Day10_06_消息队列之SpringBoot结合RabbitMQ使用教程

SpirngBoot结合RabbitMQ使用教程

一. 创建项目

创建一个新的项目,整个项目目录结构如下


1. 父项目的pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.syc.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>Day12_boot_amqp</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <modules>
        <module>amqp-producer</module>
        <module>amqp-consumer</module>
        <module>amqp-commons</module>
    </modules>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.12.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

        <mysql.version>5.0.7</mysql.version>
        <mybatis.boot.version>1.3.1</mybatis.boot.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.20</lombok.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--web启动器是与SpringMVC相关的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--amqp消息队列的依赖包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <target>${java.version}</target>
                        <source>${java.version}</source>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>

</project>

二. 创建消息生产者模块

1. 创建项目模块

创建一个名为 amqp-producer 的消息生产者模块.
该模块的目录结构为:


2. application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: amqp-producer
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest

3. 创建队列配置

package com.syc.boot.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * 4种交换机之一:
 * 直接型交换机,也是默认的交换机.
 */
@Configuration
public class DirectRabbitMQConfig {

    //交换机和队列要进行绑定:
    //默认的交换机是DirectExchange,
    //每个交换机都需要利用路由键来和队列绑定在一起.
    //如果采用的是DirectExchange交换机,默认情况下,队里的名字就是路由键的名字.
    //该交换机是一对一的,一个消息被发送者发送出去之后,只能被一个消费者接受.
    @Bean
    public Queue queue(){
        //firstRabbit,是队列的名字,
        return new Queue("firstRabbit");
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue objectQueue(){
        //firstRabbit,是队列的名字,
        return new Queue("firstObject");
    }
}

3. 创建消息提供者

package com.syc.boot;

import com.syc.boot.domain.User;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 *
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class FirstRabbitProducer {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate template;

    public void sendMsg() {
        //Message msg=new Message();
        //template.send(msg);

        //第一个参数是路由键
        String content="hello,"+new Date();
        log.warn("消息发送--->content={}",content);
        template.convertAndSend("firstRabbit", content);
    }

    //发送对象
    public void sendUser() {
        User user=new User();
        user.setId("1");
        user.setUsername("syc");
        user.setPassword("123");
        log.warn("消息发送--->User={}",user.toString());
        template.convertAndSend("firstObject", user);
    }

}

4. 创建测试用例

package com.syc.boot;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

/**
 *
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ProviderApplication.class)
public class FirstRabbitTest {

    @Autowired
    private FirstRabbitProducer producer;

    @Test
    public void firstSendTest() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            producer.sendMsg();
        }
    }

 }

5. 项目入口类

package com.syc.boot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
    }
}

6. 启动测试类

执行测试类中的firstSendTest()测试方法.看到控制台打印如下日志.


并且此时RabbitMQ中的firstRabbit队列中有10条待消费的消息.


三. 创建消息消费者模块

1. 创建消费者模块

创建一个名为 amqp-consumer 的消费者模块.
项目结构图:


2. application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: amqp-consumer
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest

3. 创建消息消费者

package com.syc.boot.msg;

import com.syc.boot.domain.User;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 *
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class FirstRabbitConsumer {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "firstRabbit")
    @RabbitHandler
    public void receiveMsg(String msg) {
        log.warn("接受消息---->content:{}", msg);
    }
    
}

4. 项目入口类

package com.syc.boot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

5. 启动项目,接收消息

项目启动后,可以看到控制台打印如下消息


同时RabbitMQ控制台中firstRabbit队列中的消息全部消费掉,消息数量为0.