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这篇文章简单memo一下ubuntu或者debian容器下的时区设定。这本来是timedatectl 直接设定就可以解决的问题。
问题1: No such file or directory错误提示
sh-4.3$ timedatectl
Failed to create bus connection: No such file or directory
sh-4.3$
确认之后，发现没有设定/etc/localtime，决定直接设定与设定指向Asia/Shanghai的链接进行解决。
问题2: 权限不足
sh-4.3$ ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
ln: cannot remove '/etc/localtime': Permission denied
sh-4.3$
使用sudo解决问题
sh-4.3$ sudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
sh-4.3$ ls /etc/localtime
/etc/localtime
sh-4.3$
问题3: 不存在zoneinfo
sh-4.3$ ls -l /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai
ls: cannot access '/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai': No such file or directory
sh-4.3$
因为缺少tzdata，安装tzdata，提示如下问题
问题4: unable to locate package
sh-4.3$ sudo apt-get install tzdata
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package tzdata
sh-4.3$
因为apt-get没有更新本地源，apt-get update解决问题
sh-4.3$ apt-get update
Reading package lists... Done
E: List directory /var/lib/apt/lists/partial is missing. - Acquire (13: Permission denied)
sh-4.3$ sudo apt-get update
Get:1 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial InRelease [247 kB]
Get:2 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-updates InRelease [109 kB]
Get:3 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-backports InRelease [107 kB]
Get:4 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-security InRelease [109 kB]
Get:5 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial/main amd64 Packages [1558 kB]
Get:6 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial/restricted amd64 Packages [14.1 kB]
Get:7 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial/universe amd64 Packages [9827 kB]
Get:8 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial/multiverse amd64 Packages [176 kB]
Get:9 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages [1211 kB]
Get:10 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [13.1 kB]
Get:11 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages [962 kB]
Get:12 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [19.1 kB]
Get:13 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-backports/main amd64 Packages [7942 B]
Get:14 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-backports/universe amd64 Packages [8532 B]
Get:15 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-security/main amd64 Packages [816 kB]
Get:16 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-security/restricted amd64 Packages [12.7 kB]
Get:17 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages [551 kB]
Get:18 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [6117 B]
Fetched 15.8 MB in 1min 3s (250 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
sh-4.3
对应方法：安装tzdata
安装tzdata，问题得到解决。
sh-4.3$ sudo apt-get install tzdata
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
tzdata
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
Need to get 168 kB of archives.
After this operation, 2867 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 mirror://mirrors.ubuntu.com/mirrors.txt xenial-updates/main amd64 tzdata all 2018i-0ubuntu0.16.04 [168 kB]
Fetched 168 kB in 1s (123 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package tzdata.
(Reading database ... 6445 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../tzdata_2018i-0ubuntu0.16.04_all.deb ...
Unpacking tzdata (2018i-0ubuntu0.16.04) ...
Setting up tzdata (2018i-0ubuntu0.16.04) ...
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 76.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC contains: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.22.1 /usr/local/share/perl/5.22.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.22 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.22 /usr/share/perl/5.22 /usr/local/lib/site_perl /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base .) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 7.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
Current default time zone: 'Asia/Shanghai'
Local time is now: Tue Apr 9 22:08:16 CST 2019.
Universal Time is now: Tue Apr 9 14:08:16 UTC 2019.
Run 'dpkg-reconfigure tzdata' if you wish to change it.
sh-4.3$
结果确认
可以看到结果已从UTC切换至CST了
sh-4.3$ date
Tue Apr 9 22:10:43 CST 2019
sh-4.3$