Quartz 是一个功能强大的作业调度工具。
日程安排好了之后，我们就要去执行，Quartz可以计划的执行这些任务，定时、循环或在某一个时间来执行我们需要做的事，用到Quartz可以很好的解决我们平时工作中的琐碎麻烦的事：比如，数据库系统需要我们每天23：50的时候需要执行一次备份，每月的15号需要将公司账目平台里的工资表导出……有了Quartz可以很好的来解决这些问题，不需要我们手动来执行。
Quartz官网:http://quartz-scheduler.org/ 可以在这里下载Quartz，也可以到我共享的资源里下载，免分的，请点击这里-》http://down.51cto.com/data/426993
我下载的是当前最新版本quartz-2.1.5。下载后，我们的压缩包里有：
docs文件夹：里面是Quartz的API、表数据库、图片文件夹
examples:里面是官方提供的一些DEMO
lib:第三方库，一些特性需要它们依靠
quartz：源码
quartz-*:支持各框架的源码
*.jar：一些JAR包
……
下面我们可以将官网下载的安装包里提供的例子导入到自己的IDE中，我使用的是MyEclipse8.5+Apache Tomcat6.0+JDK1.6.0。
创建一个Web应用程序，将第三方库lib文件夹下的jar包（quartz依赖的包）以及quartz-all-2.1.5.jar拷贝到WEB-INF/lib下，把examples/src文件夹拷贝到你的项目src下，刷新下项目，可能会出错，解决办法看这篇[MyEclipse中一些有趣的快捷键]这样即完成示例的准备工作。
来看官网提供的第一个例子：example1
注:将resources这个包里的log4j.xml、quartz_priority.properties这两个拷贝到src下,完整的如下：
先配置好日志文件，下面将会使用输出控制台打印出信息。
HelloJob.java
package org.quartz.examples.example1;
import java.util.Date;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* 这仅仅是一个打印"hello world"的工作例子
* @author 束洋洋
* @createDate 2012-6-4下午10:13:34
*/
public class HelloJob implements Job {
private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloJob.class);
/**
* <p>
* Empty constructor for job initilization
* </p>
* <p>
* Quartz requires a public empty constructor so that the
* scheduler can instantiate the class whenever it needs.
* </p>
*/
public HelloJob() {
}
/**
* <p>
* Called by the <code>{@link org.quartz.Scheduler}</code> when a
* <code>{@link org.quartz.Trigger}</code> fires that is associated with
* the <code>Job</code>.
* </p>
*
* @throws JobExecutionException
* if there is an exception while executing the job.
*/
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
throws JobExecutionException {
// Say Hello to the World and display the date/time
_log.info("Hello World! - " + new Date());
}
}
这是任务执行类，需要实现job接口，在execute方法里写具体的任务实现。org.quartz.JobExecutionContext这个对象可以获取到任务调度程序里传递过来的参数，后面讲到。
SimpleExample.java（任务调度程序类）
Quartz框架执行任务调度步骤：
创建Scheduler对象，可以从SchedulerFactory类里取得。
SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
创建JobDetail对象，执行任务调度的方法，这个方法实现了job接口
JobDetail job = newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.build();
构造job的触发器对象，可以指定任务时间或周期。
Trigger trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.startAt(runTime)
.build();
告诉Quartz安排工作使用的触发器（安排任务）
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
开始调度任务程序
sched.start();
暂停调度任务,调用standby()使Scheduler回到"stand-by"模式。再次调用start()方法，使Scheduler回到运行状态。
sched.standby();
停止调度任务,停止后不能重新开始。
sched.shutdown(true);
/*
* Copyright 2005 - 2009 Terracotta, Inc.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
* use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
* of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
* License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*
*/
package org.quartz.examples.example1;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger;
import static org.quartz.DateBuilder.*;
import java.util.Date;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* This Example will demonstrate how to start and shutdown the Quartz
* scheduler and how to schedule a job to run in Quartz.
*
* @author Bill Kratzer
*/
public class SimpleExample {
public void run() throws Exception {
Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleExample.class);
log.info("------- Initializing ----------------------");
// First we must get a reference to a scheduler
SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
log.info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");
// computer a time that is on the next round minute
Date runTime = evenMinuteDate(new Date());
log.info("------- Scheduling Job -------------------");
// define the job and tie it to our HelloJob class
JobDetail job = newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.build();
// Trigger the job to run on the next round minute
Trigger trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.startAt(runTime)
.build();
// Tell quartz to schedule the job using our trigger
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + runTime);
// Start up the scheduler (nothing can actually run until the
// scheduler has been started)
sched.start();
log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");
// wait long enough so that the scheduler as an opportunity to
// run the job!
log.info("------- Waiting 10 seconds... -------------");
try {
// wait 65 seconds to show job
Thread.sleep(10000);
// executing...
} catch (Exception e) {
}
log.info("------- 暂停下程序... -------------");
sched.standby();
Thread.sleep(10000);
log.info("------- 重新开始程序... -------------");
sched.start();
// shut down the scheduler
log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");
sched.shutdown(true);
log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SimpleExample example = new SimpleExample();
example.run();
}
}
控制台打印信息：
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:06.906 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Initializing ----------------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.062 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory]
Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.078 下午 main [org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool]
Job execution threads will use class loader of thread: main
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl]
Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Quartz Scheduler v.2.1.5 created.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore]
RAMJobStore initialized.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.1.5) 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
NOT STARTED.
Currently in standby mode.
Number of jobs executed: 0
Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory]
Quartz scheduler 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' initialized from default resource file in Quartz package: 'quartz.properties'
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory]
Quartz scheduler version: 2.1.5
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Initialization Complete -----------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.140 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Scheduling Job -------------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
group1.job1 will run at: Wed Jun 06 21:30:00 CST 2012
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.171 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Started Scheduler -----------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Waiting 10 seconds... -------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:17.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- 暂停下程序... -------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:17.171 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED paused.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- 重新开始程序... -------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.171 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Shutting Down ---------------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.171 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutting down.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.171 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED paused.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.578 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutdown complete.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.578 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Shutdown Complete -----------------
这里使用了Thread.sleep(10000); 是为了给调度的程序有时间执行。
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以上属于个人观点，难免有错误，如发现错误请留言告之，我会订正的。
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