jdk1.7之ConcurrentLinkedDeque

假设一个应用场景:需要模拟车辆一天的运行轨迹,并且实时监控,就需要不断的像已有的数据集合中添加新的数据,并且遍历集合。
在传统的java集合包中的集合中像 ArrayList  HashMap等;在同一线程中传统集合是不允许修改的,也就是遍历时不能修改,添加,删除等操作。多个线程就更不行了。
为此java.util.concurrent包中提出了一些解决方法:
使用Collections.synchronizedList() ,new CopyOnWriteArrayList<String>() 等,将集合包装为安全的集合,这样确实是结局了同步的问题。其内部的原理,就是将资源synchronized ,本身没有解决问题,因为ArrayList本身是不支持并发的,这样只会当多个线程都在争用这个资源的时候,效率就会急剧下降。
jdk 1.7 提出了java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque 非阻塞的线程安全列表

ConcurrentLinkedDeque 是线程安全的,插入,删除和其它的操作可以同时执行,但是不允许插入空值。
注意:如果在进行添加和删除操作的同时也在执行迭代操作,那么此时将不会返回正确的值。

ConcurrentLinkedDeque的主要方法:

add() and offer(): 因为ConcurrentLinkedDeque是线程安全的集合,所有add方法总是返回true,和add一样offer方法也是添加一个元素,总是返回true。
poll()  : 获取队列中的第一个元素并同时删除元素,如果没有获取到,返回null(此时并没有)
peek(): 和poll() 一样,不同的是,peek()不会移除元素。
element():和poll()一样,不同的是,element()在没找到时候会抛出NoSuchElementException异常。
简单的示例:
 public class ConcurrentLinkedDequeDemo {
	static ConcurrentLinkedDeque<String> cld = new ConcurrentLinkedDeque<String>();
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//新建一个线程池
		ExecutorService exService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
		ThreadOne elementAdd = new ConcurrentLinkedDequeDemo().new ThreadOne();
		ThreadTwo elementGet = new ConcurrentLinkedDequeDemo().new ThreadTwo();
		//在主线程上执行 add 和 get 线程
		exService.execute(elementAdd);
		exService.execute(elementGet);
		exService.shutdown();
	}
	
	

	class ThreadOne implements Runnable {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
				cld.add("A" + i);
				System.out.println("Element added is: A" +i );
			}
		}
	}

	class ThreadTwo implements Runnable {
		@Override
		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
				
//				String s = cld.poll();
				String s = cld.peek  ();
//				String s = cld.element ();
				System.out.println("Element received is: " + s);
			}
		}
	}

}


执行结果:
poll():
Element received is: null
Element added is: A0
Element received is: A0
Element added is: A1
Element received is: A1
Element added is: A2
Element received is: A2
Element added is: A3
Element received is: A3
Element added is: A4
peek():
Element received is: null
Element added is: A0
Element received is: A0
Element added is: A1
Element received is: A0
Element added is: A2
Element received is: A0
Element received is: A0
Element added is: A3
Element added is: A4
element():
Element added is: A0
Element added is: A1
Element added is: A2
Element added is: A3
Element added is: A4
Exception in thread "pool-1-thread-2" java.util.NoSuchElementException
	at java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque.screenNullResult(ConcurrentLinkedDeque.java:812)
	at java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque.getFirst(ConcurrentLinkedDeque.java:956)
	at java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque.element(ConcurrentLinkedDeque.java:1030)
	at com.dx.java.jdk.ConcurrentLinkedDequeDemo$ThreadTwo.run(ConcurrentLinkedDequeDemo.java:41)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

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转载自772755318.iteye.com/blog/2317424