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概念
This feature disables automatic opening of a recovered clone database so that you can perform any database setting changes before using the NOOPEN option. For example, you may want to modify block change tracking or Flashback Database settings before opening the clone database. This feature is also useful for upgrade scenarios where the database must not be open with RESETLOGS prior to running upgrade scripts.
该特性禁用了已恢复的克隆数据库的自动打开，以便在使用NOOPEN选项之前可以执行任何数据库设置更改。例如，在打开克隆数据库之前，您可能需要修改块更改跟踪或闪回数据库设置。这个特性对于升级场景也很有用，因为在运行升级脚本之前，数据库不需要打开RESETLOGS。
These enhancements provide additional flexibility during DUPLICATE and expand its use for upgrade scenarios. For example, the NOOPEN option allows DUPLICATE to create a new database as part of an upgrade procedure and leaves the database in a state ready for opening in upgrade mode and subsequent execution of upgrade scripts.
这些增强在重复的过程中提供了额外的灵活性，并扩展了对升级场景的使用。例如，NOOPEN选项允许重复创建一个新数据库，作为升级过程的一部分，并使数据库处于准备就绪的状态，以便在升级模式下打开，并随后执行升级脚本。
When you use the RMAN DUPLICATE command, the duplicate database is created and then opened in RESETLOGS mode. You can specify that the duplicate database must not be opened by using the NOOPEN clause in the DUPLICATE command.
当您使用RMAN副本命令时，将创建重复的数据库，然后在RESETLOGS模式中打开。您可以指定复制数据库不能在重复命令中使用NOOPEN子句来打开。
You may not want to open the duplicate database immediately after creation in the following situations:
在下列情况下，您可能不希望在创建后立即打开重复数据库:
• Opening the duplicate database may cause errors.
• •打开重复的数据库可能会导致错误。
• You need to modify the initialization parameters of the duplicate database.
For example, you need to modify flashback database settings, configure fast incremental backups, or modify block change tracking.
•您需要修改复制数据库的初始化参数。
例如，您需要修改flashback数据库设置，配置快速增量备份，或者修改块更改跟踪
• You are creating a new database as part of an upgrade procedure.
您正在创建一个新的数据库，作为升级过程的一部分。
During an upgrade you cannot open the database with RESETLOGS option. The NOOPEN clause enables you to duplicate the database and then leave it in a state ready for opening in upgrade mode and subsequent execution of upgrade scripts.
在升级过程中，您不能使用RESETLOGS选项打开数据库。NOOPEN子句允许您复制数据库，然后将其置于一个状态，以便在升级模式下打开，并随后执行升级脚本。实验
说明：本实验是在Oracle 12.1.0.2.0 环境下测试12c R1的新特性。
1) 准备环境，active database 搭建好的数据库，auxiliary database 仅仅安装数据库软件，如果也是完整数据库的话 执行以下命令，删除数据文件
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/cndba/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/cndba/cdump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/
rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/*
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/
2）可参照12c DG 搭建手册，配置active database ，auxiliary database，主要完成以下操作：
2.1 启动归档模式
2.2 分别在主备库配置监听并启动
2.3 在备库创建必要的目录
2.4 在主库创建pfile 文件并修改pfile 内容
2.5 将主库的口令文件copy到备库
2.6 将主库的参数文件copy到备库并修改
2.7 关闭防火墙
参考文档：
http://www.cndba.cn/leo1990/article/1935
3） 将 auxiliary database 启动到 nomount 状态
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/dbs/initcndba.ora';
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1560281088 bytes
Fixed Size 2924784 bytes
Variable Size 939527952 bytes
Database Buffers 603979776 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
4）开始进行Active duplicate
[oracle@dg1 ~]$ rman target sys/oracle@pdbcndba_p auxiliary sys/oracle@pdbcndba_s;
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Fri Aug 11 14:46:30 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CNDBA (DBID=215559030)
connected to auxiliary database: CNDBA (not mounted)
RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE
TO cndba
FROM ACTIVE DATABASE
NOOPEN
nofilenamecheck;
如果active database ，auxiliary database 数据库文件目录相同 是要加这个参数 nofilenamecheck ，否则报如下错误：
RMAN-05001: auxiliary file name /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/redo01.log conflicts with a file used by the target database
Starting Duplicate Db at 11-AUG-17
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK
current log archived
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "create spfile from memory";
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create spfile from memory
contents of Memory Script:
{
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
}
executing Memory Script
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1560281088 bytes
Fixed Size 2924784 bytes
Variable Size 956305168 bytes
Database Buffers 587202560 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "alter system set db_name =
''CNDBA'' comment=
''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone force nomount
restore clone from service 'pdbcndba_p' primary controlfile;
alter clone database mount;
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter system set db_name = ''CNDBA'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1560281088 bytes
Fixed Size 2924784 bytes
Variable Size 956305168 bytes
Database Buffers 587202560 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
Starting restore at 11-AUG-17
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=21 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cndba/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 11-AUG-17
database mounted
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 5 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 6 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 7 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 8 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 9 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 10 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/pdbcndba_users01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 11 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/test01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 12 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users02.dbf";
restore
from service 'pdbcndba_p' clone database
;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 11-AUG-17
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/pdbcndba_users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/test01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users02.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 11-AUG-17
sql statement: alter system archive log current
current log archived
contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone force from service 'pdbcndba_p'
archivelog from scn 3527302;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting restore at 11-AUG-17
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=121
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service pdbcndba_p
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=122
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 11-AUG-17
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/system01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/system01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 8 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/system01.dbf
datafile 9 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 10 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/pdbcndba_users01.dbf
datafile 11 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=13 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/test01.dbf
datafile 12 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=14 STAMP=951749507 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users02.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 3527888;
recover
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 11-AUG-17
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 121 is already on disk as file /u01/archive1_121_951096249.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 122 is already on disk as file /u01/archive1_122_951096249.dbf
archived log file name=/u01/archive1_121_951096249.dbf thread=1 sequence=121
archived log file name=/u01/archive1_122_951096249.dbf thread=1 sequence=122
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 11-AUG-17
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1560281088 bytes
Fixed Size 2924784 bytes
Variable Size 956305168 bytes
Database Buffers 587202560 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "alter system set db_name =
''CNDBA'' comment=
''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile";
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter system set db_name = ''CNDBA'' comment= ''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1560281088 bytes
Fixed Size 2924784 bytes
Variable Size 956305168 bytes
Database Buffers 587202560 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "CNDBA" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 1024
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 ( '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/redo01.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 2 ( '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/redo02.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE,
GROUP 3 ( '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/redo03.log' ) SIZE 50 M REUSE
DATAFILE
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/system01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/system01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/system01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/temp01.dbf";
set newname for tempfile 2 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp012017-08-04_01-25-27-AM.dbf";
set newname for tempfile 3 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/temp012017-08-04_01-25-27-AM.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
catalog clone datafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/sysaux01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/pdbcndba_users01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/test01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users02.dbf";
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/temp01.dbf in control file
renamed tempfile 2 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp012017-08-04_01-25-27-AM.dbf in control file
renamed tempfile 3 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/temp012017-08-04_01-25-27-AM.dbf in control file
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=951749530
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=951749530
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=951749530
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf RECID=4 STAMP=951749530
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/sysaux01.dbf RECID=5 STAMP=951749530
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/pdbcndba_users01.dbf RECID=6 STAMP=951749530
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/test01.dbf RECID=7 STAMP=951749530
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users02.dbf RECID=8 STAMP=951749530
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=951749530 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=951749530 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=951749530 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=951749530 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 9 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=951749530 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 10 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=951749530 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/pdbcndba_users01.dbf
datafile 11 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=951749530 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbcndba/test01.dbf
datafile 12 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=951749530 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users02.dbf
Leaving database unopened, as requested
Cannot remove created server parameter file
Finished Duplicate Db at 11-AUG-17
5）实验证明，参数NOOPEN 使得在DUPLICATE database 时 auxiliary database 启动到 mount ，需要执行升级脚步或者其他操作后手动启动。
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED MOUNTED
3 _###_UNKNOWN_PDB_#_3 MOUNTED
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1560281088 bytes
Fixed Size 2924784 bytes
Variable Size 956305168 bytes
Database Buffers 587202560 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
SQL> alter database open RESETLOGS;
Database altered.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDBCNDBA MOUNTED
SQL> alter session set container=pdbcndba;
Session altered.
SQL> startup
Pluggable Database opened.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
3 PDBCNDBA READ WRITE NO
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDBCNDBA READ WRITE NO参考文档
http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/NEWFT/chapter12101.htm#NEWFT348
http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/BRADV/rcmdupdb.htm#BRADV298