How to configure a systemd service in RHEL7 to run as a custom user or group

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How to configure a systemd service in RHEL7 to run as a custom user or group

https://access.redhat.com/solutions/2295041

 SOLUTION 已验证 - 已更新 2018年一月12日09:23 - 

English 

环境

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7

问题

• How can I configure a systemd service in Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7 to run as a custom user or group?
• How to run services in RHEL7 under a non-standard user?
• How to change user or group of systemd service unit?

决议

1. Create /etc/systemd/system/<SERVICE>.service.d/ directory
   Example:

   Raw

   # mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service.d
   

2. Create new /etc/systemd/system/<SERVICE>.service.d/<NAME>.conf file with the following format

   Raw

   [Service]
   User=someuser
   Group=somegroup
   

   Notes:

   • The filename must end in .conf but is otherwise arbitrary -- examples: local.conf, custom-user.conf, 99-user.conf1
   • Specify User=<USER> or Group=<GROUP> or both

3. Reload systemd manager configuration

   Raw

   # systemctl daemon-reload
   

4. Start/restart service

   Raw

   # systemctl restart <SERVICE>
   

---

Example

• Make foo.service execute as the custom "fu" user and with "baz" group credentials:

  Raw

  # mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/foo.service.d
  # cat - >/etc/systemd/system/foo.service.d/99-custom.conf << END
  [Service]
  User=fu
  Group=baz
  END
  # systemctl daemon-reload
  # systemctl restart foo
  

---

1. If there are multiple drop-files, it might be important to recognize that files will be read in lexical order -- directives set in z.conf could override directives set in a.conf. See "Overriding vendor settings" example at end of systemd.unit(5) man page. ↩