之前一直玩6，7出来后一直没接触过，趁着淡季多学点东西。从最简单的安装开始，到RHCE常用实验搭建。
关于6和7的对比。做了一些名字改动。转自微博：https://www.cnblogs.com/bethal/p/5945026.html
系统改动
| 名称 |
CentOS6 |
Centos7 |
| 桌面系统 | GNOME 2.x | GNOME 3.x（GNOME Shell） |
| 文件系统 | ext4 | xfs |
| 内核版本 | 2.6.x-x | 3.10.x-x |
| 启动加载器 | GRUB Legacy (+efibootmgr) | GRUB2 |
| 防火墙 | iptables | firewalld |
| 默认数据库 | MySQL | MariaDB |
| 系统目录 | /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64在/下 | /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64移到/usr下 |
| 修改主机名 | /etc/sysconfig/network | /etc/hostname |
| 时间同步 | ntp & ntpq -p | chrony & chronyc sources |
| 修改时区 | vim /etc/sysconfig/clock ZONE="Asia/Tokyo" UTC=fales $ sudo ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo /etc/localtime |
$ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo $ timedatectl status |
| 修改默认语言 | vim /etc/sysconfig/i18n LANG="ja_JP.utf8" $ /etc/sysconfig/i18n $ locale |
$ localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.utf8 $ localectl status |
常用命令改动
| 名称 | Centos6 | Centos7 |
| 启动停止 | $ service service_name start $ service service_name stop |
$ systemctl start service_name $ systemctl stop service_name $ systemctl restart/status/reload sshd |
| 自启动 | $chkconfig service_name on/off | $ systemctl enable service_name $ systemctl disable service_name |
| 服务一览 | chkconfig --list | systemctl list-unit-files systemctl --type service |
| 杀进程 | $ kill -9 <PID> | $ systemctl kill --signal=9 sshd |
| 网络 | $ netstat $ netstat -I $ netstat -n |
$ ip n $ ip -s l $ ss |
| 查看IP | $ ifconfig -a | ip address show |
| 路由 | $ route -n $ route -A inet6 -n |
$ ip route show $ ip -6 route show |
| 关闭 | shutdown -h now | $ poweroff $ systemctl poweroff |
| 重启 | $ reboot $ shutdown -r now |
$ reboot $ systemctl reboot |
| 用户模式 | init 3 | $ systemctl rescue |
| 启动模式 | $ vim /etc/inittab id:3:initdefault: [CUIGUI] $ startx |
[GUICUI] $ systemctl isolate multi-user.target [CUIGUI] $systemctl isolate graphical.target 默认 $ systemctl set-default graphical.target $ systemctl set-default multi-user.target 当前 $ systemctl get-default |