在Linux服务器中，有时候我们需要一个进程需要可靠的在后台运行，并且能够监控进程状态，在意外结束时能够自动重启等。此时就可以使用supervisor。
supervisor 是使用Python开发的一套通用的进程管理程序，能够将一个普通的命令行进程变成后台的守护进程，并且监控进程的状态，异常退出时能够自动重启
到官网下载并安装
1. 安装
cd /usr/local/src wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/7b/17/88adf8cb25f80e2bc0d18e094fcd7ab300632ea00b601cbbbb84c2419eae/supervisor-3.3.2.tar.gz tar -zxvf supervisor-3.3.2.tar.gz cd supervisor-3.3.2 python setup.py install #本地python版本为python2.7 # python2.7 setup.py install #本地python版本为python3以上
2.配置
生成配置文件
echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf
启动
supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
查看运行情况
ps aux | grep supervisord
修改配置文件
vim /etc/supervisord.conf
在配置文件底部，配置include
[include] files=/etc/supervisor/*.conf #若你本地无/etc/supervisor目录，请自建
用supervisor管理进程，配置如下
cd /etc/supervisor vim ossfs.conf # 这里的文件名称自定义
加入内容
; 设置进程的名称，使用 supervisorctl 来管理进程时需要使用该进程名 [program:your_program_name] command=python server.py --port=9000 ;numprocs=1 ; 默认为1 ;process_name=%(program_name)s ; 默认为 %(program_name)s，即 [program:x] 中的 x directory=/home/python/tornado_server ; 执行 command 之前，先切换到工作目录 user=oxygen ; 使用 oxygen 用户来启动该进程 ; 程序崩溃时自动重启，重启次数是有限制的，默认为3次 autorestart=true redirect_stderr=true ; 重定向输出的日志 stdout_logfile = /var/log/supervisord/tornado_server.log loglevel=info
修改配置,重启服务
supervisorctl reload
基本使用
supervisord : 启动supervisor
supervisorctl reload :修改完配置文件后重新启动supervisor
supervisorctl status :查看supervisor监管的进程状态
supervisorctl start 进程名 ：启动XXX进程
supervisorctl stop 进程名 ：停止XXX进程
supervisorctl stop all：停止全部进程，注：start、restart、stop都不会载入最新的配置文件。
supervisorctl update：根据最新的配置文件，启动新配置或有改动的进程，配置没有改动的进程不会受影响
用浏览器来进行管理
vim /etc/supervisord.conf
修改配置内容
[inet_http_server] port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; 服务器ip username=xxx ;自定义 password=xxx ;自定义
3.设置开机启动
vim /etc/init.d/supervisord
添加脚本内容
#! /bin/sh ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: supervisord # Required-Start: $remote_fs # Required-Stop: $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Example initscript # Description: This file should be used to construct scripts to be # placed in /etc/init.d. ### END INIT INFO # Author: Dan MacKinlay <[email protected]> # Based on instructions by Bertrand Mathieu # http://zebert.blogspot.com/2009/05/installing-django-solr-varnish-and.html # Do NOT "set -e" # PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin DESC="Description of the service" NAME=supervisord DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/supervisord DAEMON_ARGS=" -c /etc/supervisord.conf" #PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid PIDFILE=/tmp/$NAME.pid SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME # Exit if the package is not installed [ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0 # Read configuration variable file if it is present [ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME # Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables . /lib/init/vars.sh # Define LSB log_* functions. # Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.0-6) to ensure that this file is present. . /lib/lsb/init-functions # # Function that starts the daemon/service # do_start() { # Return # 0 if daemon has been started # 1 if daemon was already running # 2 if daemon could not be started start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \ || return 1 start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON -- \ $DAEMON_ARGS \ || return 2 # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend # on this one. As a last resort, sleep for some time. } # # Function that stops the daemon/service # do_stop() { # Return # 0 if daemon has been stopped # 1 if daemon was already stopped # 2 if daemon could not be stopped # other if a failure occurred start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME RETVAL="$?" [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2 # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript. # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be # needed by services started subsequently. A last resort is to # sleep for some time. start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2 # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit. rm -f $PIDFILE return "$RETVAL" } # # Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service # do_reload() { # # If the daemon can reload its configuration without # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP), # then implement that here. # start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME return 0 } case "$1" in start) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME" do_start case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; stop) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME" do_stop case "$?" in 0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;; 2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; #reload|force-reload) # # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'. # #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC" "$NAME" #do_reload #log_end_msg $? #;; restart|force-reload) # # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the # 'force-reload' alias # log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME" do_stop case "$?" in 0|1) do_start case "$?" in 0) log_end_msg 0 ;; 1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start esac ;; *) # Failed to stop log_end_msg 1 ;; esac ;; *) #echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2 echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2 exit 3 ;; esac : # 设置该脚本为可以执行 sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/supervisord # 设置为开机自动运行 sudo update-rc.d supervisord defaults # 试一下，是否工作正常 service supervisord stop service supervisord start
4.错误总结
1) 若报错：insserv: warning: script 'service' missing LSB tags and overrides，
sudo apt-get remove insserv