一、Docker常用命令
docker在新版本和老版本的命令有所区别，我们一般混合使用
1.1、常用命令总结
(1)镜像类命令
docker search :搜索镜像
docker login :登录到registry(仓库)
docker image pull :拉取镜像到本地
docker image push :随送镜像到registry(仓库)
docker image ls :查看本地有多少镜像
docker image rm :删除镜像
docker image build :基于dockerfile构建镜像
docker image inspect :查看镜像详细信息
docker image tag :给镜像打上标签
docker image save :导出镜像
docker image load :导入镜像
(2)容器类命令
docker container run :基于镜像创建并启动一个容器，如果镜像不存在则会使用拉取下来再启动
docker container stop :停止容器
docker container start :启动已经停止的容器
docker container restart :重新启动容器
docker container rm :删除容器
docker container kill :杀死一个容器
docker container exec :对内部容器执行命令
docker container attach :进入容器内部
docker container ps :查看启动的容器
docker container ps -a :查看所有容器，包括启动停止的容器
docker logs :查看容器内部日志
docker port :查看容器映射的端口
docker top :显示容器进程信息
docker stats :显是容器占用资源信息
二、介绍几个命令具体使用
1.1、镜像类
(1)docker search，搜索要使用到的镜像，一般以软件名称为名，例如nginx，mariadb
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker search nginx
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
nginx Official build of Nginx. 11488 [OK]
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker search mariadb
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
mariadb MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS… 2804 [OK]
(2)docker image ls，查看本地镜像
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
phpdockerio/php56-fpm latest 8196b837dbcf 5 weeks ago 202MB
nginx latest 27a188018e18 6 weeks ago 109MB
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm latest 49774adafa34 8 weeks ago 334MB
jumpserver/jms_all latest 40a84d6be0ba 2 months ago 1.33GB
million12/varnish latest d4b511cda342 13 months ago 309MB
alivv/elasticsearch-head latest 1f41026a8812 14 months ago 75.4MB
(3)docker image inspect，查看此镜像的信息
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker image inspect nginx | head -10
[
{
"Id": "sha256:53f3fd8007f76bd23bf663ad5f5009c8941f63828ae458cef584b5f85dc0a7bf",
"RepoTags": [
"nginx:latest"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"nginx@sha256:23b4dcdf0d34d4a129755fc6f52e1c6e23bb34ea011b315d87e193033bcd1b68"
],
"Parent": "",
(4)docker image rm，删除镜像
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker image rm nginx
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:23b4dcdf0d34d4a129755fc6f52e1c6e23bb34ea011b315d87e193033bcd1b68
Deleted: sha256:53f3fd8007f76bd23bf663ad5f5009c8941f63828ae458cef584b5f85dc0a7bf
Deleted: sha256:50183b8336fcc9552a55c86895cdfdfb6f1bb349a951da638f22f645ce235926
Deleted: sha256:093a0ead7cedbef266292a1b08e478489ed6584170f0d82127c5ac9a10fd8303
Deleted: sha256:6270adb5794c6987109e54af00ab456977c5d5cc6f1bc52c1ce58d32ec0f15f4
1.2、容器类
(1)docker run，创建并启动容器
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container run --name "nginx-web2" -d nginx:latest
9d9e155db3199b01930c98c8efe17196eba71f4ff2edcea2b66a7265a87d3c65
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker run --name "b1" -dit busybox
d2cc7b34daa0d53880c4e8212f3391e1b4a86d7e8584a356230c5d4a362bd127
(2)docker ps，查看启动的容器
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
9d9e155db319 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 56 seconds ago Up 53 seconds 80/tcp nginx-web2
313d9d578bf5 alivv/elasticsearch-head "/bin/sh -c 'node_mo…" 2 months ago Up 9 days 0.0.0.0:9100->9100/tcp es-head
(3)查看容器详细信息
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container inspect nginx-web2 | grep "IPAddress"
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.3",
(4)进入容器内部，nginx容器第一个进程ID为nginx所以需要exec执行/bin/bash解释器进入内部
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container exec -it nginx-web2 /bin/bash
root@9d9e155db319:/# ls /usr/share/nginx/html/
50x.html index.html
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container attach b1
/ #
/ #
/ # ls
bin dev etc home proc root sys tmp usr var
/ #
/ # ps
PID USER TIME COMMAND
1 root 0:00 sh
7 root 0:00 ps
ctrl + P，ctrl + Q退出
(5)docker container stop，关闭容器
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container stop nginx-web2
nginx-web2
(6)docker container start，启动容器
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container start nginx-web2
nginx-web2
(7)docker container top，查看容器内部进程信息
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container top nginx-web2
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 100084 100060 0 21:13 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
101 100145 100084 0 21:13 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
(8)docker container stats，查看容器资源信息
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container stats
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
d2cc7b34daa0 b1 0.00% 56KiB / 15.56GiB 0.00% 648B / 0B 111kB / 594kB 1
9d9e155db319 nginx-web2 0.00% 1.359MiB / 15.56GiB 0.01% 648B / 0B 446kB / 0B 2
313d9d578bf5 es-head 0.00% 12.92MiB / 15.56GiB 0.08% 27.5kB / 687kB 86.9MB / 0B 11
(9)docker container rm，删除容器，需要先停止容器才可删除
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container stop nginx-web2
nginx-web2
[root@elk_134 ~]# docker container rm nginx-web2
nginx-web2
一步一步来！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！
其实很简单哒！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！