Android 运行时权限处理解析

Android6.0权限改变

这里提供两种权限请求的封装方案

一.通过fragment中带有权限请求和回调的方法

1.传入参数

1.上下文  activity 或者fragment

2.请求的权限的列表

3.结果返回后的接口

2.工具封装

1.封装一个请求权限Fragment在fragment中请求

public class PermissionFragment extends Fragment {
    //requestCode
    private static final int PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE = 1;
    private PermissionListener listener;
    public void setListener(PermissionListener listener) {
        this.listener = listener;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setRetainInstance(true);
    }

    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
    public void requestPermissions(@NonNull String[] permissions) {
        List<String> requestPermissionList = new ArrayList<>();
        //找出所有未授权的权限
        for (String permission : permissions) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getContext(), permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                requestPermissionList.add(permission);
            }
        }
        if (requestPermissionList.isEmpty()) {
            //已经全部授权
            permissionAllGranted();
        } else {
            //申请授权
            requestPermissions(requestPermissionList.toArray(new String[requestPermissionList.size()]), PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode != PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE) {
            return;
        }
        if (grantResults.length > 0) {
            List<String> deniedPermissionList = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                if (grantResults[i] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    deniedPermissionList.add(permissions[i]);
                }
            }
            if (deniedPermissionList.isEmpty()) {
                //已经全部授权
                permissionAllGranted();
            } else {
                //勾选了对话框中”Don’t ask again”的选项, 返回false
                for (String deniedPermission : deniedPermissionList) {
                    boolean flag = shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(deniedPermission);
                    if (!flag) {
                        //拒绝授权
                        permissionShouldShowRationale(deniedPermissionList);
                        return;
                    }
                }
                //拒绝授权
                permissionHasDenied(deniedPermissionList);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 权限全部已经授权
     */
    private void permissionAllGranted() {
        if (listener != null) {
            listener.onGranted();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 权限被拒绝
     *
     * @param deniedList 被拒绝的权限List
     */
    private void permissionHasDenied(List<String> deniedList) {
        if (listener != null) {
            listener.onDenied(deniedList);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 权限被拒绝并且勾选了不在询问
     *
     * @param deniedList 勾选了不在询问的权限List
     */
    private void permissionShouldShowRationale(List<String> deniedList) {
        if (listener != null) {
            listener.onShouldShowRationale(deniedList);
        }
    }
}

2.通过传进来的activity或者fragment上下文生成工具fragment

public class PermissionUtil {
    private static final String TAG = PermissionUtil.class.getSimpleName();
    private PermissionFragment permissionFragment;

    public PermissionUtil(@NonNull FragmentActivity activity) {
        permissionFragment = getRxPermissionsActivity(activity);
    }

    public PermissionUtil(@NonNull Fragment fragment) {
        permissionFragment = getRxPermissionsFragment(fragment);
    }

    private PermissionFragment getRxPermissionsActivity(FragmentActivity activity) {
        PermissionFragment fragment = (PermissionFragment) activity.getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(TAG);
        boolean isNewInstance = fragment == null;
        if (isNewInstance) {
            fragment = new PermissionFragment();
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = activity.getSupportFragmentManager();
            fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(fragment, TAG).commit();
            fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
        }
        return fragment;
    }

    private PermissionFragment getRxPermissionsFragment(Fragment activity) {
        PermissionFragment fragment = (PermissionFragment) activity.getChildFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(TAG);
        boolean isNewInstance = fragment == null;
        if (isNewInstance) {
            fragment = new PermissionFragment();
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = activity.getChildFragmentManager();
            fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(fragment, TAG).commit();
            fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
        }
        return fragment;
    }

    /**
     * 外部使用 申请权限
     *
     * @param permissions 申请授权的权限
     * @param listener    授权回调的监听
     */
    public void requestPermissions(String[] permissions, PermissionListener listener) {
        permissionFragment.setListener(listener);
        permissionFragment.requestPermissions(permissions);
    }

}

3.结果返回

请求结果通过接口设计

public interface PermissionListener {
    void onGranted();
    void onDenied(List<String> deniedPermission);
    void onShouldShowRationale(List<String> deniedPermission);
}

4.demo下载地址

github:https://github.com/MatrixSpring/AndroidPermission

二.通过activity中带有的权限请求和回调的方法

1.传入参数

2.工具封装

3.结果返回

4.demo下载地址