[root@DB104 ~]# ls --help
Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
用法： ls [参数].... [文件目录]...
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
罗列出文件的信息（或默认当前目录）。
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all do not ignore entries starting with .
罗列所有，不忽视以.开头的文件；
-A, --almost-all do not list implied . and ..
不罗列出影藏的. 和..；
-b, --escape print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
用图形字符输出八进制转义符
-B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~
-c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information)
-C list entries by columns
-d, --directory list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic links
仅显示目录名，而不显示其下内容；显示符号链接本身，而不是其指向的列表目录；
-D, --dired generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
-f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color
-g like -l, but do not list owner
跟-l一致，但是不列出所有者；
-G, --no-group in a long listing, don't print group names
不输出组名字；
-h, --human-readable with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
输出的文件大小以人类可读的形式，如1K 234M 5G；
-H, --dereference-command-line follow symbolic links listed on the command line
-i, --inode print the index number of each file
输出每个文件的目录节点索引号；
-I, --ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
不列出影藏的匹配项；
-k like --block-size=1K
以kb为单位显示文件大小；
-l use a long listing format
使用长列表格式输出的信息，从左到右依次包括文件名，文件类型、权限模式、硬连接数、所有者、组、文件大小和文件的最后修改时间等；
-L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself
-m fill width with a comma separated list of entries
填充宽度用逗号隔开每项的列表
-n, --numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
以用户识别码、群组识别码代替其名称；
-N, --literal print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially)
-o like -l, but do not list group information
像-l ,但是不列出组信息；
-p, --indicator-style=slash append / indicator to directories ——参考F，只给目录类型文件添加/结尾
-q, --hide-control-chars print ? instead of non graphic characters
--show-control-chars show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)
-Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape
-r, --reverse reverse order while sorting
逆序排序；
-R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively
递归显示文件；
-s, --size print the allocated size of each file, in blocks
输出文件、目录大小以区块为单位；
-S sort by file size
-t sort by modification time
以更改时间排序；
-T, --tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time
-U do not sort; list entries in directory order
-v natural sort of (version) numbers within text
-w, --width=COLS assume screen width instead of current value
-x list entries by lines instead of by columns
-X sort alphabetically by entry extension
-1 list one file per line
数字1，每行一个文件；
SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:
KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=never. With --color=auto, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal. The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings. Use the dircolors command to set it.
Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
用法： ls [参数].... [文件目录]...
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
罗列出文件的信息（或默认当前目录）。
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all do not ignore entries starting with .
罗列所有，不忽视以.开头的文件；
-A, --almost-all do not list implied . and ..
不罗列出影藏的. 和..；
-b, --escape print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
用图形字符输出八进制转义符
-B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~
-c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information)
-C list entries by columns
-d, --directory list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic links
仅显示目录名，而不显示其下内容；显示符号链接本身，而不是其指向的列表目录；
-D, --dired generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
-f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color
-F, --classify append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries ——参考p,给不同类型的文件添加不同的结尾符号
跟-l一致，但是不列出所有者；
-G, --no-group in a long listing, don't print group names
不输出组名字；
-h, --human-readable with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
输出的文件大小以人类可读的形式，如1K 234M 5G；
-H, --dereference-command-line follow symbolic links listed on the command line
-i, --inode print the index number of each file
输出每个文件的目录节点索引号；
-I, --ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
不列出影藏的匹配项；
-k like --block-size=1K
以kb为单位显示文件大小；
-l use a long listing format
使用长列表格式输出的信息，从左到右依次包括文件名，文件类型、权限模式、硬连接数、所有者、组、文件大小和文件的最后修改时间等；
-L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself
-m fill width with a comma separated list of entries
填充宽度用逗号隔开每项的列表
-n, --numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
以用户识别码、群组识别码代替其名称；
-N, --literal print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially)
-o like -l, but do not list group information
像-l ,但是不列出组信息；
-p, --indicator-style=slash append / indicator to directories ——参考F，只给目录类型文件添加/结尾
-q, --hide-control-chars print ? instead of non graphic characters
--show-control-chars show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)
-Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape
-r, --reverse reverse order while sorting
逆序排序；
-R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively
递归显示文件；
-s, --size print the allocated size of each file, in blocks
输出文件、目录大小以区块为单位；
-S sort by file size
-t sort by modification time
以更改时间排序；
-T, --tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time
-U do not sort; list entries in directory order
-v natural sort of (version) numbers within text
-w, --width=COLS assume screen width instead of current value
-x list entries by lines instead of by columns
-X sort alphabetically by entry extension
-1 list one file per line
数字1，每行一个文件；
SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:
KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=never. With --color=auto, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal. The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings. Use the dircolors command to set it.