zz-CentOS 7 通过 yum 安装 MariaDB

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/49046496

以下操作都以 root 用户进行操作

安装

安装 mariadb 服务

# yum install -y mariadb-server

安装 mariadb 命令行客户端

# yum install -y mariadb

安装 mariadb C library

# yum install -y mariadb-libs

安装 mariadb 开发包

# yum install -y mariadb-devel

更改配置

更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf 文件

[client] 下加一行配置 default-character-set=utf8

最终内容

#
# These two groups are read by the client library
# Use it for options that affect all clients, but not the server
#


[client] default-character-set = utf8 # This group is not read by mysql client library, # If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB, # use it for MariaDB-only client options [client-mariadb]

更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf 文件

[mysql] 下加一行配置 default-character-set=utf8

最终内容

#
# These groups are read by MariaDB command-line tools
# Use it for options that affect only one utility
#

[mysql] default-character-set = utf8 [mysql_upgrade] [mysqladmin] [mysqlbinlog] [mysqlcheck] [mysqldump] [mysqlimport] [mysqlshow] [mysqlslap]

更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf 配置

[mysqld] 下加配置

collation-server = utf8_general_ci

init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'

character-set-server = utf8

sql-mode = TRADITIONAL

最终内容

#
# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see
#
# See the examples of server my.cnf files in /usr/share/mysql/ # # this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers [server] # this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon [mysqld] collation-server = utf8_general_ci init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8' character-set-server = utf8 sql-mode = TRADITIONAL # this is only for embedded server [embedded] # This group is only read by MariaDB-5.5 servers. # If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions, # use this group for options that older servers don't understand [mysqld-5.5] # These two groups are only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL. # If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB, # you can put MariaDB-only options here [mariadb] [mariadb-5.5]

以上配置的更改参考

Setting Character Sets and Collationsmariadb.com SQL_MODEmariadb.com

启动

启动服务

# systemctl start mariadb

设置服务开启自启动

# systemctl enable mariadb

查看服务状态

# systemctl status mariadb

可能的输出为，注意到 Active 状态为 active (running)

● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2018-11-09 12:49:23 CST; 19min ago
 Main PID: 1510 (mysqld_safe)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
           ├─1510 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
           └─2030 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-...

11月 09 12:49:15 peixinchen.host systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB database server...
11月 09 12:49:17 peixinchen.host mariadb-prepare-db-dir[1062]: Database MariaDB is probably initialized in /var/lib/m...ne.
11月 09 12:49:19 peixinchen.host mysqld_safe[1510]: 181109 12:49:19 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
11月 09 12:49:19 peixinchen.host mysqld_safe[1510]: 181109 12:49:19 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databas...mysql
11月 09 12:49:23 peixinchen.host systemd[1]: Started MariaDB database server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

测试连接

使用命令行客户端尝试连接

# mysql -uroot

可能的输出为

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

查看 mariadb 版本号

MariaDB [(none)]> select version();
+----------------+
| version()      |
+----------------+
| 5.5.60-MariaDB |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

查看字符集配置

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%char%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

目前我们的 mariadb 用户是没有密码的，是非常不安全的，需要执行以下步骤

# mysql_secure_installation

选择 Y/N 的时候都选 Y，

在

New password:

Re-enter new password:

时设置你自己的 root 密码

使用命令行客户端尝试连接（带密码）

# mysql -uroot -p

随后输入你刚才设置的密码，可能的输出为

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

编辑于 2018-11-19