apache2.4的编译安装

编译安装apache

1、解决依赖关系

httpd-2.4.18需要较新版本的apr和apr-util，因此需要事先对其进行升级。升级方式有两种，一种是通过源代码编译安装，一种是直接升级rpm包。这里选择使用编译源代码的方式进行，它们的下载路径为ftp://172.16.0.1/pub/Sources/new_lamp。

(1) 编译安装apr

tar xf apr-1.5.2.tar.bz2

cd apr-1.5.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

make && make install

(2) 编译安装apr-util

tar xf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.bz2

cd apr-util-1.5.4

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

make && make install

附：apache官方对APR的介绍：

The mission of the Apache Portable Runtime (APR) project is to create and maintain software libraries that provide a predictable and consistent interface to underlying platform-specific implementations. The primary goal is to provide an API to which software developers may code and be assured of predictable if not identical behaviour regardless of the platform on which their software is built, relieving them of the need to code special-case conditions to work around or take advantage of platform-specific deficiencies or features.

(3) httpd-2.4.18编译过程也要依赖于pcre-devel软件包，需要事先安装。

tar xf pcre-8.36.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.36/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
make && make install

2、编译安装httpd-2.4.18

首先下载httpd-2.4.18到本地。而后执行如下命令进行编译安装过程：

tar xf httpd-2.4.18.tar.bz2

cd httpd-2.4.18

#./configure
–prefix=/usr/local/httpd
–sysconfdir=/etc/httpd
–enable-so --enable-ssl
–enable-cgi --enable-rewrite
–with-zlib --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre
–with-apr=/usr/local/apr
–with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util
–enable-mods-shared=most --enable-mpms-shared=all
–with-mpm=event

make && make install

选项解释：
–prefix=/usr/local/httpd # 指定安装目录
–sysconfdir=/etc/httpd # 指定配置文件安装路径
–enable-so --enable-ssl #允许运行时加载DSO模块 # 启动ssl加密功能
–enable-cgi --enable-rewrite # 启用cgi协议 #启用URL重写功能
–with-zlib --with-pcre # 指定pcre的安装路径
–with-apr=/usr/local/apr #指定apr的安装路径
–with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util # 指定apr-util的安装路径
–enable-modules=most # 启用大多数共享模块
–enable-mpms-shared=most #启用MPM大多数参数
–with-mpm=event #指定使用的MPM的类型

httpd编译安装常见错误：

checking for OpenSSL version >= 0.9.8a… FAILED
configure: WARNING: OpenSSL version is too old
no
checking whether to enable mod_ssl… configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures

原因：
缺少openssl-devel包

yum install openssl-devel

安装完openssl-devel后编译安装httpd
–with-ssl可以指明路径也可以不指
如果要指，可以通过下面命令查看

#openssl version -a
OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
built on: Mon Feb 20 14:38:48 UTC 2017
platform: linux-x86_64
options: bn(64,64) md2(int) rc4(16x,int) des(idx,cisc,16,int) idea(int) blowfish(idx)
compiler: gcc -fPIC -DOPENSSL_PIC -DZLIB -DOPENSSL_THREADS -D_REENTRANT -DDSO_DLFCN -DHAVE_DLFCN_H -DKRB5_MIT -m64 -DL_ENDIAN -DTERMIO -Wall -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -Wa,–noexecstack -DPURIFY -DOPENSSL_IA32_SSE2 -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_MONT -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_MONT5 -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_GF2m -DSHA1_ASM -DSHA256_ASM -DSHA512_ASM -DMD5_ASM -DAES_ASM -DVPAES_ASM -DBSAES_ASM -DWHIRLPOOL_ASM -DGHASH_ASM
OPENSSLDIR: “/etc/pki/tls”
engines: dynamic

–with-ssl=/etc/pki/tls

补充：

（1）构建MPM为静态模块
在全部平台中，MPM都可以构建为静态模块。在构建时选择一种MPM，链接到服务器中。如果要改变MPM，必须重新构建。为了使用指定的MPM，请在执行configure脚本 时，使用参数 --with-mpm=NAME。NAME是指定的MPM名称。编译完成后，可以使用 ./httpd -l 来确定选择的MPM。 此命令会列出编译到服务器程序中的所有模块，包括 MPM。

（2）构建 MPM 为动态模块

在Unix或类似平台中，MPM可以构建为动态模块，与其它动态模块一样在运行时加载。 构建 MPM 为动态模块允许通过修改LoadModule指令内容来改变MPM，而不用重新构建服务器程序。在执行configure脚本时，使用–enable-mpms-shared选项即可启用此特性。当给出的参数为all时，所有此平台支持的MPM模块都会被安装。还可以在参数中给出模块列表。默认MPM，可以自动选择或者在执行configure脚本时通过–with-mpm选项来指定，然后出现在生成的服务器配置文件中。编辑LoadModule指令内容可以选择不同的MPM。

3、修改httpd的主配置文件，设置其Pid文件的路径

编辑/etc/httpd/httpd.conf，添加如下行即可：
PidFile “/var/run/httpd.pid”

4、提供SysV服务脚本/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash

httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server

chkconfig: - 85 15

description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve \

HTML files and CGI.

processname: httpd

config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd

pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid

Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi

Start httpd in the C locale by default.

HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-“C”}

This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if

mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.

INITLOG_ARGS=""

Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server

with the thread-based “worker” MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not

work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.

Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.

apachectl=/usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl
httpd= ${HTTPD-/usr/local/httpd/bin/httpd} prog=httpd pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0

start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: " LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 13: OPTIONS -t >&̲/dev/null; then…?
echo $“not reloading due to configuration syntax error”
failure $“not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error”
else
killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP RETVAL=$?
fi
echo
}

See how we were called.

case “$1” in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
stop
start
fi
;;
reload)
reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@ RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $“Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}”
exit 1
esac

exit $RETVAL

而后为此脚本赋予执行权限：

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

加入服务列表：

chkconfig --add httpd

接下来就可以启动服务进行测试了。