/txt_main_title']"})

   @Description(description="登录")

   public  PlainText textView1;

  @Xpath(xpath={"//android.view.View[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/view_divider_line']"})

   @Description(description="")

   public  View view1;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.ScrollView[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/fragment_container']"})

   @Description(description="")

   public  View scrollView2;

 

  @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.RadioGroup[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/main_footbar_menu']"})

   @Description(description="")

   public  View radioGroup3;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.RadioButton[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/login_tab_phone']"})

   @Description(description="钱包账户")

   public  Click jdpayAccount;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.RadioButton[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/login_tab_jd']"})

   @Description(description="京东账户")

   public  Click jdAccount;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.LinearLayout[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/layout_login_jd']/android.view.View[1]"})

   @Description(description="")

   public  View view4;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.EditText[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/cp_input_combox_jd']"})

   @Description(description="京东商城手机号/用户名/邮箱")

   public  Text editTextUserName;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.TextView[@text='账号']"})

   @Description(description="账号")

   public  PlainText textView2;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.ImageView"})

   @Description(description="")

   public  View imageView5;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.EditText[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/cp_input_pwd']"})

   @Description(description="")

   public  Text editJDTextPwd;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.TextView[@text='密码']"})

   @Description(description="密码")

   public  PlainText textView3;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.LinearLayout[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/layout_login_jd']/android.view.View[2]"})

   @Description(description="")

   public  View view6;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.Button[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/btn_login_jd']"})

   @Description(description="登录")

   public  Click buttonLogin;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.TextView[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/txt_jd_register']"})

   @Description(description="注册京东账户")

   public  PlainText textView4;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.TextView[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/txt_forget_pwd']"})

   @Description(description="忘记密码?")

   public  PlainText textView5;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.EditText[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/cp_input_combox_wy']"})

   @Description(description="请填写手机号")

   public  Text editTextPhone;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.TextView[@text='手机号']"})

   @Description(description="手机号")

   public  PlainText textViewPhone;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.Button[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/btn_login']"})

   @Description(description="下一步")

   public  Click nextStep;

   

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.EditText[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/cp_input_pwd']"})

   @Description(description="")

   public  Text editjdPayTextPwd;

 

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.TextView[@text='密码']"})

   @Description(description="密码")

   public  PlainText textViewPwd;

   

   @Xpath(xpath={"//android.widget.Button[@resource-id='com.wangyin.payment:id/btn_login']"})

   @Description(description="登录")

   public  Click jdpayLogin;

 

   publicLoginBean(AppiumDriveraDriver){super(aDriver);}

}

 

 

  • page层代码编写。根据测试逻辑,完成page层代码的书写。基于bean层定义的控件变量,完成基本操作。

package test.java.page;

importorg.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

importorg.slf4j.Logger;

importorg.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import test.java.bean.LifeBean;

import test.java.bean.LifeBean2;

importtest.java.bean.LoginBean;

importtest.java.bean.MineBean;

importtest.java.bean.TodayBean;

importio.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;

importlazy.android.common.LazyDriver;

 

public class DemoPage {

     private Loggerlogger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

     private LazyDriverlazyDriver;

     private AppiumDriverdriver;

     private TodayBeantodayBean;

     private LifeBean2lifeBean2;

     private MineBeanmineBean;

     private LoginBeanloginBean;

 

     /**

      * 构造函数

      * @param aLazyDriver

      */

     public DemoPage(LazyDriveraLazyDriver) {

         lazyDriver = aLazyDriver;

         driver = lazyDriver.getDriver();

         todayBean = new TodayBean(driver);

         new LifeBean(driver);

         lifeBean2 = new LifeBean2(driver);

         mineBean = new MineBean(driver);

         loginBean = new LoginBean(driver);

     }

    

     /**

      * 登陆操作

      */

     public void login() {

         logger.info("login by jdpay account!");

         todayBean.textViewToday.expectElementExistOrNot(true);

         todayBean.textViewMine.expectElementExistOrNot(true);

         todayBean.textViewMine.click();

         lazyDriver.handleFailure("screen test:");

         mineBean.login.expectElementExistOrNot(true);

         mineBean.login.click();

         loginBean.jdpayAccount.expectElementExistOrNot(true);

         loginBean.jdpayAccount.click();

         loginBean.editTextPhone.input("13034631475");

         loginBean.nextStep.click();

         loginBean.editjdPayTextPwd.expectElementExistOrNot(true);

         loginBean.editjdPayTextPwd.input("haha123");

         loginBean.jdpayLogin.click();       

         lazyDriver.swipeToLeft();

     }

    

     /**

      * 转账操作

      * @throws InterruptedException

      */

     public void doTranAccount() throws InterruptedException {

         logger.info("transfer accounts!");

         todayBean.textViewLife.click();

         lazyDriver.swipeDown();

         lazyDriver.swipeToLeft();

         lifeBean2.textViewTransAccount.click();

         WebElement wl = lazyDriver.findElementByText("转账给朋友");

         wl.click();

         Thread.sleep(1000);

         lazyDriver.goBack();

         lazyDriver.goBack();

     }

}

      其中,需要注意一下构造函数。在Page层的构造函数中,需要做两个事情。一个是给LazyDriver赋值(通过Test层传递过来的LazyDriver对象),另一个是通过LazyDriver对象获取appiumDriver,来构造Bean层的类。Page层用到的所有bean层类都需要传入appiumDriver进行构造,见下图:

 

 

 

 

  • 调用page层方法,完成测试。

package test.java.test;

importjava.net.MalformedURLException;

importorg.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

importorg.testng.annotations.Test;

importtest.java.page.DemoPage;

importlazy.android.common.LazyDriver;

 

public class DemoTest {

     private DemoPagedemoPage;

    

     @BeforeClass

     public void init() throws MalformedURLException {

         LazyDriver lazyDriver =new LazyDriver("jdpay.apk","com.wangyin.payment",".home.ui.MainActivity","4.2.2",false);

         demoPage = new DemoPage(lazyDriver);

     }

    

     /**

      * 登陆测试

      */

     @Test

     public void loginTest() {

         demoPage.login();

     }

    

     /**

      * 转账测试

      * @throws InterruptedException

      */

     @Test

     public void tranAccount() throws InterruptedException {

         demoPage.doTranAccount();

     }

}

 

         在test层代码的BeforeClass(这个demo使用了testng,但是不是必须的)中,构造了一个lazyDriver,然后通过它去构造page层的类。

            和如下appiumDriver的繁琐设置相比较,是不是简化很多了?

       Bean、Page和Test层是我们在测试代码编写过程中,为了区分代码层次,根据代码功能定义的三个包名,不是必须的,大家可以灵活处理。

五.启动appium, 运行或调试测试代码,执行测试。

Demo工程源码:https://github.com/lazytestteam/LazyAndroidDemo

详细的使用说明请参考 http://blog.csdn.net/kaka1121/article/details/53301517

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/111testing/p/8960716.html