django-rest-framework(十一)(路由&渲染器)

路由

目前来说，url的写法有三种

from django.conf.urls import url
from api import views
app_name = 'api'

urlpatterns = [
	url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view()),
	url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
   	url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',
       views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update', 'delete': 'destroy'})
       ),
]

现在可以将要请求返回数据的格式写在url中

from django.conf.urls import url
from api import views
app_name = 'api'

urlpatterns = [
	url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view()),
	url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
    url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view\.(?P<format>\w+)$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
    url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),
    url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/(?P<pk>\d+)\.(?P<format>\w+)$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),
]

通过访问url可以获取到json格式的数据

http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/view.json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/view/1.json

自动生成路由

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from api import views
from rest_framework import routers

routers = routers.DefaultRouter()
routers.register(r'view', views.ViewView)
app_name = 'api'

urlpatterns = [
	# 自动生成上诉后四种路由
    url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/', include(routers.urls))
]

渲染器

内置的渲染器

• JSONRenderer
• BrowsableAPIRenderer
• AdminRenderer
• TemplateHTMLRenderer
• HTMLFormRenderer
• StaticHTMLRenderer
• DocumentationRenderer

比较常用的有JSONRenderer、BrowsableAPIRenderer、AdminRenderer
view.py

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer,BrowsableAPIRenderer, AdminRenderer
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination
from api.models import Role
from rest_framework import serializers

class PageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Role
        fields = '__all__'
        
class ViewView(ModelViewSet):
    renderer_classes =[JSONRenderer, BrowsableAPIRenderer, AdminRenderer]
    
    queryset = Role.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PageSerializer
    pagination_class = PageNumberPagination

使用时在url后面加上 .json \ .admin 即可看到想要的数据

渲染器也可进行全局配置中

settings.py

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # 渲染器
    'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': ['rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer', 'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer']
}