查看版本
mysqladmin -uRootmaster -pRootmaster@777 version
select version()
查看Log_bin是否开启
show variables like 'log_bin';
创建表
create table students ( student_id int unsigned, name varchar(39), sex char(1), birth date, primary key (student_id));
create table tb_emp1(id int(11), name varchar(25),deptId int(11), salary float);
create table member(id bigint auto_increment primary key,
name varchar(20),sex tinyint not null default '0'
)engine=myisam default charset=utf8 auto_increment=1;
create table tb_member1(
id bigint primary key auto_increment ,
name varchar(20),
sex tinyint not null default '0'
)ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;
create table tb_member2 like tb_member1;
DROP table IF EXISTS tb_member;
create table tb_member(
id bigint primary key auto_increment ,
name varchar(20),
sex tinyint not null default '0'
)ENGINE=MERGE UNION=(tb_member1,tb_member2) INSERT_METHOD=LAST CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;
设置主键：
create table tb_emp2 (id int(11) primary key, name varchar(25), depId int(11), salary float);
create table tb_emp3 ( id int(11),name varchar(25),depId int(11), salary float, primary key(id));
create table tb_emp4 ( name varchar(25), deptId int(11), salary FLOAT, primary key(name,deptId));
外键约束
定义表tb_emp5,让他的建deptId 作为外键关联到tb_dept1的主键id， create table tb_dept1( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(22) not null, location varchar(50) ); create table tb_emp5 ( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(25), deptId int(11), salary float, constraint fk_emp_dept1 foreign key(deptId) references tb_dept1(id));
唯一行约束
create table tb_dept2 ( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(22) unique, location varchar(50)); create table tb_dept3 ( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(22), location varchar(50), constraint sth unique(name));
默认值约束
create table tb_emp7 ( id int(11) primary key, name varchar(25) not null, deptId int(11) default 1111, salary float);
设置表的属性值自动增加
一个表只能有一个字段设置
AUTO_INCREMENT,可以是任意整数类型（TINYINT,SMALLIN,INT,BIGINT)
create table tb_emp8( id int(11) primary key auto_increment, name varchar(25) not null, deptId int(11), salary float);
insert into tb_emp8 (name,salary) values('lucy',1000),('lura',1200),('kevin',1500);
修改表数据
1.修改表名 alter table tb_dept3 rename tb_deptment3; 2.修改表字段 alter table tb_dept1 modify name varchar(33); 3.修改字段名 alter table tb_dept1 change location loc varchar(50); 4.修改字段名为location，并将数据类型改变为varchar(60); alter table tb_dept1 change loc location varchar(60);
添加字段
alter table tb_dept1 add managerId int(10); alter table tb_dept1 add column1 varchar(12) not null; 在表的第一类添加一个字段 alter table tb_dept1 add column2 int(11) first; 在表的指定列之后添加一个字段 alter table tb_dept1 add column3 int(11) after name;
删除字段
删除字段 alter table tb_dept1 drop column2; 修改字段位置 alter table tb_dept1 modify column1 varchar(12) first; 将字段放到指定列之后 alter table tb_dept1 modify column1 varchar(12) after location;
删除表
drop table if exists tb_dept2; alter table tb_emp drop foreign key fk_emp_dept; # 如有外键
插入数据
insert into students(student_id,name,sex,birth) value (1,'steven','1','1991-01-01');
insert into member(name,sex) select name,sex from member;
insert into tb_member2(id,name,sex) select id,name,sex from member where id%2=1;
首次安装 更改root用户密码
/data/app/mysql-3307/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password '123456'
查看默认引擎
show variables like '%storage_engine%'; show create table tb_dept\G
查询:
select f_id,f_name from fruits where f_name='apple'; 小于 select f_name,f_price from fruits where f_price < 10; 带in select s_id, f_name,f_price from fruits where s_id in (101,2) order by f_name; select s_id, f_name,f_price from fruits where s_id in (101,102) order by f_name; between and select f_name,f_price from fruits where f_price between 2.00 and 10.20; not between and select f_name,f_price from fruits where f_price not between 2.00 and 10.20;
like查询
select * from fruits where f_name like 'b%'; select * from fruits where f_name like 'b%y';
_ 下划线 一次匹配一个
select * from fruits where f_name like '____y';
查询空值：
select c_id,c_name,c_email from customers where c_email is null; select * from customers where c_email is not null;
and查询：
select f_id,f_price,f_name from fruits where s_id='101' and f_price>8;
select f_id, f_price, f_name from fruits where s_id in('101','102') and f_price >= 5 and f_name ='apple';
or查询：
select s_id,f_name,f_price from fruits where s_id=101 or s_id=102;
查询结果不重复：
select distinct s_id from fruits ;
查询结果排序：
查询结果排序 select f_name from fruits order by f_name; 多列排序 select f_name, f_price from fruits order by f_name ,f_price; 指定排序方向 select f_name,f_price from fruits order by f_price desc; 先将价格降序 在按名字升序 select f_price,f_name from fruits order by f_price desc, f_name;
lower_case_table_names=1 使 Linux 环境下 MySQL 忽略表名大小写，否则使用 MyCAT 的时候会提示找不到表的错误