Mariadb多实例安装
1.数据库多实例一般在测试环境中使用，生成环境不建议使用多实例
为何要做多实例呢
说白了就是缺机器呗
基于Mariadb源码编译来进行多实例安装
规划多实例目录文件，这里目录用端口号来代替了，容易区分
[root@node6 ~]#mkdir /mysql/{3307,3308,3309} -p
[root@node6 ~]#ls /mysql/330
3307/ 3308/ 3309/
[root@node6 /mysql]#mkdir {3307,3308,3309}/{data,etc,socket,log,pid} -pv
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/data’
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/etc’
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/socket’
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/log’
mkdir: created directory ‘3307/pid’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/data’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/etc’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/socket’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/log’
mkdir: created directory ‘3308/pid’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/data’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/etc’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/socket’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/log’
mkdir: created directory ‘3309/pid’
# 查看目录结构
[root@node6 /mysql]#tree .
.
├── 3307
│ ├── data
│ ├── etc
│ ├── log
│ ├── pid
│ └── socket
├── 3308
│ ├── data
│ ├── etc
│ ├── log
│ ├── pid
│ └── socket
└── 3309
├── data
├── etc
├── log
├── pid
└── socket2.修改目录的所有者为mysql用户
[root@node6 /mysql]#ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 53 May 3 09:49 3307
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 53 May 3 09:49 3308
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 53 May 3 09:49 3309
[root@node6 /mysql]#chown -R mysql.mysql *
[root@node6 /mysql]#ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 53 May 3 09:49 3307
drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 53 May 3 09:49 3308
drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 53 May 3 09:49 33093.生成各自的数据库文件
# 先进入到源码或者二进制安装的程序目录下
[root@node6 /mysql]#cd /data/mysql/
[root@node6 /data/mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3307/data
[root@node6 /data/mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3308/data
[root@node6 /data/mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3309/data
# 查看生成好的数据库文件目录，这里就查看其中一个3307
[root@node6 /data/mysqlll /mysql/3307/data
total 110660
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 16384 May 3 09:56 aria_log.00000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 52 May 3 09:56 aria_log_control
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 938 May 3 09:56 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 12582912 May 3 09:56 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 May 3 09:56 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 May 3 09:56 ib_logfile1
drwx------ 2 mysql root 4096 May 3 09:56 mysql
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 28999 May 3 09:56 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 19 May 3 09:56 mysql-bin.index
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 7 May 3 09:56 mysql-bin.state
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 20 May 3 09:56 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 mysql root 6 May 3 09:56 test4.创建各个数据库的配置文件，以及修改各个配置文件的端口号以及目录
[root@node6 /data/mysql]#cp /etc/my.cnf /mysql/3307/etc/
[root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#vim my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3307
datadir=/mysql/3307/
socket=/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/mysql/3307/log/mariadb.log
pid-file=/mysql/3307/pid/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
# 把3307上的配置文件复制到后面两个实例上去
[root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#cp my.cnf /mysql/3308/etc/
[root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#cp my.cnf /mysql/3309/etc/
# 修改其它两个实例的配置文件改成相对应的端口和目录
[root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#sed -i 's/3307/3308/' /mysql/3308/etc/my.cnf
[root@node6 /mysql/3307/etc]#sed -i 's/3307/3309/' /mysql/3309/etc/my.cnf 5.创建服务的启动脚本
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#vim mysqld
#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 345 80 2
port=3307
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd=""
cmd_path="/data/mysql/bin"
mysql_basedir="/mysql"
mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"
function_start_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null &
else
printf "MySQL is running...\n"
exit
fi
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
exit
else
printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown
fi
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 2
function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}\n"
esac
# 把3307上的启动脚本复制到3308、3309上去，并把启动端口修改即可，其它不用修改
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#cp mysqld ../3308/
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#cp mysqld ../3309/
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#sed -i 's/3307/3308/' ../3308/mysqld
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#sed -i 's/3307/3309/' ../3309/mysqld6.启动多实例，并查看相对应的端口是否处于监听状态
# 添加执行权限给mysqld
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chmod +x mysqld
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chmod +x ../3308/mysqld
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chmod +x ../3309/mysqld
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#./mysqld start
Starting MySQL...
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#../3308/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#../3309/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#ss -tnl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3307 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3308 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3309 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* 7.连接到多实例上去
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#mysql -uroot -p -S /mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 10.2.23-MariaDB Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> select @@port;
+--------+
| @@port |
+--------+
| 3307 |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# 修改3307实例密码和加固安全，修改之后的密码需要在启动脚本中添加进去
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#mysql_secure_installation -S /mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#vim mysqld
#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 345 80 2
port=3307
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd="123456"8.把启动脚本拷贝到/etc/init.d/改名为mysqld3307以示区分是哪个实例的启动脚本，并添加到开机启动项里
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#cp mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqld3307
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chkconfig --add mysqld3307
[root@node6 /mysql/3307]#chkconfig --list
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
mysqld3307 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off