第2课第5节_Java面向对象编程_异常_P【学习笔记】

摘要:韦东山android视频学习笔记 

java的异常处理的原则如下:

1、我们先写一个没有对异常处理的程序,在进行除法运算的时候,除数是非零的话,运行时没有问题的,但是除数为零的时候,运行就会有问题,程序也不能往下执行(只打印了Begin of div)

 1 public class Div{
 2 
 3     public static void main(String args[]){
 4         int m = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
 5         int n = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
 6 
 7         System.out.println("Begin of div");
 8         int r = div(m,n);
 9         System.out.println("end of div");
10 
11         System.out.println(m+"/"+n+"="+r);
12     }
13 
14     public static int div(int m,int n){
15         int r = m / n;
16         return r;
17     }
18 }

编译运行:

 2、我们先写一个有对异常进行处理程序(自己处理异常),根据下面的运行结果,程序可以捕获到异常并且可以正常的执行.

 1 public class Div2{
 2 
 3     public static void main(String args[]){
 4         int m = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
 5         int n = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
 6 
 7         System.out.println("Begin of div");
 8         int r = div(m,n);
 9         System.out.println("end of div");
10 
11         System.out.println(m+"/"+n+"="+r);
12     }
13 
14     public static int div(int m,int n){
15         int r = 0;
16         try {
17             r = m / n ;
18         }catch (ArithmeticException e){
19             System.out.println(e);
20         }finally{
21             System.out.println("This is finally of div");
22         }
23 
24         return r;
25     }
26 }

编译运行:

3、我们写一个程序将异常抛出的类,这个抛出的异常是由main进行处理.

 1 public class Div4{
 2 
 3     public static void main(String args[]){
 4         int m = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
 5         int n = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
 6         int r = 0;
 7 
 8         System.out.println("Begin of div");
 9         try {
10             r = div(m,n);
11         }catch (ArithmeticException e){
12             System.out.println(e);
13         }
14         System.out.println("end of div");
15 
16         System.out.println(m+"/"+n+"="+r);
17     }
18 
19     public static int div(int m,int n) throws ArithmeticException{
20         int r = 0;
21         
22         r = m / n ;
23 
24         return r;
25     }
26 }

编译运行:

 4、如果在类的方法中如果处理了异常,那样在main方法中就不会对异常进行处理.

 1 public class Div5{
 2 
 3     public static void main(String args[]){
 4         int m = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
 5         int n = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
 6         int r = 0;
 7 
 8         System.out.println("Begin of div");
 9         try {
10             r = div(m,n);
11         }catch (ArithmeticException e){
12             System.out.println(e);
13         }
14         System.out.println("end of div");
15 
16         System.out.println(m+"/"+n+"="+r);
17     }
18 
19     public static int div(int m,int n) throws ArithmeticException{
20         int r = 0;
21 
22         try{
23             r = m / n ;
24         }catch(ArithmeticException e){
25             System.out.println("div :"+e);
26         }
27 
28         return r;
29     }
30 }

编译运行:

 5、如果在类的方法中如果处理了异常,同时在类方法中把异常抛出,那样main方法也可以捕获到异常.

 1 public class Div6{
 2 
 3     public static void main(String args[]){
 4         int m = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
 5         int n = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
 6         int r = 0;
 7 
 8         System.out.println("Begin of div");
 9         try {
10             r = div(m,n);
11         }catch (ArithmeticException e){
12             System.out.println(e);
13         }
14         System.out.println("end of div");
15 
16         System.out.println(m+"/"+n+"="+r);
17     }
18 
19     public static int div(int m,int n) throws ArithmeticException{
20         int r = 0;
21 
22         try{
23             r = m / n ;
24         }catch(ArithmeticException e){
25             System.out.println("div :"+e);
26             throw e;
27         }
28 
29         return r;
30     }
31 }

编译运行:

6、现在我们上面第5个例子的代码,只有对这种算术运行的异常进行处理,如果我传入的参数个数不对,还有参数的格式也不对,程序是处理不了的。

为了修复上述的问题,我们添加对传入参数格式不对,还有传入参数个数不对这两种异常的处理。

 1 public class Div7{
 2 
 3     public static void main(String args[]){
 4         int m = 0;
 5         int n = 0;
 6         int r = 0;
 7 
 8         System.out.println("Begin of div");
 9         try {
10             m = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
11             n = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
12             r = div(m,n);
13         }catch (ArithmeticException e){
14             System.out.println("main :" + e);
15         }catch (NumberFormatException e){
16             System.out.println("main :" + e);
17         }catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){
18             System.out.println("main :" + e);
19         }
20         System.out.println("end of div");
21 
22         System.out.println(m+"/"+n+"="+r);
23     }
24 
25     public static int div(int m,int n) throws ArithmeticException{
26         int r = 0;
27 
28         try{
29             r = m / n ;
30         }catch(ArithmeticException e){
31             System.out.println("div :"+e);
32             throw e;
33         }
34 
35         return r;
36     }
37 }

编译运行结果

7、在第6个例子继续优化,上面的程序目前只能对算术运算、参数格式还有参数个数不对的异常进行处理,其他的情况是无法处理的到的,我们可以添加对这些异常的父类RuntimeException来捕获异常.

 1 public class Div8{
 2 
 3     public static void main(String args[]){
 4         int m = 0;
 5         int n = 0;
 6         int r = 0;
 7 
 8         System.out.println("Begin of div");
 9         try {
10             m = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
11             n = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
12             r = div(m,n);
13         }catch (ArithmeticException e){
14             System.out.println("main :" + e);
15         }catch (NumberFormatException e){    //去掉了参数个数的异常,仍然可以捕获到
16             System.out.println("main :" + e);
17         }catch (RuntimeException e){
18             System.out.println("main :" + e);
19         }
20         System.out.println("end of div");
21 
22         System.out.println(m+"/"+n+"="+r);
23     }
24 
25     public static int div(int m,int n) throws ArithmeticException{
26         int r = 0;
27 
28         try{
29             r = m / n ;
30         }catch(ArithmeticException e){
31             System.out.println("div :"+e);
32             throw e;
33         }
34 
35         return r;
36     }
37 }

编译运行结果

 

8、对于“不可查异常”, 系统也会抛出它,写不写throws效果一样

 1 public class Div9{
 2 
 3     public static void main(String args[]){
 4         int m = 0;
 5         int n = 0;
 6         int r = 0;
 7 
 8         System.out.println("Begin of div");
 9         try {
10             m = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
11             n = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
12             r = div(m,n);
13         }catch (ArithmeticException e){
14             System.out.println("main :" + e);
15         }catch (NumberFormatException e){
16             System.out.println("main :" + e);
17         }catch (RuntimeException e){
18             System.out.println("main :" + e);
19         }
20         System.out.println("end of div");
21 
22         System.out.println(m+"/"+n+"="+r);
23     }
24 
25     //public static int div(int m,int n) throws ArithmeticException{
26     public static int div(int m,int n){
27         int r = 0;
28 
29         try{
30             r = m / n ;
31         }catch(ArithmeticException e){
32             System.out.println("div :"+e);
33             throw e;
34         }finally{
35             System.out.println("finally of div");
36         }
37 
38         return r;
39     }
40 }

编译运行:

相关代码存放在github,可以下载https://github.com/zzb2760715357/100ask 

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/zzb-Dream-90Time/p/10909419.html