saltstack主要有两种数据系统：
- Grains
- Pillar
一、数据系统-Grains
1.1、Grains简介
1）当minion启动后会收集自身的状态信息即grains信息，grains信息是静态的，存储在minion端，如操作系统版本，内核版本，CPU，内存，硬盘，设备型号等。这些信息可以作为master端的匹配目标
2）master端可以自定义grains设置，但需要执行命令推送到minion端
3）master端推送的数据会存放在minion端的/var/cache/salt
1.2、使用grains查询minion端相关信息
1）salt '*' grains.ls ==>列出所有可打印的状态模块
[root@salt-master ~]# salt 'salt-minion1-c7' grains.ls
salt-minion1-c7:
- SSDs
- biosreleasedate
- biosversion
- cpu_flags
- cpu_model
- cpuarch
- disks
- dns
- domain
- fqdn
- fqdn_ip4
- fqdn_ip6
- fqdns
- gid
- gpus
- groupname
- host
- hwaddr_interfaces
- id
- init
- ip4_gw
- ip4_interfaces
- ip6_gw
- ip6_interfaces
- ip_gw
- ip_interfaces
- ipv4
- ipv6
- kernel
- kernelrelease
- kernelversion
- locale_info
- localhost
- lsb_distrib_codename
- lsb_distrib_id
- machine_id
- manufacturer
- master
- mdadm
- mem_total
- nodename
- num_cpus
- num_gpus
- os
- os_family
- osarch
- oscodename
- osfinger
- osfullname
- osmajorrelease
- osrelease
- osrelease_info
- path
- pid
- productname
- ps
- pythonexecutable
- pythonpath
- pythonversion
- saltpath
- saltversion
- saltversioninfo
- selinux
- serialnumber
- server_id
- shell
- swap_total
- systemd
- uid
- username
- uuid
- virtual
- zfs_feature_flags
- zfs_support
- zmqversion
2）salt '*' grains.items ==>列出状态信息
[root@salt-master ~]# salt 'salt-minion1-c7' grains.items
salt-minion1-c7:
----------
SSDs:
biosreleasedate:
05/19/2017
biosversion:
6.00
cpu_flags:
- fpu
- vme
- de
- pse
- tsc
- msr
- pae
- mce
- cx8
- apic
- sep
- mtrr
- pge
- mca
- cmov
- pat
- pse36
- clflush
- mmx
- fxsr
- sse
- sse2
- ss
- syscall
- nx
- pdpe1gb
- rdtscp
- lm
- constant_tsc
- arch_perfmon
- nopl
- xtopology
- tsc_reliable
- nonstop_tsc
- eagerfpu
- pni
- pclmulqdq
- ssse3
- fma
- cx16
- pcid
- sse4_1
- sse4_2
- x2apic
- movbe
- popcnt
- tsc_deadline_timer
- aes
- xsave
- avx
- f16c
- rdrand
- hypervisor
- lahf_lm
- abm
- 3dnowprefetch
- fsgsbase
- tsc_adjust
- bmi1
- avx2
- smep
- bmi2
- invpcid
- rdseed
- adx
- smap
- xsaveopt
- arat
cpu_model:
Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8550U CPU @ 1.80GHz
cpuarch:
x86_64
disks:
- sda
- sr0
dns:
----------
domain:
ip4_nameservers:
- 223.5.5.5
ip6_nameservers:
nameservers:
- 223.5.5.5
options:
search:
sortlist:
domain:
fqdn:
salt-minion1-c7
fqdn_ip4:
- 10.0.0.21
fqdn_ip6:
- fe80::20c:29ff:fe3e:9d2f
fqdns:
gid:
0
gpus:
|_
----------
model:
SVGA II Adapter
vendor:
vmware
groupname:
root
host:
salt-minion1-c7
hwaddr_interfaces:
----------
eth0:
00:0c:29:3e:9d:2f
lo:
00:00:00:00:00:00
id:
salt-minion1-c7
init:
systemd
ip4_gw:
10.0.0.254
ip4_interfaces:
----------
eth0:
- 10.0.0.21
lo:
- 127.0.0.1
ip6_gw:
False
ip6_interfaces:
----------
eth0:
- fe80::20c:29ff:fe3e:9d2f
lo:
- ::1
ip_gw:
True
ip_interfaces:
----------
eth0:
- 10.0.0.21
- fe80::20c:29ff:fe3e:9d2f
lo:
- 127.0.0.1
- ::1
ipv4:
- 10.0.0.21
- 127.0.0.1
ipv6:
- ::1
- fe80::20c:29ff:fe3e:9d2f
kernel:
Linux
kernelrelease:
3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
kernelversion:
#1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017
locale_info:
----------
defaultencoding:
UTF-8
defaultlanguage:
en_US
detectedencoding:
UTF-8
localhost:
salt-minion1-c7
lsb_distrib_codename:
CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
lsb_distrib_id:
CentOS Linux
machine_id:
6a95166986604960b8a690e6e5103d2f
manufacturer:
VMware, Inc.
master:
10.0.0.11
mdadm:
mem_total:
976
nodename:
salt-minion1-c7
num_cpus:
1
num_gpus:
1
os:
CentOS
os_family:
RedHat
osarch:
x86_64
oscodename:
CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
osfinger:
CentOS Linux-7
osfullname:
CentOS Linux
osmajorrelease:
7
osrelease:
7.4.1708
osrelease_info:
- 7
- 4
- 1708
path:
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
pid:
15941
productname:
VMware Virtual Platform
ps:
ps -efHww
pythonexecutable:
/usr/bin/python
pythonpath:
- /usr/bin
- /usr/lib64/python27.zip
- /usr/lib64/python2.7
- /usr/lib64/python2.7/plat-linux2
- /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-tk
- /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-old
- /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-dynload
- /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages
- /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/gtk-2.0
- /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages
pythonversion:
- 2
- 7
- 5
- final
- 0
saltpath:
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/salt
saltversion:
2019.2.0
saltversioninfo:
- 2019
- 2
- 0
- 0
selinux:
----------
enabled:
False
enforced:
Disabled
serialnumber:
VMware-56 4d e6 d4 88 d2 ac 39-c3 e1 9b 64 a5 3e 9d 2f
server_id:
1333013820
shell:
/bin/sh
swap_total:
2047
systemd:
----------
features:
+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA -APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ -LZ4 -SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN
version:
219
uid:
0
username:
root
uuid:
d4e64d56-d288-39ac-c3e1-9b64a53e9d2f
virtual:
VMware
zfs_feature_flags:
False
zfs_support:
False
zmqversion:
4.1.4
3）salt '*' grains.item fqdn_ip4 ==>列出特定的状态项，如获取minion的ip地址
[root@salt-master ~]# salt '*' grains.item fqdn_ip4
salt-minion1-c7:
----------
fqdn_ip4:
- 10.0.0.21
salt-minion2-c7:
----------
fqdn_ip4:
- 10.0.0.22
salt-minion3-c7:
----------
fqdn_ip4:
- 10.0.0.23
salt-minion4-c6:
----------
fqdn_ip4:
[root@salt-master ~]# salt 'salt-minion4-c6' grains.item ip4_interfaces:eth0
salt-minion4-c6:
----------
ip4_interfaces:eth0:
- 10.0.0.24
4）salt '*' grains.get [key] ==>获取相关信息
[root@salt-master ~]# salt '*' grains.get saltversion
salt-minion2-c7:
2019.2.0
salt-minion1-c7:
2019.2.0
salt-minion3-c7:
2019.2.0
salt-minion4-c6:
2019.2.0
[root@salt-master ~]# salt '*' grains.get ip4_interfaces:eth0
salt-minion1-c7:
- 10.0.0.21
salt-minion2-c7:
- 10.0.0.22
salt-minion3-c7:
- 10.0.0.23
salt-minion4-c6:
- 10.0.0.24
5）salt –G ==>指定匹配目标的主机执行命令
[root@salt-master ~]# salt -G 'osmajorrelease:7' cmd.run 'uptime' #在centos7上执行，centos6不执行
salt-minion1-c7:
00:10:36 up 5:30, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
salt-minion2-c7:
00:10:36 up 5:30, 2 users, load average: 0.08, 0.05, 0.05
salt-minion3-c7:
00:10:36 up 5:30, 2 users, load average: 0.04, 0.03, 0.05
[root@salt-master ~]# salt -G 'os:CentOS' cmd.run 'uptime' #在系统是centos的主机上执行
salt-minion3-c7:
00:10:56 up 5:30, 2 users, load average: 0.03, 0.03, 0.05
salt-minion2-c7:
00:10:56 up 5:30, 2 users, load average: 0.05, 0.05, 0.05
salt-minion4-c6:
08:09:26 up 5:28, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
salt-minion1-c7:
00:10:56 up 5:30, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05