》Huawei-R&S-网络工程师实验笔记20190607-STP生成树协议（基本配置、桥优先级、根桥选举、根端口、路径开销、边缘端口）
》》实验开始，先上拓扑图参考：
<Huawei>system-view Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]sysname SWA [SWA]stp ? //查询STP协议下配置命令 bpdu-filter STP BPDU filter bpdu-protection Specify BPDU protection function bridge-diameter Specify bridge diameter converge Specify STP converge mode disable Disable Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) //禁用STP edged-port Specify edge port enable Enable Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) //启用STP instance Spanning tree instance max-hops Specify max hops mcheck Specify mcheck mode Specify state machine mode pathcost-standard Specify STP port path cost standard priority Specify bridge priority //指定桥优先级 process The MSTP process region-configuration Enter MSTP region view root Specify root switch snooping STP snooping tc-protection Enable the TC-BPDU Protection function timer Specify timer configuration timer-factor Specify aged out time factor [SWA]stp disable //关闭STP Warning: The global STP state will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]y Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [SWA] Jun 7 2019 22:47:46-08:00 SWA DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25 .191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the c hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. [SWA]display stp //查看STP协议状态 Protocol Status :Disabled //STP协议已经被关闭 Protocol Standard :IEEE 802.1s Version :3 CIST Bridge Priority :32768 //桥ID的默认优先级为32768 MAC address :4c1f-cca8-6f8e Max age(s) :20 //最大老化时长为20秒 Forward delay(s) :15 //转发延时为15秒 Hello time(s) :2 //问候时长为2秒 Max hops :20 [SWA] [SWA]stp enable //开启STP Warning: The global STP state will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]y Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [SWA] Jun 7 2019 22:49:06-08:00 SWA DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25 .191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. [SWA] [SWA]display stp //查看STP协议状态 -------[CIST Global Info][Mode MSTP]------- //默认配置是MSTP CIST Bridge :32768.4c1f-cca8-6f8e Config Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 Active Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 CIST Root/ERPC :32768.4c1f-cc27-5e6e / 20000 CIST RegRoot/IRPC :32768.4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 0 CIST RootPortId :128.25 BPDU-Protection :Disabled TC or TCN received :10 TC count per hello :0 STP Converge Mode :Normal Time since last TC :0 days 0h:24m:6s Number of TC :2 Last TC occurred :GigabitEthernet0/0/3 ---- -- more -- ---- [SWA] [SWA]stp mode ? //查询修改生成树模式的配置命令 mstp Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) mode rstp Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) mode stp Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) mode [SWA]stp mode stp //修改生成树模式为STP Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [SWA] Jun 7 2019 23:19:36-08:00 SWA DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25 .191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. [SWA]dis stp //查看STP协议状态 -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]------- //默认配置已改为STP（SWB如法炮制，也改为STP） CIST Bridge :32768.4c1f-cca8-6f8e Config Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 Active Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 CIST Root/ERPC :32768.4c1f-cc27-5e6e / 20000 CIST RegRoot/IRPC :32768.4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 0 CIST RootPortId :128.25 BPDU-Protection :Disabled TC or TCN received :26 TC count per hello :2 STP Converge Mode :Normal Time since last TC :0 days 0h:30m:21s Number of TC :2 Last TC occurred :GigabitEthernet0/0/3 ---- -- more -- ---- [SWA]
[SWA]stp priority ? //修改桥优先级 INTEGER<0-61440> Bridge priority, in steps of 4096 //输入的桥优先级必须是4096的倍数 [SWA]stp priority 0 //修改SWA的桥优先级为0（SWA配置为根桥，因为SWB的桥优先级还是32678） [SWA] Jun 7 2019 23:39:36-08:00 SWA DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25 .191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, the c hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. [SWA]dis stp -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]------- CIST Bridge :0 .4c1f-cca8-6f8e Config Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 Active Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 CIST Root/ERPC :0 .4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 0 CIST RegRoot/IRPC :0 .4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 0 CIST RootPortId :0.0 BPDU-Protection :Disabled TC or TCN received :81 TC count per hello :0 STP Converge Mode :Normal Time since last TC :0 days 0h:12m:59s Number of TC :6 Last TC occurred :GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ---- More ----
[SWB]dis stp bri //查看配置（STP协议收敛后，SWB的G0/0/1端口成为了根端口） MSTID Port Role STP State Protection 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT DISCARDING NONE 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ALTE DISCARDING NONE 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE ==================================== [SWA]int g0/0/1 //进入SWA的G0/0/1端口配置 [SWA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp port priority ? //查询修改端口优先级的命令 INTEGER<0-240> Port priority, in steps of 16 //优先级按16的倍数调整（默认为128） [SWA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp port priority 240 //将SWA的G0/0/1端口优先级调整为240（大于128） [SWA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] Jun 7 2019 23:51:47-08:00 SWA DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25 .191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. [SWA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [SWA] //（或者配置SWA的G0/0/2端口，修改优先级为16，小于128。这样也可以实现实验效果） ==================================== [SWB]dis stp bri //查看配置（修改SWA的G0/0/1端口优先级后，SWB的G0/0/2端口成为了根端口） MSTID Port Role STP State Protection 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ALTE DISCARDING NONE 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE //SWB的G0/0/2端口被选举为根端口 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
[SWB]dis stp int g0/0/1 //查看G0/0/1端口下STP协议状态（关于配置根端口，还可以通过修改端口开销PC使G0/0/2成为根端口） -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]------- CIST Bridge :32768.4c1f-cc27-5e6e Config Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 Active Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 CIST Root/ERPC :0 .4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 20000 //根路径开销RPC为20000 CIST RegRoot/IRPC :32768.4c1f-cc27-5e6e / 0 CIST RootPortId :128.1 BPDU-Protection :Disabled TC or TCN received :114 TC count per hello :0 STP Converge Mode :Normal Time since last TC :0 days 0h:25m:13s Number of TC :18 Last TC occurred :GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]---- Port Protocol :Enabled Port Role :Root Port Port Priority :128 Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000 //G0/0/1端口开销PC为20000 Designated Bridge/Port :0.4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 128.25 Port Edged :Config=default / Active=disabled Point-to-point :Config=auto / Active=true Transit Limit :147 packets/hello-time Protection Type :None Port STP Mode :STP Port Protocol Type :Config=auto / Active=dot1s BPDU Encapsulation :Config=stp / Active=stp PortTimes :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s RemHop 0 TC or TCN send :18 TC or TCN received :53 BPDU Sent :367 TCN: 1, Config: 366, RST: 0, MST: 0 BPDU Received :1128 TCN: 0, Config: 1128, RST: 0, MST: 0 ----[Port2(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)][DISCARDING]---- Port Protocol :Enabled Port Role :Alternate Port Port Priority :128 Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000 //G0/0/2端口开销PC也是20000 Designated Bridge/Port :0.4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 128.26 Port Edged :Config=default / Active=disabled Point-to-point :Config=auto / Active=true Transit Limit :147 packets/hello-time Protection Type :None Port STP Mode :STP Port Protocol Type :Config=auto / Active=dot1s BPDU Encapsulation :Config=stp / Active=stp PortTimes :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s RemHop 0 TC or TCN send :19 TC or TCN received :53 BPDU Sent :369 TCN: 2, Config: 367, RST: 0, MST: 0 BPDU Received :1402 TCN: 0, Config: 1402, RST: 0, MST: 0 ---- More ---- [SWB]int g0/0/1 [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp cost ? //查询修改端口（路径）开销的命令 INTEGER<1-200000000> Port path cost [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]stp cost 30000 //修改G0/0/1的端口开销为30000（大于G0/0/2的端口开销20000） [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] Jun 8 2019 00:34:18-08:00 SWB DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25 .191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q //（或者将G0/0/2的端口开销调小为1999，小于20000。这样也可以实现实验效果） [SWB]dis stp bri MSTID Port Role STP State Protection 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ALTE DISCARDING NONE 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE //端口G0/0/2被选举为根端口 0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE [SWB]
[SWB]int g0/0/3 [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]stp edged-port ? //查询边缘端口配置命令 disable Disable edge port enable Enable edge port [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]stp edged-port enable //配置G0/0/3端口为边缘端口 [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] Jun 8 2019 00:48:48-08:00 SWB DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25 .191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]dis stp int g0/0/3 -------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]------- CIST Bridge :32768.4c1f-cc27-5e6e Config Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 Active Times :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop 20 CIST Root/ERPC :0 .4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 20000 CIST RegRoot/IRPC :32768.4c1f-cc27-5e6e / 0 CIST RootPortId :128.2 BPDU-Protection :Disabled TC or TCN received :185 TC count per hello :0 STP Converge Mode :Normal Time since last TC :0 days 0h:14m:58s Number of TC :21 Last TC occurred :GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ----[Port3(GigabitEthernet0/0/3)][FORWARDING]---- Port Protocol :Enabled Port Role :Designated Port Port Priority :128 Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000 Designated Bridge/Port :32768.4c1f-cc27-5e6e / 128.3 Port Edged :Config=enabled / Active=enabled //端口G0/0/3已配置为边缘端口，且为活动状态 Point-to-point :Config=auto / Active=true Transit Limit :147 packets/hello-time Protection Type :None Port STP Mode :STP Port Protocol Type :Config=auto / Active=dot1s BPDU Encapsulation :Config=stp / Active=stp PortTimes :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s RemHop 20 TC or TCN send :136 TC or TCN received :0 BPDU Sent :2309 TCN: 0, Config: 2309, RST: 0, MST: 0 BPDU Received :0 TCN: 0, Config: 0, RST: 0, MST: 0 [SWB-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]