mysql+keepalived 实现主主高可用

经过实测效果还不错，特地写了下文档。

所需软件mysql、keepalived

mysql version: Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.77, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.

keepalived version: v1.1.20 (07/12,2010)

mysql vip:192.168.127.217

mysql A ip:192.168.127.218 hosts:里面192.168.127.214 rrstwo

mysql B ip:192.168.127.214 hosts:里面192.168.127.218 rrsone

需要同步的是joycdn数据库

A：
mysql> grant replication slave,file on *.* to 'blackhat1'@'192.168.127.214' identified
by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
B：
mysql> grant replication slave,file on *.* to 'blackhat2'@'192.168.127.218' identified
by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
然后都停止MYSQL 服务器。

配置文件。
在两个机器上的my.cnf里面都开启二进制日志。
A：
user = mysql
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id = 1

server-id = 2

master-host = rrstwo

master-user = blackhat2

master-password = 123456

master-port = 3306

binlog-do-db=joycdn
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-do-db=joycdn
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors=all
sync_binlog=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1

B：
user = mysql
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id = 2

server-id = 2

master-host = rrsone

master-user = blackhat1

master-password = 123456

master-port = 3306

注意 sync_binlog=1 为实时刷新到本地磁盘上，这样是为了安全起见，当然性能也会下降，如果不设置日志是存在内存中的，如果是10或者是N，也就说执行10条或者N条操作后就同步到磁盘上。

在A上面的两条

auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1

在Aserver上面这两条加上的效果是这样的auto_increment字段产生的数值是：1, 3, 5, 7, …等奇数ID了

auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=2

在Bserver上面这两条加上的效果是这样的auto_increment字段产生的数值是：2, 4, 6, 8, …等偶数ID了

然后启动两台数据库

mysqld_safe --user=user & or service mysqld start

登录数据库创建一个表

CREATE TABLE `blackhat` (

`id` int(10) NOT NULL auto_increment,

`tell` varchar(19) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`id`))；

我们可以测试一下首先在A server上连续插三条数据：

mysql> insert into blackhat (tell) values ('one');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> insert into blackhat (tell) values ('two');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> insert into blackhat (tell) values ('three');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from blackhat;

+----+-------+

| id | tell |

+----+-------+

| 1 | one |

| 3 | two |

| 5 | three |

然后在到B server上连续插三条数据

mysql> insert into blackhat (tell) values ('four');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)

mysql> insert into blackhat (tell) values ('five');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into blackhat (tell) values ('six');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> select * from blackhat;

+----+-------+

| id | tell |

+----+-------+

| 1 | one |

| 3 | two |

| 5 | three |

| 6 | four |

| 8 | five |

| 10 | six |

+----+-------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

从上面就可以理解这里的含义了。

接下来开始同步数据库数据了，首先看一下两台服务器的master 信息

A:
mysql> flush tables with read lock\G
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
            File: mysql-bin.000007
        Position: 528
    Binlog_Do_DB: joycdn
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

B：
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
            File: mysql-bin.000004
        Position: 595
    Binlog_Do_DB: joycdn
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
然后备份自己的数据，保持两个机器的数据一致。
方法很多。完了后看下一步。

其实在数据库里面修改了user等信息可以不在这里继续修改了。不过position和binlog等文件确是需要改的。
在各自机器上执行CHANGE MASTER TO命令。
A：
mysql> change master to
    -> master_host='rrstwo',
    -> master_user='blackhat2,
    -> master_password='123456',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',
    -> master_log_pos=595;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

B：
mysql> change master to
    -> master_host='rrsone',
    -> master_user='blackhat1',
    -> master_password='123456',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',
    -> master_log_pos=528;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看各自机器上的IO进程和 SLAVE进程是否都开启。

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: rrstwo

Master_User: blackhat2

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4281328

Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000010

Relay_Log_Pos: 2559

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB: joycdn

Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql

B:
mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: rrsone

Master_User:blackhat1

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000012

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4515490

Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000009

Relay_Log_Pos: 4454857

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000012

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB: joycdn

Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql

只要 Slave_IO_Running: Yes 都是yes就是正常。

这个时候你可以在两台服务器上进行建表测试。

此时数据库的主主同步已经实现，开始对高可用进行部署。

首先安装

yum install ipvsadm -y

继续安装keepalived

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

make && make install

开始配置

安装keepalived 需要依赖kernel-devel 开发包在安装之前建议先安装 yum install kerlnel-devel -y 来进行安装。

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