Supercapacitor can be used as a battery replacement

Supercapacitor can be used as a battery replacement
In some applications, supercapacitors are a replacement for batteries; in some applications, supercapacitors support the battery. In some cases, the supercapacitor may not be able to store enough energy, so it is necessary to use the battery. For example, when the ambient energy source (such as the sun) is intermittent, such as at night, the stored energy is not only used to provide peak power, but also to support the application for a longer period of time.
If the required peak power exceeds the amount that the battery can provide (such as making a GSM call or low-power transmission at low temperatures), the battery can charge the supercapacitor with low power, while the supercapacitor provides large pulse power. This structure also means that the battery never circulates deeply, thus extending battery life. Supercapacitors store physical charges, not chemical reactions like batteries, so supercapacitors actually have an infinite cycle life.
When a supercapacitor is charged from a battery to provide a peak power pulse, there is an important interval between the pulses. If the pulses are too close together, it is more efficient to have the supercapacitor always charged. But if the pulse spacing is not too close, the more energy efficient way is to charge the supercapacitor before the peak power event.
This spacing depends on a number of factors, including the capacitance that the supercapacitor absorbs before reaching the equilibrium leakage current, the self-discharge characteristics of the supercapacitor, and the charge that the circuit pulls out of the supercapacitor in order to provide a peak power event. This choice is valid only when you know in advance the peak power event, and not for reactions to unpredictable events such as battery failure or external stimuli.