原文： https://blog.csdn.net/wangshubo1989/article/details/51100612
debug时候我们可以很快速、精确的定位问题所在。
但是对于release版本，我们往往无能为力。
尤其面对一群难缠的客户，情况就会更加糟糕。
而且对于release版本来说，crash的时候日志系统往往起不到任何作用。而且，我们也不可能捕获所有的异常，更何况，客户端崩溃的原因都是我们捕获不了的异常。
这就需要dump文件了。
dump文件是C++程序发生异常时，保存当时程序运行状态的文件，是调试异常程序重要的方法，所以程序崩溃时，除了日志文件，dump文件便成了我们查找错误的最后一根救命的稻草。
Not all bugs can be found prior to release, which means not all bugs that throw exceptions can be found before release. Fortunately, Microsoft has included in the Platform SDK a function to help developers collect information on exceptions that are discovered by users. The MiniDumpWriteDump function writes the necessary crash dump information to a file without saving the whole process space. This crash dump information file is called a minidump. This technical article provides info about how to write and use a minidump.
SetUnhandledExceptionFilter
调用SetUnhandledExceptionFilter注册一个自定义的异常处理回调函数，也就是在回调函数中进行写minidump文件。
MiniDumpWriteDump
这个函数就是用来写dump了：
#include <dbghelp.h>
#include <shellapi.h>
#include <shlobj.h>
int GenerateDump(EXCEPTION_POINTERS* pExceptionPointers)
{
BOOL bMiniDumpSuccessful;
WCHAR szPath[MAX_PATH];
WCHAR szFileName[MAX_PATH];
WCHAR* szAppName = L"AppName";
WCHAR* szVersion = L"v1.0";
DWORD dwBufferSize = MAX_PATH;
HANDLE hDumpFile;
SYSTEMTIME stLocalTime;
MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION ExpParam;
GetLocalTime( &stLocalTime );
GetTempPath( dwBufferSize, szPath );
StringCchPrintf( szFileName, MAX_PATH, L"%s%s", szPath, szAppName );
CreateDirectory( szFileName, NULL );
StringCchPrintf( szFileName, MAX_PATH, L"%s%s\\%s-%04d%02d%02d-%02d%02d%02d-%ld-%ld.dmp",
szPath, szAppName, szVersion,
stLocalTime.wYear, stLocalTime.wMonth, stLocalTime.wDay,
stLocalTime.wHour, stLocalTime.wMinute, stLocalTime.wSecond,
GetCurrentProcessId(), GetCurrentThreadId());
hDumpFile = CreateFile(szFileName, GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,
FILE_SHARE_WRITE|FILE_SHARE_READ, 0, CREATE_ALWAYS, 0, 0);
ExpParam.ThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
ExpParam.ExceptionPointers = pExceptionPointers;
ExpParam.ClientPointers = TRUE;
bMiniDumpSuccessful = MiniDumpWriteDump(GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentProcessId(),
hDumpFile, MiniDumpWithDataSegs, &ExpParam, NULL, NULL);
return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
}
void SomeFunction()
{
__try
{
int *pBadPtr = NULL;
*pBadPtr = 0;
}
__except(GenerateDump(GetExceptionInformation()))
{
}
}
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
- 29
- 30
- 31
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
- 52
最后，献上完整的代码：
新建一个nimidumo.h:
#pragma once
#include <windows.h>
#include <DbgHelp.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "dbghelp.lib")
#ifndef _M_IX86
#error "The following code only works for x86!"
#endif
inline BOOL IsDataSectionNeeded(const WCHAR* pModuleName)
{
if (pModuleName == 0)
{
return FALSE;
}
WCHAR szFileName[_MAX_FNAME] = L"";
_wsplitpath(pModuleName, NULL, NULL, szFileName, NULL);
if (_wcsicmp(szFileName, L"ntdll") == 0)
return TRUE;
return FALSE;
}
inline BOOL CALLBACK MiniDumpCallback(PVOID pParam,
const PMINIDUMP_CALLBACK_INPUT pInput,
PMINIDUMP_CALLBACK_OUTPUT pOutput)
{
if (pInput == 0 || pOutput == 0)
return FALSE;
switch (pInput->CallbackType)
{
case ModuleCallback:
if (pOutput->ModuleWriteFlags & ModuleWriteDataSeg)
if (!IsDataSectionNeeded(pInput->Module.FullPath))
pOutput->ModuleWriteFlags &= (~ModuleWriteDataSeg);
case IncludeModuleCallback:
case IncludeThreadCallback:
case ThreadCallback:
case ThreadExCallback:
return TRUE;
default:;
}
return FALSE;
}
inline void CreateMiniDump(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pep, LPCTSTR strFileName)
{
HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(strFileName, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
if ((hFile != NULL) && (hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE))
{
MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION mdei;
mdei.ThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
mdei.ExceptionPointers = pep;
mdei.ClientPointers = NULL;
MINIDUMP_CALLBACK_INFORMATION mci;
mci.CallbackRoutine = (MINIDUMP_CALLBACK_ROUTINE)MiniDumpCallback;
mci.CallbackParam = 0;
::MiniDumpWriteDump(::GetCurrentProcess(), ::GetCurrentProcessId(), hFile, MiniDumpNormal, (pep != 0) ? &mdei : 0, NULL, &mci);
CloseHandle(hFile);
}
}
LONG __stdcall MyUnhandledExceptionFilter(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pExceptionInfo)
{
CreateMiniDump(pExceptionInfo, L"core.dmp");
MessageBox(0, L"Error", L"error", MB_OK);
/*printf("Error address %x/n", pExceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress);
printf("CPU register:/n");
printf("eax %x ebx %x ecx %x edx %x/n", pExceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eax,
pExceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Ebx, pExceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Ecx,
pExceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Edx);*/
return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
}
// 此函数一旦成功调用，之后对 SetUnhandledExceptionFilter 的调用将无效
void DisableSetUnhandledExceptionFilter()
{
void* addr = (void*)GetProcAddress(LoadLibrary(L"kernel32.dll"),
"SetUnhandledExceptionFilter");
if (addr)
{
unsigned char code[16];
int size = 0;
code[size++] = 0x33;
code[size++] = 0xC0;
code[size++] = 0xC2;
code[size++] = 0x04;
code[size++] = 0x00;
DWORD dwOldFlag, dwTempFlag;
VirtualProtect(addr, size, PAGE_READWRITE, &dwOldFlag);
WriteProcessMemory(GetCurrentProcess(), addr, code, size, NULL);
VirtualProtect(addr, size, dwOldFlag, &dwTempFlag);
}
}
void InitMinDump()
{
//注册异常处理函数
SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(MyUnhandledExceptionFilter);
//使SetUnhandledExceptionFilter
DisableSetUnhandledExceptionFilter();
}
#pragma once
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
- 16
- 17
- 18
- 19
- 20
- 21
- 22
- 23
- 24
- 25
- 26
- 27
- 28
- 29
- 30
- 31
- 32
- 33
- 34
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 44
- 45
- 46
- 47
- 48
- 49
- 50
- 51
- 52
- 53
- 54
- 55
- 56
- 57
- 58
- 59
- 60
- 61
- 62
- 63
- 64
- 65
- 66
- 67
- 68
- 69
- 70
- 71
- 72
- 73
- 74
- 75
- 76
- 77
- 78
- 79
- 80
- 81
- 82
- 83
- 84
- 85
- 86
- 87
- 88
- 89
- 90
- 91
- 92
- 93
- 94
- 95
- 96
- 97
- 98
- 99
- 100
- 101
- 102
- 103
- 104
- 105
- 106
- 107
- 108
- 109
- 110
- 111
- 112
- 113
- 114
- 115
- 116
- 117
- 118
在我们的main.cc中使用：
#include <iostream>
#include "minidump.h"
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, char * lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(MyUnhandledExceptionFilter);
_asm int 3 //只是为了让程序崩溃
return 0;
}
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
这样，在程序崩溃的时候，我们就会得到一个core.dump文件。
接下来也是重点，如何根据dump文件定位代码：
在VS中 文件->打开->文件
然后就是进行调试：
点击 使用仅限本机进行调试
这里需要注意的是：
dump文件 pdb文件 源码 要保持版本一直，否则就无法准确定位了。