pom.xml对于maven就好比build.xml对于ant。
pom.xml主要对源代码、配置文件、开发者信息和角色、问题追踪系统、组织信息、项目授权、项目url、项目的依赖关系等。
pom.xml大体的格式如下：
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<!-- The Basics -->
<groupId>...</groupId>
<artifactId>...</artifactId>
<version>...</version>
<packaging>...</packaging>
<dependencies>...</dependencies>
<parent>...</parent>
<dependencyManagement>...</dependencyManagement>
<modules>...</modules>
<properties>...</properties>
<!-- Build Settings -->
<build>...</build>
<reporting>...</reporting>
<!-- More Project Information -->
<name>...</name>
<description>...</description>
<url>...</url>
<inceptionYear>...</inceptionYear>
<licenses>...</licenses>
<organiztion>...</organiztion>
<contributors>...</contributors>
<!-- Environment Settings -->
<issueManagement>...</issueManagement>
<ciManagement>...</ciManagement>
<mailingLists>...</mailingLists>
<scm>...</scm>
<prerequisites>...</prerequisites>
<repositories>...</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>...</pluginRespositories>
<distributionManagement>...</distributionManagement>
<profiles>...</profiles>
</project>
pom关系：主要是依赖，继承，合成
依赖关系
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.0</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>test</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
...
</dependencies>
继承关系
<parent>
<groupId>...</groupId>
<artifactId>...</artifactId>
<version>...</version>
</parent>
聚合关系：可将多个maven项目聚合为一个大的项目
<project ...>
<modelVersoin>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>...</groupId>
<artifactId>...</artifactId>
<version>...</version>
<modules>
<module>my-project<module>
</modules>
</project>