ubuntu下redis安装配置

ubuntu下redis安装配置 一.redis介绍 redis是一个key-value存储系统,与memcached类似,但是解决了断电后数据完全丢失的现象。支持数据类型有string,lists,sets,zsets。这些数据类型都支持push/pop,add/remove以及取交集并集差集等操作,对这些操作都是原子性的,redis还支持各种不同的排序能力。 二.redis安装 $ sudo wget http://redis.googlecode.com/files/redis-2.2.12.tar.gz $ sudo tar zxvf redis-2.2.12.tar.gz -C ../software/ $ sudo cd /usr/local/src/software/redis-2.2.12/src $ sudo make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis-2.2.12 $ sudo make test Testing Redis version 2.2.12 (00000000) 831 tests, 831 passed, 0 failed $ sudo make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis-2.2.12 install 常见错误: (cd ..; tclsh8.5 tests/test_helper.tcl --tags "" --file "") /bin/sh: tclsh8.5: not found make: *** [test] Error 127 解决方法: $ sudo apt-get install tcl8.5 三.redis配置 $ sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/redis-2.2.12/{etc,var} redis-server:redis服务的启动程序 redis-cli:redis命令行操作工具 redis-benchmark:redis性能测试工具 redis-check-aof:更新日志检查 redis-check-dump:本地数据检查 $ sudo cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis-2.2.12/etc/ redis.conf配置参数说明: daemonize //是否以后台进程运行,默认为no pidfile /var/run/redis.pid //pid文件路径 port 6379 //监听端口 bind 127.0.0.1 //绑定主机ip unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock //sock文件路径 timeout 300 //超时时间,默认是300s # debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing) # verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level) # notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably) # warning (only very important / critical messages are logged) loglevel verbose //日志等级,可选项有debug,verbose,notice,warning 默认是erbose logfile stdout //日志记录方式,默认是stdout syslog-enabled no //日志记录到系统日志中,默认是no syslog-ident redis //指定系统日志标识 # Specify the syslog facility. Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7. syslog-facility local0 //指定系统日志设备,默认是local0 # Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select # a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where # dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1 databases 16 //可用数据库数,默认值是16,默认数据库是0 save <seconds> <changes> //在多长时间内,有多少次更新操作,就将数据同步到数据文件。 save 900 1 //15min内至少1个key被改变 save 300 10 //5min内至少有300个key被改变 save 60 10000 //60s内至少有10000个key被改变 rdbcompression yes //存储至本地数据库时是否压缩数据,默认是yes dbfilename dump.rdb //本地数据库文件名,默认是dump.rdb dir ./ //本地数据库存放路径,默认是./ slaveof <masterip> <masterport> //当本机为从服务时,设置主服务的ip以及端口 masterauth <master-password> //主服务的连接密码 # When a slave lost the connection with the master, or when the replication # is still in progress, the slave can act in two different ways: # # 1) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the slave will # still reply to client requests, possibly with out of data data, or the # data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization. # # 2) if slave-serve-stale data is set to 'no' the slave will reply with # an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands # but to INFO and SLAVEOF. # slave-serve-stale-data yes requirepass foobared //连接密码foobared maxclients 128 //最大连接数,默认不限制 maxmemory <bytes> //设置最大内存,达到最大内存设置后,redis会先尝试清除已到期或即将到期的key,当此方法处理后,任然到达最大内存设置,将无法再进行写入操作 maxmemory设置策略 # volatile-lru -> remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm # allkeys-lru -> remove any key accordingly to the LRU algorithm # volatile-random -> remove a random key with an expire set # allkeys->random -> remove a random key, any key # volatile-ttl -> remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL) # noeviction -> don't expire at all, just return an error on write operations maxmemory-policy volatile-lru //maxmemory设置策略,默认是volatile-lru. maxmemory-samples 3 appendonly no //是否 在每次更新操作后进行日志记录,如果不开启,可能会在断电时导致一段时间内的数据丢失。因为redis本身同步数据文件是按照上面save条件来进行同步的,所以有的数据会在一段时间内只存在于内存中。默认是no appendfilename appendonly.aof //更新日志文件名,默认是appendonly.aof redis支持的三种不同的同步方式: # no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster. //等待OS进行数据缓存同步到硬盘 # always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest. //每次更新操作后调用fsync()将数据写到磁盘 # everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise. //每秒同步一次 appendfsync everysec //更新日志条件,默认是everysec no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no slowlog-log-slower-than 10000 //设置redis slow log时间,只包括命令执行时间,不包括IO操作时间,比如客户端连接,应答相应时间等等。单位是microseconds(一百万分之一秒),默认是10000.负值表示禁用slow log,0表示记录所有命令。 slowlog-max-len 1024 //slowlog最大长度1024.这会消耗内存,使用SLOWLOG RESET来回收slowlog内存。 #在redis2.4版本,强烈不建议使用virtual memory。 vm-enabled no //是否使用虚拟内存,默认是no vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap //虚拟内存文件路径,默认是/tmp/redis.swap,不可多个redis实例共享虚拟内存文件。 vm-max-memory 0 //设置最大vm,默认为0,所有的value存在于磁盘中。 vm-page-size 32 //设置vm的page大小,默认是32 vm-pages 134217728 //设置swap文件中最大memory pages,默认是134217728。swap大小=vm-page-size * vm-pages vm-max-threads 4 //vm同时运行的最大io线程 #指定在超过一定的数量或者最大的元素超过某一临界值时,采用一种特殊的哈希算法 hash-max-zipmap-entries 512 //配置字段最多512个 hash-max-zipmap-value 64 //配置value最大为64字节 list-max-ziplist-entries 512 list-max-ziplist-value 64 set-max-intset-entries 512 activerehashing yes //是否重置hash表 include /path/to/other.conf //引用其他配置文件 $ sudo vim /etc/sysctl.conf vm.overcommit_memory = 1 //指定内核针对内存分配的策略,其值可以是0,1,2 0表示内核将检查是否有足够的可用内存供应用进程使用;如果有足够的可用内存,内存申请允许;否则,内存申请失败,并把错误返回给应用进程。 1表示内核允许分配所有的物理内存,而不管当前的内存状态如何。 2表示内核允许分配超过所有物理内存和交换空间总和的内存 $ sudo sysctl -p $ sudo vim redis.conf daemonize yes pidfile /var/run/redis.pid port 6379 timeout 300 loglevel verbose logfile /usr/local/redis-2.2.12/var/log/redis.log databases 16 save 900 1 save 300 10 save 60 10000 rdbcompression yes dbfilename dump.rdb dir /usr/local/redis-2.2.12/var/data appendonly no appendfsync everysec no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no slowlog-log-slower-than 10000 slowlog-max-len 1024 vm-enabled no vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap vm-max-memory 0 vm-page-size 32 vm-pages 134217728 vm-max-threads 4 hash-max-zipmap-entries 512 hash-max-zipmap-value 64 list-max-ziplist-entries 512 list-max-ziplist-value 64 set-max-intset-entries 512 activerehashing yes 启动: $ sudo /usr/local/redis-2.2.12/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis-2.2.12/etc/redis.conf 四.测试 $ cat /etc/passwd | ./redis-cli -x set mykey OK $ ./redis-cli get mykey "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh\mysql:x:111:120:MySQL Server,,,:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/false\" 转载请注明出处:http://www.ttlsa.com/html/1226.html

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