SpringMVC入门——day01：SpringMVC执行流程的全代码及请求参数的绑定

1. 上一篇SpringMVC的执行流程的全代码

在这里插入图片描述

HelloController.java

//控制器类
@Controller   //加Controller注解功能是把这个类交给IOC容器进行管理
@RequestMapping(path = "/user")
public class HelloController {

    //Request表示请求，Mapping表示映射。
    //通过jsp中的a href按钮发送请求后，此处注解的方法就可以执行了
    @RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
    public String sayHello() {
        System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC");
        return "success"; //此处字符串可以随意写
    }
}

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast"/>

    <!--视图解析器对象-->
    <!--视图解析器的类名：InternalResourceViewResolver，给它起名为internalResourceViewResolver-->
    <!--prefix表示文件所在的目录-->
    <!--suffix表示文件的后缀名-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--开启SpringMVC框架注解的支持-->
    <!--等同于配置了处理映射器和处理适配器-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

success.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Success</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>入门成功h3</h3>
</body>
</html>

web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!--配置前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <!--让DispatcherServlet加载路径classpath下的springmvc.xml配置文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>

        <!--DispatcherServlet类默认是第一次发请求的时候创建-->
        <!--配置load-on使在启动服务器时就开始创建DispatcherServlet
        它被创建后就可以加载springmvc配置文件了-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  <!--'/'表示发任何的请求都会经过servlet-->
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 123
  Date: 2019/5/31
  Time: 9:56
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>入门程序h3</h3>

    <%--超链接，点击后让方法执行--%>
    <a href="user/hello">入门程序href</a>
</body>
</html>

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc_day01_01_start</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc_day01_01_start Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc_day01_01_start</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

2. 添加另外一个超链接和对应 jsp 页面

之前的运行后默认打开 index.jsp 页面
http://localhost:8080/springmvc_day01_01_start_war/
或 http://localhost:8080/springmvc_day01_01_start_war/index.jsp 效果一样

点击超链接后：
http://localhost:8080/springmvc_day01_01_start_war/user/hello

如果添加另外一个超链接和对应 jsp 页面，步骤如下：

① 在 controller 目录下创建 ParamController.java 文件

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/param")
public class ParamController {
    @RequestMapping("/testParam")
    public String testParam() {
        System.out.println("执行了。。。");
        return "success";
    }
}

② 在 webapp 下添加 param.jsp 文件

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Param</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="param/testParam">请求参数绑定</a>
</body>
</html>

③ 运行
由于默认显示 index.jsp 页面，所以要显示 param.jsp 页面，需要输入：
http://localhost:8080/springmvc_day01_01_start_war/param.jsp

点击超链接后：
http://localhost:8080/springmvc_day01_01_start_war/param/testParam

3. 扩展（请求参数的绑定）

在 param.jsp 中添加属性：

<a href="param/testParam?username=hehe&password=123">请求参数绑定</a>

将 ParamController 修改为：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/param")
public class ParamController {
    @RequestMapping("/testParam")
    public String testParam(String username, String password) {
        System.out.println("执行了。。。");
        System.out.println("用户名：" + username);
        System.out.println("密码：" + password);
        return "success";
    }
}

运行后点击超链接，显示如下：

SpringMVC入门——day01：SpringMVC执行流程的全代码及请求参数的绑定

1. 上一篇SpringMVC的执行流程的全代码

2. 添加另外一个超链接和对应 jsp 页面

如果添加另外一个超链接和对应 jsp 页面，步骤如下：

3. 扩展（请求参数的绑定）

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