django(八)django-app设计

具体详细步骤请查看之前文章，这里不进行详细讲解；

1.新建django文件：

File->New Project->Django->Create;

2.安装mysqlclient插件

3.创建数据库

打开navicat for MySQL软件，在已经创建完成的testjango下创建一个命名为**“mxonline”**字符集为“utf8-utf8 unicode”，排序规则“utf8_croatian_ic”的数据表

4.修改settings.py程序连接数据库建立数据表：

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME':"mxonline",
        "USER":'root',
        'PASSWORD':'123456',
        'HOST':'127.0.0.1'
    }
}

打开Tools->run manage.py Task，调出命令行，在命令行中输入：makemigrations，再输入migrate

5.完善工程文件组成：

打开Tools->run manage.py Task，调出命令行，

在命令行中输入：startapp users，

在命令行中输入：startapp organization，

在命令行中输入：startapp operation，

在命令行中输入：startapp courses，

在model输入的程序：

USER

# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractBaseUser



# Create your models here.
class UserProfile(AbstractBaseUser):
    identifier = models.CharField(max_length=40, unique=True)
    USERNAME_FIELD = 'identifier'

    nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u"昵称",default=" ")
    birday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u"生日",null=True,blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=5,choices=(("male",u"男"),("female","女")),default="female")
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100,default=u"")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11,null=True,blank=True)
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="image/%Y/%m",default=u"image/default.png",max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name= u"用户信息"
        verbose_name_plural=verbose_name

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username


class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
    code = models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name=u"验证码")
    email =models.EmailField(max_length=5 ,verbose_name=u"邮箱")
    send_type=models.CharField(choices=(("register",u"注册"),("forget",u"找回密码")),max_length=10)
    send_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta :
        verbose_name = u"邮箱验证码"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
#轮播图
class Banner(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length= 100, verbose_name=u"标题")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="banner/%Y/%m",verbose_name= u"轮播图")
    url = models.URLField(max_length=200,verbose_name= u"访问地址")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=100,verbose_name=u"顺序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default= datetime.now,verbose_name=u"")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"轮播图"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

organization

# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
class CityDict(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name=u"城市")
    desc = models.CharField(max_length = 200, verbose_name=u"描述")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"城市"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name



class CourseOrg(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name= u"机构名称")
    desc = models.TextField(verbose_name=  u"机构描述")
    clik_num = models.IntegerField(default=0 , verbose_name= u"点击数")
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name= u"收藏数")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="org/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"封面图",max_length=100)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=150,verbose_name= u"机构地址")
    city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict,verbose_name= u"所在城市",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程机构"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Teacher(models.Model):
    org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg,verbose_name=u"所属机构",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u"教师名")
    work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u"工作年限")
    work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u"就值公司")
    work_position = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u"公司职位")
    points = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u"教学特点")
    clik_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"教师"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

operation

# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models

from users.models import UserProfile
from courses.models import Course

# Create your models here.

class UserAsk(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name= u"姓名")
    mobile = models.CharField( max_length=11 ,verbose_name=u"手机")
    course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name=u"课程名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户咨询"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseComments(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile,verbose_name=u"用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course,verbose_name=u"课程",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    comments = models.CharField(max_length= 200, verbose_name=u"评论")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程地铁"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserFavorite(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    fav_id = models.IntegerField(default= 0 ,verbose_name=u"数据id" )
    fav_type = models.IntegerField(choices=((1,"课程"),(2,"课程机构"),(3,"讲师")),default=1,verbose_name=u"收藏类型")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户收藏"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserMessage(models.Model):
    user = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u"接收用户")
    message = models.CharField(max_length=500,verbose_name= u"消息内容")
    has_read = models.BooleanField(default= False , verbose_name=u"是否已读")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户消息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserCourse(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户消息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

courses

# _*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
class Course(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name= u"课程名")
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=300,verbose_name= u"课程描述")
    detail = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"课程详情")
    degree = models.CharField(choices=(("cj","初级"),("zj","中级"),("gj","高级")),max_length=2)
    learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u"学习时长(分钟)")
    students= models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u"学习人数")
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u"收藏人数")
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="courses/%Y/%m",verbose_name=u"封面图",max_length=100)
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u"点击数")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name



class Lesson(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course,verbose_name=u"课程",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100,verbose_name=u"课程名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"章节"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Video(models.Model):
    lesson = models.ForeignKey(Lesson,verbose_name=u"章节",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100,verbose_name=u"课程名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"视频"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseResource(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course,verbose_name=u"课程",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100,verbose_name=u"课程名")
    download = models.FileField(upload_to="course/resource/%Y/%m",max_length=100, verbose_name=u"资源文件")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程资源"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

注意头像，需要安装：pillow插件

5.1修改setting里内容，添加各个新建的app

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'users',
    "courses",
    "organization",
    "operation",
]
AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"

5.2将model里面的表格更新到数据库中：

打开Tools->run manage.py Task，调出命令行，

在命令行中输入：makemigrations ，再输入migrate ；

6.在使用操作过程中遇到的问题：

1.AttributeError: type object ‘UserProfile’ has no attribute ‘USERNAME_FIELD’ models.py

问题解决https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41068712/article/details/89028993