docker镜像（centos7）

1.获取镜像

docker pull NAME[ :TAG] NAME:镜像仓库的名称，TAG：镜像的标签

例：docker pull centos:latest

如果不显示指定的TAG，则默认选择latest标签，下载仓库中最新的镜像

例：docker pull centos 直接下载最新版本的镜像centos:latest

利用该镜像创建一个容器，执行打印" hello world "

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos:latest
[root@14ca038cb2f6 /]# echo "hello world"
hello world

2. 查看镜像信息

1. 使用docker images或者docker image ls命令可以列出已有镜像基本信息

例：[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 1e1148e4cc2c 3 weeks ago 202MB

出自哪个仓库镜像标签信息镜像的ID 创建时间镜像大小

2. 使用tag命令添加镜像标签

docker tag centos:latest mycentos:7

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 1e1148e4cc2c 3 weeks ago 202MB
mycentos 7 1e1148e4cc2c 3 weeks ago 202MB

3.使用inspect命令查看详细信息

docker inspect 镜像名

[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect centos:latest
[
{
"Id": "sha256:1e1148e4cc2c148c6890a18e3b2d2dde41a6745ceb4e5fe94a923d811bf82ddb",
"RepoTags": [
"centos:latest",
"mycentos:7"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"centos@sha256:184e5f35598e333bfa7de10d8fb1cebb5ee4df5bc0f970bf2b1e7c7345136426"
],
"Parent": "",
"Comment": "",
"Created": "2018-12-06T00:21:07.135655444Z",
"Container": "1fdbb0fcc184eb795364f7aa5fdc00299d0a2b90d8e26b4696217c22da7f983f",
"ContainerConfig": {
"Hostname": "1fdbb0fcc184",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,

使用-f 获取其中一项内容

例如获得ID：

[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect -f {{".Id"}} centos:latest
sha256:1e1148e4cc2c148c6890a18e3b2d2dde41a6745ceb4e5fe94a923d811bf82ddb

4. 使用history命令来查看镜像历史

[root@localhost ~]# docker history centos:latest
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
1e1148e4cc2c 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0B
<missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL org.label-schema.scâ€¦ 0B
<missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:6f877549795f4798aâ€¦ 202MB

3. 删除和清理镜像

使用docker rmi或docker image rm 命令删除镜像

1. 删除镜像使用标签

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi mycentos:7
Untagged: mycentos:7
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 1e1148e4cc2c 3 weeks ago 202MB

只是删除了多个标签里的指定标签，原来的不受影响

2.强制删除使用ID

注：如果docker rmi 镜像ID 不管有几个相同的标签，全部都会被删除

碰到这样的情况

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi 1e1148e4cc2c
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 1e1148e4cc2c (must be forced) - image is referenced in multiple repositories

可以加上--force进行强制删除

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi --force 1e1148e4cc2c
Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: centos@sha256:184e5f35598e333bfa7de10d8fb1cebb5ee4df5bc0f970bf2b1e7c7345136426
Untagged: mycentos:7
Deleted: sha256:1e1148e4cc2c148c6890a18e3b2d2dde41a6745ceb4e5fe94a923d811bf82ddb

为什么出现这种情况呢，docker ps -a运行后，出现了几个依赖centos:latest镜像的容器

正确的做法是删除依赖该镜像的所有容器，然后再使用docker rmi 镜像的ID

2.1 先查看

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a0523e5575c9 centos:latest "echo 'hello world'" 12 seconds ago Exited (0) 11 seconds ago heuristic_brown
14ca038cb2f6 centos:latest "bash" About an hour ago Exited (0) About an hour ago youthful_chandrasekhar
665b2a382132 centos:latest "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Exited (0) About an hour ago festive_antonelli

2.2 删除依赖
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm 665b2a382132
665b2a382132
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm 14ca038cb2f6
14ca038cb2f6
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm a0523e5575c9
a0523e5575c9

2.3 删除镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi centos:latest
Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: centos@sha256:184e5f35598e333bfa7de10d8fb1cebb5ee4df5bc0f970bf2b1e7c7345136426
Deleted: sha256:1e1148e4cc2c148c6890a18e3b2d2dde41a6745ceb4e5fe94a923d811bf82ddb
Deleted: sha256:071d8bd765171080d01682844524be57ac9883e53079b6ac66707e192ea25956

3.清理镜像

使用docker image prune命令进行清理

4. 创建镜像

基于已有容器创建 docker commit ID NEWNAME

先启动容器记住ID

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos:latest
[root@6453477322d5 /]#

然后基于已有容器创建

[root@localhost ~]# docker commit 6453477322d5 centos:new
sha256:5b0ecb828a266ab0ef8e6e10419fecddde82d9c0ab3c978a47af3c83b9c41ba2

docker镜像（centos7）

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