Oracle Listener

一、监听器功能

1）监听客户端请求：监听器作为独立进程运行在数据库服务器上，监听特定网络端口（默认1521）服务请求。

2）为客户端请求分配oracle Server Process：监听器不直接处理客户端发送SQL命令请求信息，而是作为代理，将客户端请求分配一个服务进程与客户端进行通信。

3）注册服务：通过注册过程实现监听器与数据库实例之间了联系，注册的过程就是告知监听器数据库实例名称和服务名，目前Oracle版本中，提供动态注册和静态注册两种方式。

4）故障转移failover: Failover是RAC容错的一个重要方面功能，当数据库实例发生崩溃时，监听器可以自动将请求转移到其它可用实例上。

5）负载均衡衡：在RAC架构中，当一个客户请求到来时，Oracle会根据当前RAC集群环境中所有实例的负载情况，避开负载较高的实例，将请求转移到负载较低的实例进行处理。

二、注册过程

注册的作用就是实现数据库实例名和服务名注册到运行的监听器程序中。

Figure 2-1 Example listener.ora File

LISTENER=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS_LIST=
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sale-server)(PORT=1521))
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))))-- 静态注册部分
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
  (SID_LIST=
    (SID_DESC=
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME=sales.us.acme.com)
      (ORACLE_HOME=/oracle9i)
      (SID_NAME=sales))
    (SID_DESC=
      (SID_NAME=plsextproc)
      (ORACLE_HOME=/oracle9i)
      (PROGRAM=extproc)))

2.1) 默认是动态注册的时候，只有PLSExtProc项目。SID_LIST里用来配置当前监听器静态注册的服务项目，其中，通过一个或多个SID_DESC进行配置。静态配置项目中，通过GLOBAL_NAME配置服务项目，通过SID_NAME指定数据库实例的名称，通过ORACLE_HOME配置Oracle数据库软件安装的基本目录。

2.2）动态注册由PMON后台进程周期（2分钟）发起注册。

三、监听器信息

通过lsnrctl监听器控制程序与监听器进行交互和控制操作获取相对应信息。

四、监听器日志解析

1）日志格式：TIMESTAMP * CONNECT DATA [* PROTOCOL INFO] * EVENT [* SID] * RETURN CODE， 使用*进行内容分割。

 

2）监听日志截断，防止日志文件过大，一般不能超过2GB，超过会导致LISTENER监听器无法处理新的连接或是给写入、查看带来的一些性能问题。

Step 1：首先停止监听服务进程（tnslsnr）记录日志。

Step 2：将监听日志文件（listener.log）复制一份，以listener.log.yyyymmdd格式命名

Step 3：将监听日志文件（listener.log）清空。（如：mv命令等）

Step 4：开启监听服务进程（tnslsnr）记录日志

#!/bin/bash

# 00 00 * * * /home/oracle/_cron/cls_oracle/cls_oracle.sh -d 31 > /home/oracle/_cron/cls_oracle/cls_oracle.sh.log 2>&1

# Script used to cleanup any Oracle environment.

#

# Cleans:      audit_log_dest

#              background_dump_dest

#              core_dump_dest

#              user_dump_dest

#

# Rotates:     Alert Logs

#              Listener Logs

#

# Scheduling:  00 00 * * * /home/oracle/_cron/cls_oracle/cls_oracle.sh -d 31 > /home/oracle/_cron/cls_oracle/cls_oracle.log 2>&1

#

# Created By:  Tommy Wang  2012-09-10

#

# History:

#

RM="rm -f"

RMDIR="rm -rf"

LS="ls -l"

MV="mv"

TOUCH="touch"

TESTTOUCH="echo touch"

TESTMV="echo mv"

TESTRM=$LS

TESTRMDIR=$LS

SUCCESS=0

FAILURE=1

TEST=0

HOSTNAME=`hostname`

ORAENV="oraenv"

TODAY=`date +%Y%m%d`

ORIGPATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH

ORIGLD=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export PATH=$ORIGPATH

# Usage function.

f_usage(){

  echo "Usage: `basename $0` -d DAYS [-a DAYS] [-b DAYS] [-c DAYS] [-n DAYS] [-r DAYS] [-u DAYS] [-t] [-h]"

  echo "       -d = Mandatory default number of days to keep log files that are not explicitly passed as parameters."

  echo "       -a = Optional number of days to keep audit logs."

  echo "       -b = Optional number of days to keep background dumps."

  echo "       -c = Optional number of days to keep core dumps."

  echo "       -n = Optional number of days to keep network log files."

  echo "       -r = Optional number of days to keep clusterware log files."

  echo "       -u = Optional number of days to keep user dumps."

  echo "       -h = Optional help mode."

  echo "       -t = Optional test mode. Does not delete any files."

}

if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then

  f_usage

  exit $FAILURE

fi

# Function used to check the validity of days.

f_checkdays(){

  if [ $1 -lt 1 ]; then

    echo "ERROR: Number of days is invalid."

    exit $FAILURE

  fi

  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then

    echo "ERROR: Number of days is invalid."

    exit $FAILURE

  fi

}

# Function used to cut log files.

f_cutlog(){

  # Set name of log file.

  LOG_FILE=$1

  CUT_FILE=${LOG_FILE}.${TODAY}

  FILESIZE=`ls -l $LOG_FILE | awk '{print $5}'`

  # Cut the log file if it has not been cut today.

  if [ -f $CUT_FILE ]; then

    echo "Log Already Cut Today: $CUT_FILE"

  elif [ ! -f $LOG_FILE ]; then

    echo "Log File Does Not Exist: $LOG_FILE"

  elif [ $FILESIZE -eq 0 ]; then

    echo "Log File Has Zero Size: $LOG_FILE"

  else

    # Cut file.

    echo "Cutting Log File: $LOG_FILE"

    $MV $LOG_FILE $CUT_FILE

    $TOUCH $LOG_FILE

  fi

}

# Function used to delete log files.

f_deletelog(){

  # Set name of log file.

  CLEAN_LOG=$1

  # Set time limit and confirm it is valid.

  CLEAN_DAYS=$2

  f_checkdays $CLEAN_DAYS



  # Delete old log files if they exist.

  find $CLEAN_LOG.[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9] -type f -mtime +$CLEAN_DAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null

}



# Function used to get database parameter values.

f_getparameter(){

  if [ -z "$1" ]; then

    return

  fi

  PARAMETER=$1

  sqlplus -s /nolog <<EOF | awk -F= "/^a=/ {print \$2}"

set head off pagesize 0 feedback off linesize 200

whenever sqlerror exit 1

conn / as sysdba

select 'a='||value from v\$parameter where name = '$PARAMETER';

EOF

}

# Function to get unique list of directories.

f_getuniq(){

  if [ -z "$1" ]; then

    return

  fi

  ARRCNT=0

  MATCH=N

  x=0

  for e in `echo $1`; do

    if [ ${#ARRAY[*]} -gt 0 ]; then

      # See if the array element is a duplicate.

      while [ $x -lt  ${#ARRAY[*]} ]; do

        if [ "$e" = "${ARRAY[$x]}" ]; then

          MATCH=Y

        fi

      done

    fi

    if [ "$MATCH" = "N" ]; then

      ARRAY[$ARRCNT]=$e

      ARRCNT=`expr $ARRCNT+1`

    fi

    x=`expr $x + 1`

  done

  echo ${ARRAY[*]}

}

# Parse the command line options.

while getopts a:b:c:d:n:r:u:th OPT; do

  case $OPT in

    a) ADAYS=$OPTARG

       ;;

    b) BDAYS=$OPTARG

       ;;

    c) CDAYS=$OPTARG

       ;;

    d) DDAYS=$OPTARG

       ;;

    n) NDAYS=$OPTARG

       ;;

    r) RDAYS=$OPTARG

       ;;

    u) UDAYS=$OPTARG

       ;;

    t) TEST=1

       ;;

    h) f_usage

       exit 0

       ;;

    *) f_usage

       exit 2

       ;;

  esac

done

shift $(($OPTIND - 1))

# Ensure the default number of days is passed.

if [ -z "$DDAYS" ]; then

  echo "ERROR: The default days parameter is mandatory."

  f_usage

  exit $FAILURE

fi

f_checkdays $DDAYS

echo "`basename $0` Started `date`."

# Use test mode if specified.

if [ $TEST -eq 1 ]

then

  RM=$TESTRM

  RMDIR=$TESTRMDIR

  MV=$TESTMV

  TOUCH=$TESTTOUCH

  echo "Running in TEST mode."

fi

# Set the number of days to the default if not explicitly set.

ADAYS=${ADAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping audit logs for $ADAYS days."; f_checkdays $ADAYS

BDAYS=${BDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping background logs for $BDAYS days."; f_checkdays $BDAYS

CDAYS=${CDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping core dumps for $CDAYS days."; f_checkdays $CDAYS

NDAYS=${NDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping network logs for $NDAYS days."; f_checkdays $NDAYS

RDAYS=${RDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping clusterware logs for $RDAYS days."; f_checkdays $RDAYS

UDAYS=${UDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping user logs for $UDAYS days."; f_checkdays $UDAYS

# Check for the oratab file.

if [ -f /var/opt/oracle/oratab ]; then

  ORATAB=/var/opt/oracle/oratab

elif [ -f /etc/oratab ]; then

  ORATAB=/etc/oratab

else

  echo "ERROR: Could not find oratab file."

  exit $FAILURE

fi

# Build list of distinct Oracle Home directories.

OH=`egrep -i ":Y|:N" $ORATAB | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "\*" | cut -d":" -f2 | sort | uniq`

# Exit if there are not Oracle Home directories.

if [ -z "$OH" ]; then

  echo "No Oracle Home directories to clean."

  exit $SUCCESS

fi

# Get the list of running databases.

SIDS=`ps -e -o args | grep pmon | grep -v grep | awk -F_ '{print $3}' | sort`

# Gather information for each running database.

for ORACLE_SID in `echo $SIDS`

do

  # Set the Oracle environment.

  ORAENV_ASK=NO

  export ORACLE_SID

  . $ORAENV

  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then

    echo "Could not set Oracle environment for $ORACLE_SID."

  else

    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORIGLD

    ORAENV_ASK=YES

    echo "ORACLE_SID: $ORACLE_SID"

    # Get the audit_dump_dest.

    ADUMPDEST=`f_getparameter audit_dump_dest`

    if [ ! -z "$ADUMPDEST" ] && [ -d "$ADUMPDEST" 2>/dev/null ]; then

      echo "  Audit Dump Dest: $ADUMPDEST"

      ADUMPDIRS="$ADUMPDIRS $ADUMPDEST"

    fi

    # Get the background_dump_dest.

    BDUMPDEST=`f_getparameter background_dump_dest`

    echo "  Background Dump Dest: $BDUMPDEST"

    if [ ! -z "$BDUMPDEST" ] && [ -d "$BDUMPDEST" ]; then

      BDUMPDIRS="$BDUMPDIRS $BDUMPDEST"

    fi

    # Get the core_dump_dest.

    CDUMPDEST=`f_getparameter core_dump_dest`

    echo "  Core Dump Dest: $CDUMPDEST"

    if [ ! -z "$CDUMPDEST" ] && [ -d "$CDUMPDEST" ]; then

      CDUMPDIRS="$CDUMPDIRS $CDUMPDEST"

    fi

    # Get the user_dump_dest.

    UDUMPDEST=`f_getparameter user_dump_dest`

    echo "  User Dump Dest: $UDUMPDEST"

    if [ ! -z "$UDUMPDEST" ] && [ -d "$UDUMPDEST" ]; then

      UDUMPDIRS="$UDUMPDIRS $UDUMPDEST"

    fi

  fi

done

# Do cleanup for each Oracle Home.

for ORAHOME in `f_getuniq "$OH"`

do

  # Get the standard audit directory if present.

  if [ -d $ORAHOME/rdbms/audit ]; then

     ADUMPDIRS="$ADUMPDIRS $ORAHOME/rdbms/audit"

  fi

  # Get the Cluster Ready Services Daemon (crsd) log directory if present.

  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/crsd ]; then

    CRSLOGDIRS="$CRSLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/crsd"

  fi

  # Get the  Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) log directory if present.

  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/client ]; then

    OCRLOGDIRS="$OCRLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/client"

  fi

  # Get the Cluster Synchronization Services (CSS) log directory if present.

  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/cssd ]; then

    CSSLOGDIRS="$CSSLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/cssd"

  fi

  # Get the Event Manager (EVM) log directory if present.

  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/evmd ]; then

    EVMLOGDIRS="$EVMLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/evmd"

  fi

  # Get the RACG log directory if present.

  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/racg ]; then

    RACGLOGDIRS="$RACGLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/racg"

  fi

done

# Clean the audit_dump_dest directories.

if [ ! -z "$ADUMPDIRS" ]; then

  for DIR in `f_getuniq "$ADUMPDIRS"`; do

    if [ -d $DIR ]; then

      echo "Cleaning Audit Dump Directory: $DIR"

      find $DIR -type f -name "*.aud" -mtime +$ADAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null

    fi

  done

fi

# Clean the background_dump_dest directories.

if [ ! -z "$BDUMPDIRS" ]; then

  for DIR in `f_getuniq "$BDUMPDIRS"`; do

    if [ -d $DIR ]; then

      echo "Cleaning Background Dump Destination Directory: $DIR"

      # Clean up old trace files.

      find $DIR -type f -name "*.tr[c,m]" -mtime +$BDAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null

      find $DIR -type d -name "cdmp*" -mtime +$BDAYS -exec $RMDIR {} \; 2>/dev/null

    fi



    if [ -d $DIR ]; then

      # Cut the alert log and clean old ones.

      for f in `find $DIR -type f -name "alert\_*.log" ! -name "alert_[0-9A-Z]*.[0-9]*.log" 2>/dev/null`; do

        echo "Alert Log: $f"

        f_cutlog $f

        f_deletelog $f $BDAYS

      done

    fi

  done

fi

# Clean the core_dump_dest directories.

if [ ! -z "$CDUMPDIRS" ]; then

  for DIR in `f_getuniq "$CDUMPDIRS"`; do

    if [ -d $DIR ]; then

      echo "Cleaning Core Dump Destination: $DIR"

      find $DIR -type d -name "core*" -mtime +$CDAYS -exec $RMDIR {} \; 2>/dev/null

    fi

  done

fi

# Clean the user_dump_dest directories.

if [ ! -z "$UDUMPDIRS" ]; then

  for DIR in `f_getuniq "$UDUMPDIRS"`; do

    if [ -d $DIR ]; then

      echo "Cleaning User Dump Destination: $DIR"

      find $DIR -type f -name "*.trc" -mtime +$UDAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null

    fi

  done

fi

# Cluster Ready Services Daemon (crsd) Log Files

for DIR in `f_getuniq "$CRSLOGDIRS $OCRLOGDIRS $CSSLOGDIRS $EVMLOGDIRS $RACGLOGDIRS"`; do

  if [ -d $DIR ]; then

    echo "Cleaning Clusterware Directory: $DIR"

    find $DIR -type f -name "*.log" -mtime +$RDAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null

  fi

done

# Clean Listener Log Files.

# Get the list of running listeners. It is assumed that if the listener is not running, the log file does not need to be cut.

ps -e -o args | grep tnslsnr | grep -v grep | while read LSNR; do

  # Derive the lsnrctl path from the tnslsnr process path.

  TNSLSNR=`echo $LSNR | awk '{print $1}'`

  ORACLE_PATH=`dirname $TNSLSNR`

  ORACLE_HOME=`dirname $ORACLE_PATH`

  PATH=$ORACLE_PATH:$ORIGPATH

  LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORIGLD

  LSNRCTL=$ORACLE_PATH/lsnrctl

  echo "Listener Control Command: $LSNRCTL"



  # Derive the listener name from the running process.

  LSNRNAME=`echo $LSNR | awk '{print $2}' | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]"`

  echo "Listener Name: $LSNRNAME"



  # Get the listener version.

  LSNRVER=`$LSNRCTL version | grep "LSNRCTL" | grep "Version" | awk '{print $5}' | awk -F. '{print $1}'`

  echo "Listener Version: $LSNRVER"

  # Get the TNS_ADMIN variable.

  echo "Initial TNS_ADMIN: $TNS_ADMIN"

  unset TNS_ADMIN

  TNS_ADMIN=`$LSNRCTL status $LSNRNAME | grep "Listener Parameter File" | awk '{print $4}'`

  if [ ! -z $TNS_ADMIN ]; then

    export TNS_ADMIN=`dirname $TNS_ADMIN`

  else

    export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

  fi

  echo "Network Admin Directory: $TNS_ADMIN"

  # If the listener is 11g, get the diagnostic dest, etc...

  if [ $LSNRVER -ge 11 ]; then



    # Get the listener log file directory.

    LSNRDIAG=`$LSNRCTL<<EOF | grep log_directory | awk '{print $6}'

set current_listener $LSNRNAME

show log_directory

EOF`

    echo "Listener Diagnostic Directory: $LSNRDIAG"

    # Get the listener trace file name.

    LSNRLOG=`lsnrctl<<EOF | grep trc_directory | awk '{print $6"/"$1".log"}'

set current_listener $LSNRNAME

show trc_directory

EOF`

    echo "Listener Log File: $LSNRLOG"

  # If 10g or lower, do not use diagnostic dest.

  else

    # Get the listener log file location.

    LSNRLOG=`$LSNRCTL status $LSNRNAME | grep "Listener Log File" | awk '{print $4}'`

  fi

  # See if the listener is logging.

  if [ -z "$LSNRLOG" ]; then

    echo "Listener Logging is OFF. Not rotating the listener log."

  # See if the listener log exists.

  elif  [ ! -r "$LSNRLOG" ]; then

    echo "Listener Log Does Not Exist: $LSNRLOG"

  # See if the listener log has been cut today.

  elif [ -f $LSNRLOG.$TODAY ]; then

    echo "Listener Log Already Cut Today: $LSNRLOG.$TODAY"

  # Cut the listener log if the previous two conditions were not met.

  else

    # Remove old 11g+ listener log XML files.

    if [ ! -z "$LSNRDIAG" ] && [ -d "$LSNRDIAG" ]; then

      echo "Cleaning Listener Diagnostic Dest: $LSNRDIAG"

      find $LSNRDIAG -type f -name "log\_[0-9]*.xml" -mtime +$NDAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null

    fi



    # Disable logging.

    $LSNRCTL <<EOF

set current_listener $LSNRNAME

set log_status off

EOF

    # Cut the listener log file.

    f_cutlog $LSNRLOG

    # Enable logging.

    $LSNRCTL <<EOF

set current_listener $LSNRNAME

set log_status on

EOF

    # Delete old listener logs.

    f_deletelog $LSNRLOG $NDAYS

  fi

done

echo "`basename $0` Finished `date`."

exit

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