Hadoop安装步骤
hadoop下载地址:
http://mirrors.advancedhosters.com/apache/hadoop/common/
一、安装jdk以及hadoop (jdk要求1.7以上版本)
安装hadoop的用户为root
创建安装目录并解压相关文件:
mkdir /usr/local/java
mkdir /usr/local/hadoop
mkdir /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop_tmp
tar -zxvf jdk-8u201-linux-x64.tar.gz
cd jdk1.8.0_201
mv * /usr/local/java
tar -zxvf hadoop-3.0.3.tar.gz
cd hadoop-3.0.3
mv * /usr/local/hadoop/
二、配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile
最后添加以下:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
export HADOOP_INSTALL=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib:$HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR"
输出生效:
source /etc/profile
三、修改配置文件
vi /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
最后添加:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
vi /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
在<configuration>和</configuration>标签之间添加:
<property>
<name>fs.default.name</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
</property>
vi /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
在<configuration>和</configuration>标签之间添加:
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.http.address</name>
<value>192.168.56.123:50070</value>
</property>
注:192.168.56.123为本机IP地址,根据不同情况设定
vi /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml
在<configuration>和</configuration>标签之间添加:
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
vi /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
在<configuration>和</configuration>标签之间添加:
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
将/usr/local/hadoop/sbin/start-dfs.sh,stop-dfs.sh两个文件顶部添加以下参数:
HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=hdfs
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root
将/usr/local/hadoop/sbin/start-yarn.sh,stop-yarn.sh顶部添加以下参数:
YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root
四、验证hadoop
1. 设置本机ssh无密码登陆
ssh-keygen -t rsa
然后全部回车,采用默认值
cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
2. 格式化文件系统
hdfs namenode -format
3. 启动
start-dfs.sh
4. 在浏览器输入
localhost:50070
localhost:8088
五、问题解决
1、告警:WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
解决:vi /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/log4j.properties,最后添加: log4j.logger.org.apache.hadoop.util.NativeCodeLoader=ERROR
2、当主机使用ssh免密码登录时,弹出Warning:Permanently added (RSA) to the list of known hosts的警告,看着很碍眼。通过以下方法进行解决:
vim /etc/ssh/ssh_config(master和slave1都需要设置)
找到#StrictHostKeyChecking ask去掉注释,并把ask改为no即可
3、设置开机自动启动
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
/usr/local/hadoop/sbin/start-all.sh
Hbase安装步骤
HBase下载:
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hbase/
1.创建hadoop用户
useradd hadoop
mkdir /usr/local/hbase
chown hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/hbase
安装hbase的用户为hadoop
2.创建安装目录并解压文件
su - hadoop
cd /usr/local/hbase/
cp /usr/hbase-2.0.4-bin.tar.gz
tar -zxvf hbase-2.0.4-bin.tar.gz
- 设置环境变量
export HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/hbase
vi /usr/local/hbase/conf/hbase-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true
su – root
vi /etc/profile
export HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/hbase
export HBASE_CONF_DIR=$HBASE_HOME/conf
export HBASE_CLASS_PATH=$HBASE_CONF_DIR
export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin
4.为HBase创建一个用于存储数据的目录,并设置在HBase配置文件中
mkdir -p /usr/local/hbase/var/hbase
vi /usr/local/hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>file:///usr/local/hbase/var/hbase</value>
</property>
</configuration>
5.以单机模式启动HBase
cd $HBASE_HOME/bin
./start-hbase.sh
vi .bash_profile
export HBASE_HOME=/usr/local/hbase
export PATH=$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export HBASE_CLASSPATH=/usr/local/hbase/conf
6.在浏览器中输入一下网址进行验证
localhost:16010
7.登陆HBase
$ hbase shell
2017-07-20 09:33:19,959 WARN [main] util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 1.2.6, rUnknown, Mon May 29 02:25:32 CDT 2017
hbase(main):001:0>